Soro ácido de leite associado a doses de nitrogênio em cobertura na cultura do milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Efeito da cobertura do solo com palhiço de cana-de-açúcar na emergência de monocotiledôneas infestantes em campo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Culturas de cobertura, residual de nitrogênio e reaplicação de calcário em sistema plantio direto: cultura da soja

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Biofertilizante bovino, cobertura morta e revestimento lateral dos sulcos na produção de pimentão

The adoption of management practices that reduce water losses is essential to conserve moisture and improve soil temperature, especially in arid and semiarid environments of the Brazilian Northeast, characterized by high evapotranspiration and the adoption of irrigation with saline water, which harms growth and yield of commercial crops. Given these factories, an experiment was conducted in Nova Floresta, Paraiba, from August 2010 to February 2011 in Oxisoil, in order to evaluate the production of bell pepper and soil moisture in grooves with side trim, and application of biofertilizer and mulch cattle. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications using a factorial 2 x 2 x 2 for the ground beef with and without biofertilizer, with and without residues of sisal fiber (Agave sisalana), with and without the side facing the grooves, to reduce lateral water losses by infiltration of water with polyethylene plastic film. From the results, the lining of the lateral grooves provided higher values of soil moisture, number of fruits, fruit mass, plant production and productivity, bell pepper plants. It was also found that the combination of biofertilizer and mulch the ground beef remained wetter in the first 15 cm depth.

Cobertura e depósito de calda fitossanitária em plantas de café pulverizadas com equipamento original e adaptado para plantas altas

The objective of this study was to evaluate the coverage of spray droplets on coffee plants as well as their deposition using a sprayer with and without adaptation of an auxiliary branch for tall plants. The experiment was conducted following a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications to evaluate the percentage of coverage for the spraying liquids in water sensitive paper fixed at four quadrants and two heights (lower and upper) of the plants, and the spray deposit with metallic marker (MnSO4) on sheets in the same positions of the water sensitive paper in two spray volumes (450 and 750 L h(-1)). The experiment was conducted in October 2011 in the town of Patroc nio-MG, and the experimental plots consisted of 30 plants of Catua IAC-99, with approximately 12 years of age and average height of 3.50 meters. The experiments were conducted following a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications to evaluate the coverage and deposition, in two spray volumes (450 and 750 L ha(-1)). Leaves were collected in four positions and also at the top four in the lower canopy. The results of the evaluations were analysed statistically by F test and for comparison of means by Tukey test at 5% probability. The auxiliary branch installed at the rear of the equipment is the most suitable when compared to use of equipment without this feature or installed in the front of the equipment. Furthermore, the application volume of 450 L ha(-1) results in coverages and deposits of spraying liquids equivalents to volume of 750 L ha(-1), considered sufficient according to the parameters evaluated.

Produção de repolho em função de doses e fontes de potássio em cobertura

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of rates and sources of potassium in top dressing on yield of cabbage hybrid Kenzan. Two experiments were conducted (15/07 to 22/11/2010 and 28/09/2010 to 27/01/2011) and nine treatments, resulted from a factorial 4 rates (45; 90; 135 and 180 kg ha(-1) of K2O) x 2 sources (KCl and K2SO4) + 1 control (without K in top dressing) were evaluated at randomized block design, with 4 replicates. After the harvest, fresh and dry weight of cabbage head and of external leaves; leaf number (from cabbage and external); diameter and height of cabbage head were evaluated. It was evaluated soil chemical characteristics at the end of first experiment and content of macro and micronutrients in plants. It was observed that potassium rates and sources did not influence most of evaluated characteristics. K content in plant increased linearly with KCl application. Results obtained show that, probably, it is not necessary application of K in top dressing when base fertilization is done with this nutrient, besides existing recommendations for this crop.

Estimativa da necessidade de nitrogênio em cobertura no feijoeiro IAC Alvorada com clorofilômetro portátil

The aims of this study was evaluated the efficiency of nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI) calculated with base on the measures relative chlorophyll index (RCI) leaves, measured with portable chlorophyll meter, as an indicator of time of sidedressing N fertilization and verify which value of NSI (90% and 95%) is the most appropriate to indicate the moment of N fertilization on common bean cultivar IAC Alvorada. An experiment with five N managements (M1: 200 kg ha(-1) N (40 kg at sowing + 80 kg at 15 days after emergency (DAE) + 80 kg 30 DAE); M2: 100 kg ha(-1) N (20 kg at sowing + 40 kg at 15 DAE + 40 kg at 30 DAE); M3: 20 kg ha(-1) N at sowing + 30 kg ha(-1) when chlorophyll meter readings indicated NSI < 95%; M4: 20 kg ha(-1) N at sowing + 30 kg N ha(-1) N when chlorophyll meter readings indicated NSI <90% and, M5: control (without N application)) and four replications was carried out in the rainy and dry growing seasons of the agricultural year 2009/10, in Botucatu, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The variables RCI, aboveground dry matter, leaf N concentration, yield components, grain yield, and N use efficiency were evaluated. The NSI of 90%, calculated based on monitoring of RCI in common bean leaves with chlorophyll meter, was more effective than 95% to define need for N sidedressing in common bean cultivar IAC Alvorada, reducing the N application and improving the use efficiency of applied N.

