Aging of red wines made from hybrid grape cv. BRS Violeta: Effects of accelerated aging conditions on phenolic composition, color and antioxidant activity

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Utilização de luz ultravioleta contínua (UV-C) e luz pulsada para conservação de mangas CV. Tommy Atkins minimamente processadas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Fenologia e mistura de reguladores vegetais e de fertilizante foliar no metabolismo da videira cv. sweet sunshine em clima semiárido

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Avaliação de genótipos de maracujazeiro e viabilidade econômica da cv. Roxinho do Kênia para exportação

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Processamento de frutos de abacaxizeiro cv smooth cayenne: perfil de açúcares e ácidos dos sucos e composição nutricional da farinha de cascas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Suplementação de alto consumo na terminação de tourinhos Nelore em pastagem de b. brizantha cv. Marandu

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Comportamento ingestivo de bovinos mantidos em pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés manejado em diferentes alturas de pastejo

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of grazing heights on daytime behavioral activities of Nellore beef cattle in the rainy season. The experimental area was 12 hectares divided into paddocks of one hectare each. The treatments consisted of four defoliation heights (15, 30, 45 and 60 cm) in pastures of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes with three replicates each. It was used the continuos grazing method, with variable stocking rate. Forage samples collected on the plots were sent to the laboratory for separation of the botanical components, weighing and determination of dry matter, with the material collected by simulated grazing. The variables: grazing time, idle time and ruminating time were evaluated for 12 consecutive hours on days 15 and 16 February 2011, considering the morning and afternoon periods. It was used a completely randomized design. The height of the canopy significantly influenced the daily grazing time and ruminating time, with a quadratic response as a function of time of defoliation. The bite rate decreased as a function of heights studied. However the chemical composition of the material collected by simulated grazing did not differ between treatments. Xaraes grass swards grazed at around 45 cm height provide greater ease of apprehension by grazing cattle.

Desempenho de bovinos de corte em pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés manejados em diferentes alturas de pastejo

The production of grazing cattle has been very interesting, due to the low cost to produce fodder, compared to other sources of forage used to feed these animals, but the adequate management pasture has high influence on the success and profitability of cattle production systems. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the optimum grazing height of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes, which provides the highest individual weight gain and gain per area. The stocking rate was continuous, with variable stocking rate. The experimental period was from January to December 2010. Three Nellore males were used in each experimental plot, and, when needed, additional animals were used for adjusting the desired heights. Monthly sampling was obtained to estimate forage mass (kg.ha(-1) of DM) and the structural characteristics of the pastures, such as, leaf: stem ratio. The animals were weighed at the beginning of the experiment and every 28 days, after 12 hours of fasting, to measure the average daily gain (ADG) After weighings were performed adjustments stocking rate to desired heights. Throughout the experimental period the animals received mineral supplementation. The desired sward heights were 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm, with three replicates each. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments and three replications. To body weight gain (BWG) and average daily gain (ADG), each animal was considered an experimental unit. To gain per area and stocking rate, the paddock was considered the experimental unit. The leaf: stem ratio showed a linear increasing behavior in the spring and summer seasons. The smaller grazing heights provided higher gain per unit area (812.15 kg ha(-1)), while the highest grazing heights promoted high individual weight gain (0.790 kg.dia(-1)). The results suggest that Xaraes grass pastures should be grazed between 30 and 45 cm to allow reasonable performances by area and individual performances.

Produção de forragem e composição estrutural de pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés manejados em diferentes alturas de pastejo

The objective of this study was to analyze the production of dry mass, forage accumulation rate and the structural composition of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes pastures, managed under different grazing heights in continuous stocking. The experimental area was 12 hectares, divided in paddocks of one hectare each. The treatments were 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm of defoliation heights. Nellore steers were used to reach the desired heights. Every 28 days four cut samples and eight visual samples were collected for comparative performance in the experimental plots. Two grazing exclusion cages were used per treatment to estimate accumulation rates kg.ha(-1) DM. The cut material was taken to the laboratory for separation of the botanical components (green leaf, stem and senescent material), weighing and determination of dry matter. The experimental design was the completely randomized with three replicates. There were treatments effects at all seasons for the production of total mass, except in the spring. In summer and spring seasons it was observed the highest values for leaf blades (1.100 kg DM.ha(-1)). In the winter, the highest values of senescent material was observed, as expected. The average accumulation showed no significant difference among the treatments, except for stem and total mass in the summer and stem in the fall. The tillers were heavier and higher values for number of green leaves per tiller occurred in the fall, but for senescent leaves per tiller ocurred in the winter. Swards grazed at heights between 45 and 60 cm of defoliation, had good production of forage mass and leaf constituent.

