240 resultados para Radiografia bucal : Diagnostico


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Entre as diversas anomalias dentárias, a giroversão dental constitui uma anomalia de grande prevalência, na qual o dente realiza rotação em torno do seu próprio eixo. No exame radiográfico panorâmico é possível verificar a presença de giroversão, porém, quando a dinâmica de giro do eixo do equipamento não coincide com a curvatura da maxila e mandíbula, a imagem dos dentes apresenta-se girovertida ou com apinhamento dental. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar se as giroversões dentais presentes nas radiografias panorâmicas são verdadeiras ou apenas “virtuais”. Foram selecionadas 71 radiografias panorâmicas com imagens sugestivas de dentes girovertidos, de pacientes que também possuíam a documentação da cavidade bucal por fotografia e modelo de estudo. A média de idade dos pacientes avaliados foi 15 anos de idade. A imagem radiográfica panorâmica, fotografia e modelo de estudo foram avaliadas por um único examinador. Na avaliação das radiografias panorâmicas foram encontradas 246 dentes girovertidos. Porém, ao avaliar a fotografia e o modelo de estudo destes pacientes comprovou-se apenas 127 dentes com giroversão. Estes resultados indicam uma correspondência clinica/radiográfica de 51,4 %, ou seja, 48,6% das giroversões identificadas radiograficamente, eram “virtuais”. Pode-se concluir que o diagnóstico de giroversão dental utilizando a radiografia panorâmica deve ser confirmado pelo exame clínico para evitar diagnósticos falsos positivos.

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Paracoccidioidomycosis and aspergillosis are, respectively, mycosis caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Aspergillus fumigatus fungi, which, most frequently, attack the lungs and later spread to other body regions. The association between both mycosis is rare in patients that do not present immunosuppression. A 49-year-old man presented with oral lesion, besides lesions on palatum, retromolar and oropharyngeal regions. Histopathological and microbiological exams confirmed the diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis associated to aspergillosis. Historically, fungi have been considered as the cause of relatively important infections, but, in the last years, a significant increase of diseases caused by fungi is evidenced. The recognition of the etiological agent in culture is important for the suitable treatment, once these fungi can cause irreversible damages or even death. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate, through the case of a patient who presented both mycosis associated, the need of complementary exams for the diagnosis of oral diseases, when routine laboratorial exams indicate the presence of another disease associated.

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In general the human breath doesn't have smell or it is so only lightly perceptible to the surrounding ones, varying of pleasant the unpleasant, being taken in consideration the sensibility of the person. Halitosis or bad breath doesn't truly represent a disease, being present in a considerable portion of the population. Ethiologically exist several involved factors, could make an appointment breathing, gastric intestinal, organic and psychic disturbances and mainly oral factors, being the microbial colonization of the tongue the most common, beside the pathological situations involving periodontitis, as necrotizing ulcerative gengivitis. For representing a true obstacle biopsicossocial, the halitosis it influences directally in the family life, work, the patients' atmosphere social, being its diagnosis specific, demanding in certain occasions treatment multidisciplinar. In that sense, the present study if report to a literary revision of the theme, approaching the main aspects of the development of the halitosis, as well as its biological origin and its clinical implications.

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Enteric organisms, pseudomonads and other opportunistic microorganisms in the oral microbiota have been linked to serious infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU). The present study evaluated the presence of family Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii in the mouth of patients in ICU, correlating it with oral and systemic conditions. Data on health, socioeconomic status, medication use, drug addiction, medical and family histories of patients held for more than 72 hours in the ICU with a diagnosis of severe infection or that developed this condition after entry in said unit were obtained. Fifty patients provided clinical samples of supragingival and subgingival biofilms, saliva and oral mucous membranes were collected, as well as respiratory secretions from patients with pneumonia, blood and urine for sepsis. The presence of target microorganisms was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by culture using selective media. The Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was 5%. The intraoral clinical conditions of the patients were poor. The family Enterobacteriaceae was the most prevalent, affecting 39.5% of the supragingival biofilm samples of patients attended in ICU and 18.6% of patients in the control group, besides the rods were the only group found in extraoral samples.

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Patients with Down syndrome have varying degrees of mental retardation, physical and motor, and apparently are more susceptible to infectious diseases. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in saliva and subgingival biofilms and above of children and adolescents with Down syndrome and analyze the influence of diet, socioeconomic and cultural factors and periodontal condition. After assessing the socio-economic and behavioral, were collected clinical specimens, which were transported to the laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology FOA-UNESP for detection of microorganisms by molecular method and periodontal conditions were evaluated according to the Periodontal Screening Index and Recording. The control group consisted of individuals without the syndrome. The results were analyzed by chi-square test for proportion analysis of variables with three or more categories, or the Mann-Whitney test. The data analysis of this study showed that the occurrence of A. actinomycetemcomitans ranged from 0.0% to 25.0%, both in the group of patients with Down syndrome, as for the control group and this was not affected by socioeconomic characteristics of the target population, either by oral hygiene standards

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The family is primarily responsible for shaping behavior in oral hygiene and nutrition of children, and cultural and psychosocial factors can influence this process. Thus, we carried out this study with the aim of presenting evidence from the literature on the subject. We reviewed the databases Bireme, Pubmed and Medline without restriction of year of publication. Used as descriptors "education," "care," "behavior," "oral health" and "food habits". We emphasize the responsibility of the family practices, values and beliefs of oral health and nutrition as well as the importance of shared care between family and professionals.

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Introduction: much studies regarding risk factors associated with oral cancer. Factors such as smoking and alcohol and solar radiation are well established, but others, such as bacterial influence in the development or progression of a tumor still remain unexplained. Interest in the possible relationship between bacteria and different stages of cancer development has increased since the classification of H. pylori by the WHO as a definite carcinogen. Subsequently, links between infection and the onset of cancer in various sites in the body were discovered. Review of literature: this literature review attempts to show the influence of poor oral hygiene, with consequent bacterial accumulation as a possible important risk factor for the initiation and development of mouth cancer, and correlate the possible mechanisms by which bacteria can initiate or promote carcinogenesis. Conclusion: there is much evidence that bacteria in the oral cavity and periodontopathic are present in tumor tissue, however, still can not affirm that these bacteria initiate or promote carcinogenesis.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Odontologia Preventiva e Social - FOA

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Os peptídeos têm sido amplamente estudados e demonstrados como uma estratégia promissora no combate a micro-organismos patogênicos, devido aos inovadores mecanismos de ação que apresentam e a menor indução de resistência nos microorganismos. Os peptídeos da família das Histatinas, naturalmente presentes na saliva humana, são os principais agentes que auxiliam na cicatrização e oclusão de feridas, re-epitelização e, além disso, dispõem de mecanismos de ação contra microorganismos, em especial, a Candida albicans. O agente etiológico da Candidiose bucal é a Candida albicans, um patógeno de origem fúngica, que acomete indivíduos de todas as idades, indivíduos imunologicamente debilitados e, especialmente, os usuários de próteses dentárias. Um importante fator de virulência da Candida albicans é a habilidade de formar biofilmes, estrutura comunitária microbiana revestida por exopolissacarídeos, capaz de aderir-se a superfícies lisas. Os biofilmes associam-se com a capacidade de causar infecções, com o desenvolvimento de resistência contra o sistema imune do hospedeiro e contra os antifúngicos. O uso indiscriminado e a exposição prolongada aos antifúngicos induz o surgimento de resistência a esses medicamentos, além disso existem cepas de Candida albicans resistentes ao tratamento com antifúngicos azólicos. Devido a isso surge a necessidade de desenvolvimento de novos alvos terapêuticos. O objetivo desse estudo consiste no desenvolvimento de análogos da Histatina-5 com algumas modificações estruturais, a fim de potencializar a ação terapêutica já comprovada dos peptídeos da família das Histatinas. A Histatina-5GH apresenta maior carga positiva que os demais peptídeos devido a troca de duas glicinas na estrutura da Histatina-5 por duas histidinas. Por sua vez, a Histatina-5SC possui o resíduo de serina C-terminal substituído por...