Investigação química e biológica dos metabólitos secundários derivados de macroalgas marinhas e microrganismos associados

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Estudo etnobiológico da interação dos pescadores de cerco-fixo com as tartarugas marinhas da região de Cananéia, litoral sul de São Paulo

Marine turtles are reptiles that occur on the Brazilian coast and can travel very large distances between feeding and nesting grounds. Five species found in Brazil are threatened. The consumption of turtle meat and eggs is an ancient habit in many coastal communities around the world. The main causes that threaten these species are the increase in fishing and the drastic changes in the environment. The presence of turtles near the beaches and their accidental capture were reported by fishermen in the region of Cananéia, where this work was developed. This study was also made based in interviews of fishermen that living in the area and the follow up of their fishing activities. This methodology made possible to identify the turtles in the area, the behavior of the fishermen with these animals and the relation between non-commercial fishing and turtles. The fishing traps area has a direct relation with the capture of turtles. The higher incidence of turtle capture is usually next to islands, rocky coasts, low lands and bay entrances, which are areas where the most common species of the region (Chelonia mydas) normally look for food. The fishermen opinions about the critical situation of these species and their conservation has also been studied. Several programs in Environmental Education for the communities of the region have been recommended

Interação de tartarugas marinhas com a pesca de arrasto de fundo de camarão no municipío de Ubatuba-SP

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Determinação de Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn em águas marinhas oriundas da Bacia Potiguar utilizando a técnica de difusão em filmes finos por gradiente de concentração (DGT)

The DGT technique has been used to determine and better understand the dynamics and bioavailability of metals in the sea near to marine outfalls. In this work, the DGT was assessed for the determination of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni in marine water samples from Potiguar Basin in its conventional aspect (binding agent, Chelex-100 and diffusive agent: Diffusive polyacrylamide gel (D) and restrictive (R)) and determination of Pb and Cd through its alternative aspect (binding agent: Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized in agarose gels and diffusive agent: 3MM Chromatography Paper). The deployment curves for long periods of immersion in the sample, showed a good linear correlation for the conventional aspect to Zn (D: R²=0.9586, R: R²=0.9444), Ni (D: R²=0.9789, R: R²=0.9286) and Cu (D: R²=0.764, R: R²=0.8143), and alternative to Pb (R²=0.9228) and Cd (R²=0.9673). The results of the organic and inorganic composition analysis in conventional aspect, showed that for every element there is no significant fraction of organic compounds in the sample. In addition, considering the alternative aspect, the comparison of obtained and expected masses suggests that some of the Pb is not labile and that the main retention mechanism of Pb for S. Cerevisiae occurs through ion exchange

Algas verdes coloniais em riachos de Unidades de Conservação do Sul do Brasil: taxonomia e aspectos ecológicos

Species of colonial green algae from 10 Conservation Units from the Southern Brazil were surveyed. The samplings were carried out in 105 stream reaches, consisting of 10 m length transects. In addition to biological data, some environmental variables were measured: depth, current velocity, water temperature, turbidity, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen and nutrients (total nitrogen and orthophosphate). Three species of colonial green algae [Bohlin Ecballocystis pulvinata var. pulvinata, Tetraspora gelatinosa (Vaucher) Desvaux and T. lubrica (Roth) C Agard] were recorded and these species were described and illustrated. Based on the environmental data, it was observed some patterns of ecological distribution, including the occurrence of E. pulvinata var. pulvinata in environments with higher water temperature and current velocity values, while Tetraspora species typically occurred in environments with lower total nitrogen, orthophosphate and specific conductance values.

Diversidade de algas verdes em crostas biológicas de solo do cerrado

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Produção de biofilme, perfil de sensibilidade e aspectos epidemiológicos de espécies fúngicas e algas do gênero Prototheca isoladas de casos de mastite bovina

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Are deep-sea cephalopods really common preys for oceanic seabirds?