Evapotranspiração e eficiência do uso da água no primeiro ciclo produtivo da figueira 'Roxo de valinhos' submetida a cobertura morta

Evaluated the evapotranspiration (ETc) and the efficiency of water use (USA) by the fig tree 'Purple Valinhos' submitted to irrigation and mulching (bagacilho of sugar cane crushed) in the first production cycle, at conditions of Botucatu, St. Paul. We used the method of soil water balance and to obtain the reference evapotranspiration method was used Montheit FAO Penman 56. For the assessment of crop coefficients (kc) we adopted the following phenological distribution: phase 1 - between transplanting and 20% of the vegetative (DV), ii) phase 2 - 20 to 80% DV, and iii) phase 3 - fruiting. Observe the cumulative ETc 409.4 and 465.8 mm in 254 days after transplanting (DAT) and averages of 1.47 and 1.67 mm day(-1), with and without mulching (CC and SC). The crop coefficients (kc) mediums were 0.16, 0.43 and 0.49 for SC and 0.18, 0.44 and 0.50 for CC, in phases 1 and 3, respectively. The EUA values decrease with increasing the volume of water received and ranged between 1.65 and 3.32 kg of green figs per m(3) of water for irrigated SC and CC.

Doses de nitrogênio em cobertura no feijoeiro em sucessão a gramíneas no cultivo de inverno-primavera

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Plantas de cobertura para o noroeste do estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Determinação de áreas prioritárias para o restabelecimento da cobertura florestal, apoiada no uso de geotecnologias

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Crescimento radicular de espécies utilizadas como cobertura decorrente da compactação do solo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito da estrutura espacial de cobertura arbórea na comunidade de aves em parques urbanos no município de Jundiaí, SP

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

Doses e épocas de aplicação de potássio na cultura da soja em sucessão a plantas de cobertura

Potassium (K) is the second nutrient that is required in larger amounts by soybean crop. With the use of high doses of that nutrient and increase of no-tillage areas in last years, some changes occurred in ways of this nutrient application, as well as the introduction of cover crops in the system for straw formation. Due those facts, the aim with this work was to study doses and times of potassium application for soybean sowed as succession for cover crops in no-tillage system, in a clayey Distrofic Red Latosol, in cerrado region. The experimental design was a randomized block with treatments arranged in 3x3x5 factorial scheme, with the following factors, cover crops: Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) and a control (fallow area), rates of K2O (0, 50 e 100 kg ha(-1)) and K2O application forms (100% in the cover crops; 100% at sowing of soybean; 100% in topdressing in soybean; 50% at sowing cover crops + 50% at soybean sowing; 50% at soybean sowing + 50% in topdressing in the soybean) with four replicates. The Pennisetum glaucum as soybean predecessor crop yields higher dry matter content than the Panicum miliaceum in a short period of time. In clay soil with high content of potassium there was no response to the applied potassium levels. Full doses of potassium maintenance fertilization can be applied in the predecessor cover crop, at sowing or topdressing in soybean crop.

Ácidos graxos da gordura de cobertura do contrafilé de bovinos Nelore e Canchim terminados em confinamento e alimentados com diferentes níveis de concentrado nas dietas

The objective was to evaluate fatty acids composition of the back fat in loin meat (Longissimus muscle) from Nellore and Canchim young bulls. The animals were finished at feedlot and received sugar cane diets with two concentrate levels (40 and 60% of dry matter). The concentrates were formulated with sunflower grains, corn, soybean meal, dry sugar cane yeast, urea and mineral mixture. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with a 2x2 factorial arrangement (genetic group x concentrate level), and the results were submitted to the variance analysis and means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability, when the interaction was significant. The loin backfat of Nellore bulls had higher concentration of conjugated linoleic acids than Canchim bulls (0.86 and 0.59%, respectively). On the other hand, the loin back fat of Canchim bulls had higher concentrations of estearic (17.07%) and linoleic acids (2.40%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids than Nellore bulls, that showed values of 13.47 and 1.44%, respectively. The Nellore and Canchim loin back fat presents significant amounts of beneficial fatty acids to human health. Levels of 40 and 60% of concentrate in the diet did not alter the fatty acids composition of loin backfat.