299 resultados para Plasticidade comportamental


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INTRODUCTION: Behavioral and electrophysiological auditory evaluations contribute to the understanding of the auditory system and of the process of intervention. OBJECTIVE: To study P300 in subjects with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional prospective study. It included 29 individuals of both genders with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss without other type of disorders, aged 11 to 42 years; all were assessed by behavioral audiological evaluation and auditory evoked potentials. RESULTS: A recording of the P3 wave was obtained in 17 individuals, with a mean latency of 326.97 ms and mean amplitude of 3.76 V. There were significant differences in latency in relation to age and in amplitude according to degree of hearing loss. There was a statistically significant association of the P300 results with the degrees of hearing loss (p = 0.04), with the predominant auditory communication channels (p < 0.0001), and with time of hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: P300 can be recorded in individuals with severe and profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss; it may contribute to the understanding of cortical development and is a good predictor of the early intervention outcome.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

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Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre diferentes níveis de plumbemia e o repertório de habilidades sociais, problemas de comportamento e competência acadêmica de crianças e adolescentes. Participaram 155 crianças e adolescentes, com idade média de 13,10 anos, pertencentes a três grupos: alta plumbemia (superior a 10μg/dl), baixa plumbemia (inferior a 5μg/dl) e que viviam em ambiente similar, mas livre da contaminação por chumbo (grupo de comparação). Foram utilizados os instrumentos SSRS-BR e o IHSA-Del-Prette, respondidos pelos participantes e seus professores. Identificou-se comprometimento no repertório comportamental, acadêmico e social, associado ao nível de plumbemia. Esses resultados evidenciam os riscos associados à exposição ao chumbo. São discutidas explicações para alguns resultados contraditórios, levantando-se hipóteses e questões para novos estudos.

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Stress is one of the major obstacles in frog culture and can be caused by factors such as inappropriate farming systems; inadequate management among other situations. The objective of the present study was to assess the hemogram, erythrogram and leukogram of bullfrogs (L. catesbeianus) when exposed to stress caused by different types of management: density and handling (manipulation), developed in the laboratory and repeated in the field for the appropriate comparisons in a experimental period of 30 days. The density experiment was conducted with four treatments: 70 animals m(-2) (D70); 100 animals m(-2) (D100), Control; 150 animals m(-2) (D150) and 200 animals m(-2) (D200), with 10, 14, 21 and 28 animals/box in the laboratory, respectively. Each treatment was performed with three simultaneous replicates. The handling experiment was conducted with three treatments: Treatment Without Handling (WH); Treatment with Partial Handling (PH) every 15 days and Treatment with Total Handling (TH) every 15 days. Each treatment was performed with four simultaneous replications. The methodology of the blood analysis followed international recommendations. In the present study we could observe that the animals of the field experiment did not reflect the same stress response observed in the laboratory in both experiment, which demonstrated the plasticity of these animals.

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Em cativeiro, Pinguins-de-Magalhães, Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster, 1781) (Sphenisciformes, Aves) são descritos como sedentários, obesos, pouco interativos e apáticos, costumam apresentar pododermatite e baixo índice de reprodução. Atualmente, existem poucos estudos relacionados a pinguins de cativeiro, dificultando o trabalho de manejo e conservação. Diferentes parâmetros podem ser utilizados para avaliação do bem estar animal, dentre eles a diversidade comportamental e repertório típico da espécie. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o orçamento temporal e o padrão de distribuição do comportamento de um grupo de seis animais ao longo do dia e em épocas do ano distintas, e relacionar os comportamentos aos indicadores do estado de saúde dos pinguins. Foram estudados animais residentes no Parque Escola SABINA, em Santo André, SP, nos meses de janeiro, março, maio e julho de 2014. O comportamento dos animais locais foi observado por dois dias nos seguintes horários: 8h-8h50min, 9h25- 10h15min, 10h50min-11h40, 12h20-13h10, 13h40-14h30, 15h05-15h55. As lesões de pododermatite foram classificadas seguindo o escore padronizado de 1 a 3 para a classificação de pododermatite nos pinguins. Foi observado que nenhum animal apresentou lesões avançadas de calosidades nas patas, porém quatro demonstraram evolução no bumblefoot. Os animais passaram mais tempo nos seguintes comportamentos: repouso em pé, repouso deitado, nadar, banho, arrumar penas. A duração dos comportamentos variou entre os meses: no mês de julho os pinguins passaram mais tempo nadando e banhando-se e houve uma tendência de redução do repouso. A distribuição dos comportamentos entre os períodos da manhã e da tarde foi distinta dependendo do mês. Em geral, os pinguins passaram mais tempo banhando-se e nadando pela manhã e em repouso à tarde. Dessa forma, os animais apresentaram variação sazonal que seria esperada em condição de vida livre,...

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Os Pinguins-de-Magalhães (Spheniscus magellanicus) (Forster, 1781) são aves marinhas que se reproduzem em grandes colônias nas costas da Argentina, do Chile e nas Ilhas Malvinas. Quando animais desta espécie são mantidos em cativeiro, é frequente que deixem de exibir comportamentos típicos da espécie, tornando-se sedentários e apresentando baixo índice de reprodução. Nestas condições, por passarem muito tempo fora da água sustentando todo o peso do corpo sobre as patas apoiadas em piso firme, os pinguins podem desenvolver lesões nas patas denominadas pododermatites. Tendo em vista que o padrão temporal do comportamento é alterado por estressores e que o acompanhamento deste padrão pode contribuir para a determinação do bem estar animal, avaliamos neste estudo o padrão de atividade e de uso do recinto de três fêmeas e três machos residentes no Sabina Escola Parque do Conhecimento (Santo André, SP). Os animais foram observados por 2 a 3 dias em quatro períodos: janeiro, março, maio e julho de 2014. Foram realizadas seis varreduras sucessivas a cada 7 minutos nos seguintes intervalos de horários: 8h-8h50, 9h25-10h15, 10h50-11h40, 12h20-13h10, 13h40- 14h30 e 15h05-15h55. Em cada varredura foi registrado o estado comportamental (repouso, atividade ou não visível) e a área do recinto em que cada animal se encontrava (em quadrantes). Verificamos que os animais eram ativos na maior parte das observações visíveis: 73,4% das varreduras obtidas em janeiro, 65,8% em março, 89,0% em maio e 86,3% em julho. O coeficiente de atividade foi diferente entre os intervalos de horário: teste de Friedman em janeiro (Fr(3)=20,5; p=0,001), março (Fr(3)=19,9; p=0,001), maio (Fr(3)=15,4; p=0,01) e julho (Fr(3)=17,1; p=0,005); sendo que nos primeiros intervalos da manhã os animais eram mais ativos do que à tarde (post-hoc p<0,01). O uso da região frontal do recinto era maior pela manhã, momento sem visitação pública, nos meses de...

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Bruxism is the harmful habit of clenching or grinding the teeth during the day and / or night, with unconscious pattern, with particular intensity and frequency, outside the functional movements of chewing and swallowing. It is accepted that bruxism is a response controlled by the neurotransmitters dopamine system associated with emotional component. The proposed of treatment of bruxism with acupuncture aims to stimulate sensory fibers of the peripheral nervous system leading to electrical transmission by neurons sufficient to produce changes in the central nervous system. As a consequence there is the release of substances (cortisol, endorphins, dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin) that promote wellness and restoration of harmony, be it psychological, biological and / or behavioral.

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The use of music and/or its elements (instruments, sound, rhythm, melody and harmony) in environments with people attended by public health centers, aims at promoting communication, facilitating the expression and the relationship in the first contact, hence favoring organization of standards and other relevant therapeutic objectives to assist physical, mental, social and cognitive needs of people, thus promoting the process of environmental adaptation, behavioral conditioning and social inclusion. The purpose of this project is to use music and its sound elements, as well as recreational activities, developed in stages called: socialization session, art workshop and complementary activities, with patients assisted at CAOE (Disabled People Dental Care Center) and their relatives. The objective is to provide them psychological wellbeing, inclusion to physical space, relaxation, stimulation of rhythmic and sonorous perceptions, memorization, emotions externalization, help and encouragement for the development of motor coordination during their daily activities of daily. Recreational activities, handling and contacting with musical instruments, broadcasting and producing sounds, stimulate cognitive capacity, interactivity and entertainment activities can greatly contribute to improve the behavioral reaction and adaptation of these patients, during their dental treatment.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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This study is resultant of the interview with the plastic artist Leda Catunda, when it emphasized for the feminine, the context and work’s creative process. For this, handle a ready of the technique and materials used in the work of artist into the reflection of the plastic language that prize the pictures and alternatives supports, assemblages that materially personifies itself in objects and topics from the popular culture.

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The interpersonal development can stimulate quality social relationship and promote people´s health. Interpersonal relationships are demanded by the university context, which requires the students to develop and to express socially skillful behaviors. However, diffi culties in interpersonal relationship in the university are common. Characterization studies can help the identifi cation of diffi culties and behavioral potentialities of students and promote effi cient trainings with college students This research aimed to: a) describe the prevalence of reports of university students who sought for psychological help, as the behavior called social skills, (b) identify the partners (family, boyfriend (a), friends, colleagues, teachers) with whom such responses are issued, (c) describe consequences reported by students that occur in the interaction with such parties. Data were obtained from semi structured interviews and IHS-Del Prette instrument. The interviews data were categorized by the analysis content and IHS-Del Prette data were computed according to concerning instructions. The outcomes describe potentialities and diffi culties that the students presented in relation to the social skills according to different aspects: university, work, love relationship, friends and family. The behaviors reported with higher frequency are related to speaking in public, talking to the partner about the relationship, speaking with friends and family members and fl irt. It was also observed that in all the categories the behaviors had as consequence more punishing than reinforcing events. The outcomes obtained of IHS-Del Prette found out that 50% of the sample showed [ok] poor social skills repertoire demanding training.

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The relationships between behavior problems and children social skills, such as the relevance of analysing these sides by report instruments had been emphasized in researches. It aims: a) to verify the components concerning to behavior problems and children social skills, which was identified through a undirected report instrument; b) to analyze the correlation of such indicators with ones detected by a directed report instrument and those ones referred in bibliography. The participants were 213 primary health carers of children in pre-school age (n = 114) and school age ones (n = 98). The results show that undirected and directed instruments are complementary to obtain informations. Besides, the combination of assessment modalities adds to the characterization of the behavioral repertoire.