Estudo de microscopia eletronica de varredura e transmiss��o de pregas vocais de idosos

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Estados emocionais e atividade f��sica em idosos: contribui����es da literatura brasileira

This study with qualitative nature aims to analyze the impact of external factors on mood states, considering physical activity as an important factor to improve not only the physical, but also psychological factors, especially when we think of the activities performed in-group. Thus, a literature review was conducted in order to investigate in books, journals, scientific papers published in magazines, newspapers and electronic platforms the influence of exercise on emotional states of elderly people. The terms used across the curriculum contributed to the conformity of ideas on the subject. By checking some researches, it can be seen that external factors such as music, local infrastructure, professional relationship with the elderly people and other factors have been suggested as possible influencers of humor in physical activity. Knowing the preferences beyond the close contact with the elderly student, is the best way to affect possible aspects of the activity beyond just preventing circumvention of activity, avoiding sedentary lifestyle that will bring risks to the health of the elderly people

Compara����o do efeito do per��odo de recupera����o da fadiga muscular no andar entre adultos jovens e idosos

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Influ��ncia do tempo sedent��rio na qualidade de vida e na percep����o dos estados de ��nimo em idosos fisicamente ativos

Introduction: Sedentary behavior is characterized by individuals who designed much of the day sitting or lying down activities, even if such conduct regular physical activity. Over the years people tend to be less active, worsening the quality of life. For healthy aging is necessary for the individual to be constantly active, and moving activities improve mood and quality of life, though little is known of the influence of sedentary behavior in these variables. Aim: To investigate the association between sedentary time, quality of life and mood states of elderly women engaged in physical activity. Methodology: The study included 68 elderly women who belong to the Physical Activity Program for the Elderly (PROFIT), for at least 6 months. These answered the Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire, the Pentacle Welfare and IPAQ Short Version. The Pep States List Reduced and Illustrated (LEA-RI) was applied before and after a workout and before and after three times of sedentary behaviors. To evaluate the difference of sedentary behavior time average for each domain of quality of life was conducted the analysis of the 95% confidence interval for the STATA program version 12.0 and to the moods list data a non-parametric test - test binomial using SPSS version 17.0 program and has adopted a p���0,05. Results: A moderate intensity physical activity was the most practiced (939.5 �� 650.2 min / week) and the activity most frequently performed in sedentary time was watching television (187.6 �� 96,4min / day). In general, the quality of life for the elderly is considered good (98.39%) and the disease is most prevalent hypertension (29.47%). After a physical activity older felt less useless, less shy and less fear and after a sedentary behavior, felt less agitated and less useless. In relation between the domains of QOL and sedentary behavior time, there were no statistical differences. Conclusion: Elderly active even after a sedentary behavior...

Efeito da altura do obst��culo na ultrapassagem de m��ltiplos obst��culos de idosos com doen��a de Parkinson

A doen��a de Parkinson (DP) acarreta em d��ficits sensoriais e comprometimentos motores, tornando mais desafiador a ultrapassagem de obst��culos. Trope��os durante a ultrapassagem de obst��culos �� um dos principais motivos das quedas de idosos com DP. A presen��a de obst��culos durante o andar �� comum no dia-a-dia das pessoas. Mudan��as na altura dos obst��culos podem gerar instabilidade durante a ultrapassagem do obst��culo, o que aumenta o risco de contato com o obst��culo e, consequentemente, o risco de trope��os e quedas. Ainda, ambientes mais complexos, por exemplo, com mais de um obst��culo, aumentam a exig��ncia dos sistemas sensorial, atencional e motor. Entretanto, at�� o momento, nenhum estudo analisou o andar de idosos com DP durante a ultrapassagem de mais de um obst��culo. O objetivo do presente estudo �� investigar a influ��ncia da ultrapassagem de dois obst��culos nos par��metros espaciais e temporais do andar de idosos com DP, considerando o efeito da altura do obst��culo (obst��culo baixo e alto). Participaram do estudo 20 idosos com DP com est��gio da DP at�� 3 na escala de Hoehn & Yahr. Na realiza����o da tarefa do andar, o idoso percorreu andando uma dist��ncia retil��nea de 8 m sobre uma passarela com 0,79 m de largura. A instru����o dada ao participante foi de realizar a tarefa de andar na sua velocidade preferida at�� o final da passarela. Cada participante realizou um total de 12 tentativas (3 tentativas para cada condi����o) nas seguintes condi����es: andar com ultrapassagem de um obst��culo de 5 cm; andar com ultrapassagem de um obst��culo de 15 cm; andar com ultrapassagem de dois obst��culos de 5 cm; andar com ultrapassagem de dois obst��culos de 15 cm. A ordem de apresenta����o dos blocos foi randomizadas entre os participantes. Os par��metros espa��otemporais do andar foram coletados por meio do GAITRite�� e um sistema optoeletr��nico, com frequ��ncia de 100 Hz. Os par��metros analisados foram comprimento (cm)...