Uma análise de dados publicados sobre dietas de aves marinhas oceânicas mostra a predominância de cefalópodes musculares e de distribuição mais superficial nas camadas oceânicas, mas também são importantes as espécies gelatinosas e amoniacais restritas a camadas abaixo dos 300 m da superfície. A princípio, não deveria se esperar que cefalópodes de profundidade fossem considerados presas comuns de aves marinhas oceânicas como reportados por muitos autores. É proposto neste estudo que uma fonte indireta, importante e de fácil obtenção, surgiu com o início das atividades dos barcos atuneiros que operam com espinhel. O hábito de ingerir restos de vísceras de peixes capturados em barcos espinheleiros pode explicar as prováveis conclusões equivocadas de que cefalópodes de profundidade são presas naturais de aves marinhas oceânicas.

The feeding activity of Colossoma macropomum larvae (tambaqui) in fishponds with water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) fertilizer

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Levantamento florístico das comunidades de macroalgas da bacia do Rio das Pedras, região centro-sul do estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Utilización de columnas verticales de filtración de manta y arena como pre-tratamiento de un sistema de filtración lenta

Slow sand filtration is an efficient water treatment technique used for treating surface water with relatively low levels of contamination. Despite the slow sand filtration at pathogen, algae and cyanobacteria removal efficiency, it has some restrictions in relation to the required area for slow filters, and the cleaning activities for the filters and the stone pre-filters when used in the treatment. This research evaluated during 120 days the use of non woven & sand pre-filtration columns as part of a slow filtration process for the apparent color, turbidity, algae, cyanobacteria, phytoflagellates and diatomaceous. The columns shown an efficient removal of the monitored parameters and demonstrated as a vantage their faster and easier cleaning process and less awkward than the required to the stone pre-filters. The turbidity removal efficiency increased progressively during the experiment, especially after the first 35 days of the start; the apparent color removal by the pre-filtration columns was of 85%, and working together with the polishing of activated carbon columns was up to 95; the diatomaceous, phytoflagellates, algae and cyanobacteria removal by the columns achieve a weekly average of 95%, its recommended to use filtration rates lower to 1,5m(3)/m(2)/d.

Aquatic insects as the main food resource of fish the community in a Neotropical reservoir

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Phytoplankton assemblages in a reservoir cascade of a large tropical - subtropical river (SE, Brazil)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Stirring, charging, and picking: hunting tactics of potamotrygonid rays in the upper Paraná River

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Composição e abundância da ictiofauna de duas lagunas costeiras da América do Sul Austral: lagoa do Peixe (31ºS; 51ºW), Brasil e laguna Mar Chiquita (37ºS; 57ºW), Argentina

This article describes and compares the shallow water fish-fauna from two coastal lagoons (Peixe Lagoon, in Brazil, and Mar Chiquita Lagoon, in Argentina). Peixe Lagoon was sampled between 2000 and 2001 using a 9 m beach seine net (12 mm bar mesh in the wings and 5 mm in the centre 3 m section) totalizing 125 samples, which yielded 33,848 individuals and 32 species. Mar Chiquita Lagoon was sampled from 1995 to 1998 using a 21) m beach seine net (12 mm bar mesh) totalizing 232 samples resulting in 31,097 individuals of 28 species. A total of 47 species were observed in both lagoons and 13 were shared. The "marine-estuarine-related" species were similar and dominate the fish assemblages in both lagoons. The remaining species were similar to the species collected along the southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina estuaries. The number of species observed in Peixe Lagoon (S = 32) was higher than in Mar Chiquita Lagoon (S = 28) and is probably associated with a strong latitudinal gradient of species richness increasing from north to south. Considering that the Peixe Lagoon and Mar Chiquita Lagoon are isolated by the large estuaries of Patos Lagoon and Prata River, the composition of the species with low abundance and occasional occurrence were different for each local studied. These results expand the knowledge for the fauna of both sites and help conservation and management from both lagoons.