Efeito da tosquia estratégica no comportamento ingestivo de ovelhas Ile de France em pastagem de capim vaquero (Cynodon dactylon cv Vaquero) durante a estação de monta

The experiment evaluated the effects of strategic shearing on feeding behavior in Ile de France ewes in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) grazing during breeding season. A total of 20 ewes, female, Ile de France breed, 4 years old, 71.10 kg of body weight, in grazing, in a completely randomized design with two treatments and ten repetitions, in which the treatments were composed by shorn and non-shorn animals. The length of the breeding season was 90 days, where the evaluations occurred in the 86th, 87th and 88th day of the experimental period. The grazing time (6.50 hours), rumination (1.59 hours) and idle (3.97 hours) have not changed (P> 0.05) by strategic shearing of the animals, as well as the frequency and the time by frequency grazing (18.33 grazing and 21.49 min/grazing), rumination (10.71 ruminations and 8.83 min/rumination) and idle (18.83 idles and 12.66 min/idle). In the same way, the number of bits per minute (26.37 bits) and the total daily bits (19.116 bits) of the animals were not affected. Thus, the strategic shearing in Ile de France ewes in Bermudagrass grazing during the breeding season does not alter animal feeding behavior.

Caracterização molecular do gene que codifica a TCTP (Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein) em tomate (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Santa Clara)

The gene encoding TCTP (Translationally Controlled Tumour Protein) is present in all eukaryotes and its product is involved in various cellular processes. Although well characterized in mammals, there are only few works available in the literature related to the analysis of this protein in plants. In this present work, the expression of the gene encoding TCTP was analyzed in different organs/tissues of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Santa Clara). A quantification performed by RT-qPCR revealed the presence of TCTP transcript in all tissues/organs analyzed, with the highest expression level found in leaves. With the exception of fruits in intermediate stage of maturation, for which a small increase on the expression was detected, there was minimal variation in the relative expression of TCTP in other organ/tissues. In parallel, the effects of the constitutive expression of TCTP were investigated using transgenic tobacco lines able to overexpress this protein at different levels (T1, T2 and T3). Seedlings of these lines, and of a non-transgenic control line, were grown in MS culture medium for 21 days. At the end of this period, the length of roots and leaves was taken and the seedlings were photographed. According to Tukey's test, the analysis of the mean root length revealed a significant difference between T1 and T3 lines when compared to the control, although the same was not observed for the T2 line. For leaves, according to Kruskal-Wallis test, there was a statistical difference between the averages of leaf growth obtained for the different lines evaluated. According to these results, we can conclude that TCTP shows an ubiquitous expression in tomato plants, with the highest expression detected in leaves, and also that its overexpression promoted a higher root and leaf development in two of three transgenic tobacco lines tested

Amplificação, clonagem e sequenciamento de promotores de café (Coffea arabica cv Mundo Novo) específicos de fruto e ubíquos

The Coffee Genome Project made available to the scientific community relevant information that made practical the identification and cloning of important genes, as well as the identification of the major sequences involved on their regulation. The aim of the present study was to amplify, clone and sequence coffee promoters with specific expression patterns. For that, coffee ESTs which known expression profiles were employed. First, the promoter regions of coffee genes showing, respectively, fruitspecific and ubiquitous expression were amplified using the Genome Walking strategy. Amplified sequences were then inserted in the pGEM-Teasy vector (Promega) and sequenced. Once completed the sequencing, an expression cassette was constructed using the binary vector pCAMBIA-1381z (Cambia). These expression cassettes were cloned into Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and transgenic tobacco plants were generated aiming the functional characterization of these promoters

Estudo da compatibilidade de atemoia ((Annona cherimola Mill. X Annona squamosa L. CV. 'THOMOSON') enxertada em araticum-de-terra-fria [Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer variedade terra-fria] e biribá [[Annona mucosa (Bai.) H. Rainer]

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Priming and temperature limits for germination of dispersal units of Urochloa brizantha (Stapf) Webster cv. basilisk

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)