Influ��ncia da m��sica preferida no desempenho e estados afetivos de idosos durante exerc��cio de intensidade auto-selecionada

Low adherence to physical exercise programs is a factor that contributes to the high rates of physical inactivity worldwide. In this sense, strategies to improve the affective responses during exercise are used to impact adherence, as the use of music and self-selected exercise intensity. Despite the benefits of these strategies, there are few studies involving the combination of both (self-selected intensity and music), especially in the elderly population. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of music on performance, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and on affective and motivational responses of elderly during walking exercise with self-selected intensity. Eleven elderly performed walking sessions on an athletic track in three conditions: without music, with motivational music and with oudeterous music. RPE, mood states, motivation, affective responses, session RPE and attitudes related to the experience of exercise were evaluated. Results demonstrated that both motivational and oudeterous music improved affective responses and decreased RPE. However, only the motivational music condition showed an effect on distance walked, the only presenting a consistent increase in distance. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of music, particularly motivational music, besides increasing the distance walked, reduces RPE and increase pleasure of the elderly during the exercise. Such strategy, in addition to potentially impact adherence positively, can lead to greater benefits and physical adaptations related to the training in the long term

Aposentadoria e exergames: uma revis��o integrativa da literatura sobre a possibilidade da pr��tica de atividades f��sicas por idosos por meio de exergame

The practice of physical exercise and the adopting of a healthy lifestyle are some of the ways to minimize the physiological and pathological changes associated with aging. Therefore, it is interesting to search for new technologies that encourage the elderly to practice physical activities, such as Exergames. In this study, an integrative review was carried out through electronic databases, journals and scientific journals searching for articles and publications that relate the use of exergames by retirees and testing the viability of these technologies towards this target public. A total of twenty-seven articles made part of the review. After analyzing the results, it's clear that exergames are one of the pertinent options to motivate this public to adhere in a healthier lifestyle, being able to improve the physical, cognitive abilities and improve emotional states of its practitioners, can vary the intensity of exercise in accordance with the personal limitations of each one. But certain care and adjustments need to be made before starting to practice them

Compara����o de dois m��todos de quantifica����o de carga interna de treinamento em idosos

Tradicionalmente a prescri����o de exerc��cios f��sicos �� baseada unicamente em rela����o �� carga externa. Entretanto, as adapta����es fisiol��gicas em fun����o do treinamento f��sico dependem da carga interna. Assim, a carga interna deve ser levada em considera����o para uma otimiza����o da prescri����o exerc��cios f��sicos, principalmente durante exerc��cios em grupos que normalmente s��o utilizados para a popula����o idosa. Por��m, o envelhecimento parece acarretar em deteriora����es na capacidade de interocep����o, colocando em questionamento a validade de um dos principais m��todos de quantifica����o da carga interna, o m��todo que utiliza a percep����o subjetiva de esfor��o (PSE). Desse modo, o objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar os m��todos de quantifica����o da carga interna que utilizam a frequ��ncia card��aca (FC), considerado o padr��o-ouro para o presente estudo, com o m��todo que utiliza a PSE na popula����o idosa. Quarenta idosos praticantes de gin��stica aer��bia (A) ou muscula����o (M) foram avaliados durante uma sess��o de exerc��cios f��sicos. A determina����o da carga interna pela FC e pela PSE foram realizadas atrav��s dos m��todos de Edwards e de Foster, respectivamente. Os valores de carga interna (expressos em unidades arbitr��rias) calculados pelo m��todo da FC e PSE foram 69,4 �� 40,0 e 151,5 �� 83,5 para o grupo M e 73,3 �� 37,1 e 134,7 �� 41,6 para o grupo A, respectivamente. O valor de carga interna para os dois grupos em conjunto foi de 71,3 �� 38,2 pelo m��todo da FC e de 143,1 �� 65,7 pela PSE. A rela����o entre os m��todos foi determinada usando-se o coeficiente de correla����o de Pearson para todos os participantes em conjunto (T), assim como para os grupos M e A. As correla����es encontradas foram de r = 0,33 (p < 0,05) para T, r = 0,37 (p = 0,11) para M e r = 0,32 (p = 0,17) para A. A moderada correla����o obtida coloca em quest��o a utiliza����o do m��todo da PSE para a quantifica����o de carga interna...

