349 resultados para Transtorno da falta de atenção com hiperatividade


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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem - FMB

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

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Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

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Attention is a phenomenon that allows the selection of relevant stimuli in order to prioritize them and improve their processing. This modulation could occur in any step of the process: in an early stage or in a late stage, more precisely, in a perceptive or motor stage. However, even with a rich literature about attention in time, there are still some divergences about how this modulation occurs. A hypothesis about it says that temporal attention would only be able to prepare the motor system to respond. The perceptual modulation would only occur when the temporal expectation is in combination with another expectation of a property with neuronal receptive field. In this situation, the receptive field's pre-activation is the explanation of how temporal attention would be capable to modulate perceptual process. The crucial objective was to test this hypothesis. In other words, it was to verify if the feature expectation of a stimulus (Gabor orientation) and its temporal expectancy interferes in perception quality. Two experiments were made: the first one tested the voluntary temporal expectation, and the second one tested the automatic temporal expectation. Our data shows that both Feature-based Attention and Temporal Attention improve the process of perception. Temporal expectation effects just occur in situations of competitive environment. Hypothesis verification was not conclusive, because of methodological problems

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INTRODUCTION: The children's schools are expanded spaces of education and care for infants. The educator's role as mediator in learning is crucial to child development, and the use of children's books can act as an important methodological and pedagogical resource in this process. METHODS: This paper describes a psychoeducational intervention performed with the educators of a public pre-school with the following objectives: (a) register the collection of children's books of the school, (b) investigate the acquisition and use of children's books by the teachers and (c) offer an intervention to teachers regarding the educational use of children's books. The participants were seven educators who worked with children from 2 to 6 years old. RESULTS: The results indicate that among the 315 books in the school, the majority was about animal stories (75 books), fantasy and mystery (38), fairy tales and fables (34), formal learning (33), learning rules (33) and about nature and environment (22). The educators reported that the choice of books was made mainly considering the age group to which the books were directed, and also from the themes found in texts and/ or illustrations. Although the teachers believe that the books can encourage reading among children, they don't describe their use in planned activities and they report lack of knowledge about their use. CONCLUSION: The proposed intervention to the teachers allowed them to rethink the use of books in pre-school, instructing them to the utilization of the books aiming to stimulate the imagination and creativity, improving the critical and reflexive capability of the children.

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Introduction: Bruxism has been defined as an oral parafunctional activity that includes clenching and/or grinding the teeth while asleep or awake. In addition to sleep bruxism (SB), various other orofacial movements sporadically occur during sleep. Occasional regurgitation and heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux (GER) are frequent in the general population. GER refers to the presence of symptoms that are secondary to the reflux of gastric content through the esophagus with or without signs of esophageal mucosal lesions. Dentists are often the first health care professionals to diagnose GER through observation of its oral manifestation. Objective: The aim of the present case reports was to discuss the diagnosis and clinical procedures followed in two patients with SB and GER, thereby contributing to the dissemination of knowledge about these two entities. We therefore recommend dentists to be alert to identifying the first signs of GER that appear in the oral cavity. Conclusion: At this point, we highlight the importance of treating the patient as a whole, in an endeavor to identify other sources of the problems that could contribute as factors aggravating these conditions.

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The art of dealing with the similar goes beyond simply contact a service provider to the recipient of the service , after the mouth is only part of the individual. The design PET - Saúde provides the academic experience of exploring the world beyond the walls of the college, which is simply phenomenal. This is the best way to form the dental professional with a humanist , critical and reflective view . Providing students the opportunity to encounter the reality of payphones and develop the general skills of the dentist , as communication with other professionals , experiencing multiprofessionality and transdisciplinarity , important in health promotion . During visits to municipalities were executed activities of health care with prevention and rehabilitation . Even against a background of lack of resources , lack of certain materials , common clinical presentation not prevented the carrying out of procedures and care . This experience is essential because it helps in decision making and establishment of costeffectiveness in their professional careers , based not only on scientific evidence , but also the needs of a given population . Therefore , the experience of participating in the PET allows the complete formation of the academic , also marked the Humanities and Social Sciences . Therefore, going beyond the walls of the college provides a comprehensive and humane view of the patient , which is no longer restricted to just one sick " part " , because it may have its context understood and integrated into the vision of each petiano .

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Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB