Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne: A tropical medicinal plant with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in TNBS model of intestinal inflammation in rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Antidiarrheal and intestinal antiinflammatory activities of a methanolic extract of Qualea parviflora Mart. in experimental models

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cell cultures of Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. are richer sources of quinone-methide triterpenoids than plant roots in natura

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Multiple Ornamental Uses of Costus stenophyllus Standl. & LO Williams

Costus stenophyllus or bamboo costus, despite its high ornamental potential, is still little known in the cut flower and ornamental plant market. The bamboo costus is a spiral ginger admired for its beautiful stems that are lined with brown colored alternating bands. This costus has rather straight and upright stems. Conical red inflorescences, which resemble the head of a snake, emerge from the base of the plants. The flowers are light yellow and emerge between the red scales on the rather long-lasting, attractive inflorescences. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of using these species as a garden plant, cut flower and cut stem. Thus, the characterization was made based on 28 characters of the plant, the leaves, the flower stem, the flowers, as well as season blooming characteristics and flower postharvest longevity.

Evaluation of the Antihypertensive Properties of Yellow Passion Fruit Pulp (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Pollen morphology of Fridericia Mart. (Bignoniaceae) from Brazilian forest fragments

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estratégias de propagação de barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) e jatobazeiro do cerrado (Hymenaea stigonocarpa MART)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Leishmanicidal activity of Brosimum glaziovii (Moraceae) and chemical composition of the bioactive fractions by using high-resolution gas chromatography and GC-MS

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Investigação das atividades alelopática, fitotóxica e antioxidante de extratos e frações de Tridax procumbens L. (Asteraceae). e Ouratea spectabilis (mart. ex engl.) engl. (Ochnaceae)

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

A comparative evaluation of the CF:CS and CRS models in Pb-210 chronological studies applied to hydrographic basins in Brazil

The Constant Flux: Constant Sedimentation (CF:CS) and Constant Rate of Supply (CRS) of unsupported/excess Pb-210 models have been applied to a Pb-210 data set providing of eighteen sediments profiles sampled at four riverine systems occurring in Brazil, South America: Corumbatai River basin (S1=Site 1, Sao Paulo State), Atibaia River basin (S2=Site 2, Sao Paulo State), Ribeirao dos Bagres basin (S3=Site 3, Sao Paulo State) and Amazon River mouth. (S4=Site 4, Amapa State). These sites were chosen for a comparative evaluation of the performance of the CF:CS and CRS models due to their pronounced differences on the geographical location, geological context, soil composition, biodiversity, climate, rainfall, and water flow regime, among other variable aspects. However, all sediments cores exhibited a common denominator consisting on a database built from the use of the same techniques for acquiring the sediments major chemical composition (SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, K2O, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, MnO, P2O5, TiO2 and LOI-Loss on Ignition) and unsupported/excess 210Pb activity data. In terms of sedimentation rates, the performance of the CRS model was better than that of the CF:CS model as it yielded values more compatible with those expected from field evidences. Under the chronological point of view, the CRS model always provided ages within the permitted range of the Pb-210-method in the studied sites, whereas the CF:CS model predicted some values above 150 years. The SiO2 content decreased in accordance with the LOI increase in all cores analyzed and such inverse relationship was also tracked in the SiO2-LOI curves of historical trends. The SiO2-LOI concentration fluctuations in sites S1 and S3 also coincided with some Cu and Cr inputs in the drainage systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Changes in the aroma of organic passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) during ripeness

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Superação da dormência de sementes de Tucum (Astrocaryum huaimi Mart.)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of immersion for varying periods in different concentrations of gibberellic acid and separate methods of scarification on the germination of seeds tucum. In the first trial, testing different soaking periods (24 and 48 hours), different forms of soaking (fast and slow) and different concentrations of gibberellic acid (0, 100 and 200 mg L-(1)) compared to the control (water) under completely randomized design in a factorial 2x2x3. The second experiment evaluated the different scarification treatments being: physical (seed coat removal in the hilar region with the aid of a scalpel), chemical (sulfuric acid 98 PA for 2:04 minutes) and thermal (hot water at approximately 98 degrees C and cold water at about 2 degrees C for 4 minutes). In the first trial were evaluated % of contaminated seeds (seeds infected by microorganisms) and hard seeds (who did not start the germination process, but not soiled), and in the second we assessed germination percentage (%) every two days for three months; germination Speed Index (GSI), time to occurrence of 50 % germination (T50) and Emergency Speed Index (ESI). The use of gibberellic acid was ineffective in promoting germination of Tucum (Astrocaryum Huaimi Mart.). Scarification treatments were effective in promoting germination and emergence of seedlings in the nursery and the most efficient physical removal scarification of the seed coat in the hilar region with the highest percentage of germination.

Dinâmica da secreção de néctar em Zeyheria montana Mart. (Bignoniaceae) relacionada à atividade dos beija-fores polinizadores

The Cerrado is home to important biodiversity areas in the state of Sao Paulo. Therefore, research on the reproduction of species of this biome are essential to help conservation programs. Pollination is the main mechanism by which outcrossing plants perpetuate their populations, and the attractive, such as nectar, are of vital importance to many anthophilous animals and essential to the maintenance of interactions with pollinators. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate the ecological dynamics of secretion and sugar composition of floral nectar in Zeyheria montana, an ornithophilous exclusive Cerrado species, visited preferentially by Colibri serrirostris, also exclusive to this biome. This dynamic was assessed in isolated flowers in pre-anthesis, using microsyringes to collect nectar and manual refractometer to measure the concentration. Experiments were carried out to evaluate production throughout anthesis, including the assessment of total daily production, the effect of successive removal, the rate of production during the day and night and changes in concentration and composition of sugars, which was performed in HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). The rate of nectar production was about three times greater at night with a concentration two times lower, resulting in a supply of large amounts of dilute nectar in the early morning hours, peak of visitation for hummingbirds. Moreover, the production of nectar was more pronounced before the anthesis, and is available to visitors already in newly opened flowers, which are preferentially visited by C. serrirostris. There was an increase in the nectar production of flowers in the group with successive manual removal upon the control group, suggesting that the withdrawal by visitors stimulates the production, ensuring the availability of the resource including flowers previously visited... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Variabilidade e diversidade genética de populações de Ocotea notata (Nees & Mart.) Mez (Lauraceae)

O presente trabalho analisou os parâmetros genéticos populacionais de variabilidade e diversidade genética de diferentes populações de Ocotea notata (Nees & Mart.) Mez, através de marcadores de DNA do tipo ISSR (Inter Single Sequence Repeats). Para tanto, foram amostrados 243 indivíduos de 12 populações selecionadas na Bahia e Espírito Santo, que ocorrem em campos rupestres e vegetações de restinga, a saber, morfotipos de Ocotea glaucina (Meisn.) Mez: Morro do Chapéu: populações do Tabuleiro dos Guaribas, Ferro Doido, Cria Bode e Lajes; Umburanas; Jacobina; Lençóis: população da Serra das Paridas, e os morfotipos de O. notata, Esplanada: população de Baixios; Salvador: população das Dunas do Abaeté, Alcobaça, Mucuri, e Vila Velha, ES: população de Jacarenema. O DNA total já se encontrava extraído e quantificado em gel de agarose. Foram testados 20 primers de ISSR (University of British Columbia), dos quais quatro apresentaram resultados adequados para as análises, a saber: Manny, Mao, John e UBC 844. A otimização dos protocolos de reações de PCR foi feita no Laboratório de Evolução Molecular, da UNESP de Rio Claro, com a execução das reações de PCR para cada um dos primers, para cada população, e subsequentemente foram feitas as análises dos resultados sob o arcabouço teóricometodológico da genética de populações. A Análise de Variância Molecular (AMOVA) indicou que 23% da variabilidade ocorre entre populações dentro de regiões e 76% entre indivíduos dentro de populações, com variação significativa de 1% ocorrendo entre regiões (populações de Restinga vs. Campos Rupestres)

Variação sazonal do acúmulo de carboidratos e área foliar específica em Styrax ferrugineus Ness & Mart., Styrax camporum pohl. e Styrax pohlii a. dc. (Styracaceae) em áreas do cerrado paulista

Cerrado é o segundo bioma brasileiro em biodiversidade e um dos mais ameaçados de extinção pelo desmatamento, por ser uma das últimas fronteiras agrícolas do planeta. Visando contribuir para o entendimento, preservação e exploração racional desse bioma conduziu-se um estudo utilizando três espécies da família Styracaceae: Styrax ferrugineus Ness & Mart., Styrax camporum Pohl. e Styrax pohlii A. DC. O objetivo foi quantificar e medir os teores de açúcares redutores (carboidratos livres totais) e não redutores (sacarose) e de amido foliar em indivíduos adultos de Styrax ferrugineus, Styrax camporum e Styrax pohlii durante a estação úmida (fevereiro/2011), o outono (maio/2011), a estação seca (agosto/2011) e o período de retomada das chuvas (outubro/2011). Testou-se a hipótese básica fundamental de que os referidos congêneres de Styrax alteram sazonalmente os teores de carboidratos solúveis, sacarose e amido nas folhas, assim como seus valores da área foliar específica (AFE). Para tal, as principais perguntas foram: Qual espécie tem um desempenho mais modulado pela sazonalidade?; Em qual época do ano os congêneres apresentam significativa redução dos teores de carboidratos?; Existe correlação entre AFE e teores de carboidratos?. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à analise variância e suas médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5 % de probabilidade. A baixa disponibilidade hídrica na estação seca alterou o metabolismo de carboidratos solúveis e o conteúdo de amido da parte aérea, sobretudo para S. camporum e S. pohlii. Já S. ferrugineus, bem adaptada ao Cerrado s. str., mostrou menor relação causal entre as estações e a concentração de amido na folha. As três espécies também alteraram sua AFE, correspondendo com a sazonalidade e o local de maior ocorrência, uma vez que S. camporum e S. pohlii apresentaram menor AFE no inverno. No entanto dados de S. ferrugineus indicam que no inverno suas...