Qualidade de vida e atividade f��sica em idosos

The aims of this literature review were to analyze the relationship between elderly quality of life - by means of the verification of the major measure instruments - with the physical activity, the sensibility of these questionnaires to the physical activity and the relationship between the type of physical activity and the quality of life in older persons. Comparisons of papers selected by the key words quality of life, exercise, and aging, reveal the components of quality of life assessed by the WHOQOL-BREF and SF-36 questionnaires. Based on the searched literature, we can conclude that: (i) active elderly seems to have better subjective perception of their quality of life than non active older persons; (ii) experimental studies did not showed strong evidence about the effects of physical exercise in the subjective perception of quality of life; (iii) none of the questionnaires is sensible to the practice of physical activity; (iv) the studies' results about the relationship between the type of physical activity and the elderly quality of life are inconclusive

Recomenda����es para preven����o cl��nica: aspectos relevantes em idosos

The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) released a summary of the ���Recommendations for Clinical Preventive Services���. It is a publication based on ���Recommendations for Clinical Preventive Services��� published by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). These recommendations are provided only as an aid to physicians in making clinical decisions about the care of their patients. They reflect the clinic references existing at the time of publication. But its only should be used with the clear understanding that continued research may result in new knowledge and consequently there is a need for updates. Some recommendations of the USPSTF are important in clinical practice with the elderly.

Avalia����o nutricional e capacidade funcional de idosos institucionalizados em Botucatu/SP

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Infec����o do trato urin��rio adquirida em ambiente hospitalar em idosos

Introduction: Hospital-acquired urinary tract infection (HAUTI) is an important cause of morbidity in the elderly population. Objective: Evaluate the occurrence of HAUTI and risk factors associated with it. Method: This is a prospective study of a sample of 332 elderly people, interned in a university hospital. Criteria for defining infection were established by the Center for Diseases and Prevention Control. Statistical analysis of data used calculation of frequencies, odds ratio and logistic regression. The rate of hospital infection was 23.6%. The prevalent topographies of infection were respiratory infections (27.6%), urinary tract infections (26.4%) and surgical wound infections (23.6%, with 21, 20 and 19 episodes, respectively. The HAUTI incidence density associated with urinary catheterization was 24.2 infections by 1,000 catheter-days. The length of hospital stay of patients without nosocomial infection was 6.9 days and with HAUTI was increased in 10.4 (p<0.05).The rate of mortality of patients with HAUTI was 20%. Pathogens were isolated in 75% of episodes of HAUTI and the prevalent were: Escherichia coli (33%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%). Risk factors found for HAUTI were urinary catheterization implementation (odds ratio (OR) = 43.1; 95% confidence interval (95 CI%) = 3.9 ��� 311.1), hospitalization with community infection (OR= 21.9; 95% CI = 4.9 ��� 97.9); vascular diseases (OR=14; 95% CI = 2 ��� 98); diabetes mellitus (OR= 5.5; 95% CI = 1.4 ��� 21) and urinary catheterization by more than three days (OR=3.7; 95% CI = 1 ��� 13.8). Conclusions: HAUTI presented elevated incidence and it increased the length of hospital stay.

Estado nutricional e ocorr��ncia de hipertens��o arterial e de diabetes em idosos residentes e n��o residentes em institui����es geri��tricas

The aging process involves challenges in meeting social needs, economic and health. Physiopathological changes and socio-economic predispose the elderly population at nutritional risk. The monitoring of nutritional status predict some complications of obesity or malnutrition, and is a tool for health care. The objective to know the nutritional status and risk of chronic diseases of the elderly in geriatric institutions and volunteers. The elderly population of 3 geriatric institutions (n=122) and non-institutionalized elderly (n=75) were evaluated. The body mass index was evaluated according to Nutrition Screening Initiative. For waist circumference, was used the World Health Organization criteria. For statistical analysis, chi-square was used. A high proportion of obesity (46%) was observed. The underweight affects 4% and 20% of noninstitutionalized and institutionalized, respectively. The frequency of the risk of diseases associated with obesity was higher among non-institutionalized. Hypertension affects more than 50% of the elderly. The nutritional status was different between the two situations, with high incidence of overweight and visceral adiposity, in volunteers, and wasting among institutionalized. The data emphasize that it is necessary special attention and appropriate measures to prevent morbidity and mortality and to improve quality of life.

Avalia����o da qualidade de vida de idosos participantes e n��o participantes de grupo de conv��vio

P��s-gradua����o em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

Percep����o t��rmica de idosos

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)