254 resultados para Fluorescència


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

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O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso reporta os resultados obtidos durante o estágio de Iniciação Científica realizado no Núcleo de Biossíntese, Bioensaios e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais do Departamento de Química Orgânica do Instituto de Química da UNESP-Araraquara. Foram realizados ensaios de triagem de substâncias naturais, semissintéticas e sintéticas com atividade inibitória sobre a protease aspártica pepsina e a protease serínica subtilisina. As amostras foram obtidas de extratos vegetais e de fungos endofíticos e foram testadas tanto substâncias puras naturais como diterpenos clerodânicos, cromenos, peptídeos e amidas bem como derivados sintéticos do ácido caféico, ferúlico, alcalóides piridínicos, entre outros resultantes das pesquisas realizadas por pesquisadores do NuBBE. Resultados mostraram que os ensaios de inibição da pepsina e da subtilisina apresentaram seletividade para os diferentes tipos de substâncias testadas. Ainda mais, foi possível observar diferenças nos resultados obtidos com os enantiômeros dos cromanos e dos cromenos. As substâncias que apresentaram maiores porcentagens de inibição foram os cromenos, os derivados do ácido cafeico, do ácido ferúlico e do ácido benzóico, as amidas, bem como os diterpenos clerodânicos. Alguns destes resultados foram publicados em revistas indexadas (Flausino et al., 2009; López et al., 2010; Oliveira et al., 2011) e outros estão sendo preparados para publicação

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In chemical industry, petrochemical and oil refinery may be found situations that working pressures and very high temperatures, and alloys that comprise such equipment must have specific characteristics such. As a way to ensure that the materials are as designed, companies have some specific techniques, and one of them is X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, which allows its application in devices small and lightweight, which ensures its portability in field use. This technique however, has some shortcomings such as the impossibility of detecting carbon and other elements of low atomic number which can generate false identifications of elements that are not in the league or non-detection of existing elements. Therefore, this study investigated the reliability of this method using the apparatus Niton XL3t 800 and may conclude that their results are reliable and can be used to assist in ensuring the operational integrity of the production units of these companies

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The X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) is an important technique for the qualitative and quantitative determination of chemical components in a sample. It is based on measurement of the intensity of the emitted characteristic radiation by the elements of the sample, after being properly excited. One of the modalities of this technique is the total reflection x-ray fluorescence (TXRF). In TXRF, the angle of refraction of the incident beam tends to zero and the refracted beam is tangent to the sample-support interface. Thus, there is a minimum angle of incidence that there is no refracted beam and all the incident radiation undergoes total reflection. As it is implemented in very small samples, in a film format, self-absorption effects should not very relevant. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of using code MCNPX (Monte Carlo N - Particle eXtended), to simulate a measure implemented by the TXRF technique. In this way, it was verified the quality of response of a system by TXRF spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation as excitation beam for a simple setup, by retrieving the characteristic energies and the concentrations of the elements in the sample. The steps of data processing, after obtaining the excitation spectra, were the same as in a real experiment and included the obtaining of the sensitivity curve for the simulated system. The agreement between the theoretical and simulated values of Ka characteristic energies for different elements was lower than 1 % .The obtained concentration of the elements of the sample had high relatively errors ( between 6 and 60 % ) due mainly to lack of knowing about some realistic physical parameters of the sample , such as density . In this way, this result does not preclude the use of MCNPX code for this type of application

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)