Modelagem matemática e simulação computacional de derrames de óleo em corpos d'água: um estudo de caso na região do Porto de Santos

The objective of this work is to accomplish studies of mathematical modeling and computational simulation of oil spills in water bodies. For this reason, a case study in the region of the Port of Santos was developed using the softwares SisBAHIA and ADIOS2 for the simulation of different hypothetical scenarios of oil spilling on the surface of water, aiming to obtain information that contribute to the reduction of the possible environmental impacts that can be caused by such accidents. The results generated in the different simulations had shown that the obtained data can be extremely useful to subsidize the elaboration of mitigation plans, the mapping of risk areas or even the proposal of emergencial strategies in cases of real accidents, configuring the modeling and the simulation as important and modern tools for the environmental planning and management.

Planejamento ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do córrego Embirí – UGRHI Pontal do Paranapanema – São Paulo: inventário e diagnóstico

This study aimed to contribute to the environmental planning of the watershed Embirí stream - UGRHI Pontal Paranapanema (belonging to the Paranapanema Management unit) in the cities of Presidente Prudente and Regente Feijó, São Paulo. This basin is located in the area of the Santo Anastácio river source, responsible for supplying water to about 30% of the population of Presidente Prudente. The methodological procedures based on Leal (1995) and Rodriguez et al. (2004), and the steps include inventory and diagnosis of the basin. We conducted extensive literature review, cartographic and documentary on the subject area of research, field work, preparation of thematic maps and summary chart of physical units and environmental use and land cover, participatory mapping of environmental risks, quality analysis of water. Most of the basin of the stream of twine had a high environmental fragility and the main problems found were lack of riparian vegetation, erosion, siltation of water bodies, irregular disposal of debris and the dumping of sewage. The results were summarized in the diagnosis and can identify the most important environmental impacts, environmental and spatial weaknesses of the legislation, and thus draw up proposals for action to the area that is substantially degraded

Diagnóstico ambiental da área de influência do distrito industrial de Rio Claro - SP

Economic activities, whether large or small, can cause a range of environmental changes, not always reversible, harming society and its quality of life. Many potentially polluting activities have already been installed in various Brazilian cities, just as at the industrial district of Rio Claro / SP, which allow the synthesis of the many environmental impacts. In this sense, this report aims to make an environmental assessment in the influence area of the industrial district of Rio Claro / SP, located in the urban area of the city. As a result, the existence of prior related studies was observed, especially the diagnosis and study of the many implications that arises from activities impacting, and further, there was a demarcation of the influence area of the district and its derivatives impacts in the influence area, the steps of prediction and mitigation measures and if these activities meet the minimum technical requirements in planning and environmental applicable legislation.

Auxílio do geoprocessamento para a geração do mapa de suscetibilidade à erosão: o caso do córrego Mandu, Rio Claro/SP

The mining of sand, currently, is essential for urban growth, by providing input for the building industry. The consequences of this mining activity to environmental triggers may be severe and irreversible. Among the major impacts caused by sand mining the riparian vegetation removal is detached. The riparian vegetation is essential for balance and maintaining the local ecosystem. For all that had been shown, is possible to verify the importance of environmental studies in areas wich there are mining. This study aimed specially to assess environmental impacts triggered by a mining, located near the headwaters of the stream Mandu, situated in Ajapi, District of Rio Claro-SP. For this purpose, we used remote sensing techniques and GIS to produce thematic maps of slope, pedology, geology, land use and occupation of the soil, and riparian vegetation, using the capabilities of GIS / ArcGIS. The slope map was based on data from the Cartographic IGC 1979, scale 1:10,000. For the production of pedological and geological maps were used Semi-Detailed soil survey of the state of São Paulo, 1981 (1:100,000) and the Geological Map of Zaine (1994), scale 1:50,000, respectively. Since the maps of Use and Land Occupation and Riparian Forest were obtained by visual interpretation of the image of CBERS 2010 following the merger between the HRC and CCD images. From these mappings, and through multi-criteria analysis, map of susceptibility to erosion was made, which supported the environmental assessment of the studied area, indicating susceptible and unsuitable areas for the deployment of economic activities and urban sprawl. This study serves as a model can be replicated in other watersheds, assisting in the proper use planning and land use, aiming at the rational use of natural resources

Patrimônio natural e cultural em uma área de expansão urbana: o caso da Granja Carolina - Cotia/Itapevi - SP

El objectivo del trabajo fue analisar los impactos ambientales y sociales de las politicas publicas y de la especulación imobiliária sobre las áreas remanescientes de la vegetación nativa en la Granja Carolina. Con base en la definición del Património Cultural y Património Natural, fue abordado el proceso de formación desa región oeste de la metrópole, especificamente en lo entorno de la Granja Carolina situada entre los municipios de Cotia y Itapevi. La identificación deses problemas y la realización de un estudio sobre el modelo de la ocupación y el uso de lo solo urbano permitiu identificar su grau de vulnerabilidad a los impactos traydos por la expansión urbana. Para lo entendimiento de tais cuestiones analisamos lo proyecto y lo EIA/RIMA de um empreendimiento imobiliario que si pretendia instalar em la área de estúdio. Entendese también que el planejamiento territorial debe conter el debate sobre la protección del Património Cultural y Natural, cuestiones también pertinentes em el campo de la Geografía

Desenvolvimento regional e sustentabilidade: a indústria intensiva em recursos naturais na região administrativa de Ribeirão Preto

The natural resource intensive industries have moved from center to periphery in Brazil. This shift is related to the environmental impacts generated by this type of industry, as occur biggest benefits to these industries in small towns as tax exemptions and donations of land, and local institutional capacity is lower in pollution control. In the 1970s began, in the state of São Paulo, a process of industrial deconcentration of Metropolitan Region of São Paulo to the inside of state, which generated an intense industrialization of the region of Campinas, Ribeirão Preto, Sorocaba e São José dos Campos. This process of industrial deconcentration had support in state policies restricting new industries in the Metropolitan Region and the creation and financing of infrastructure and improvement of road. This research project aims to verify whether there has been a shift of natural resource intensive industries for the Administrative Region of Ribeirão Preto, as well as aspects of the sustainability of this process

Diagnóstico ambiental do Córrego Bandeirantes, município de Rio Claro, SP: parâmetros biológicos e metais-traço

This study was conducted to verify water quality and environmental impacts related to the occupation of the watershed of the Bandeirantes stream, located in Rio Claro, SP. The intention is to propose measures to enable the mitigation of negative impacts, and boosting the recovery and maintenance of the quality of water resources, preventing its complete degradation. Water analysis were performed at three different points, east, crossing the Ring Road (dirt road) and near the confluence with the Ribeirão Claro. The results indicated significant degradation of water, especially after the crossing, where it witnessed the accumulation of solid waste and easy access to the stream, both for animals as for people, due to limited riparian it. Another impact was observed the current construction of the Forum of Rio Claro in the right side of the stream studied, causing change in the landscape, change the flow properties and removal of existing vegetation at the site of work, defined as an environmentally protected area, as determined by existing law. Measures such as: restoration of riparian zones, effluent treatment, planned urban growth and environmental education of the population, would be essential to mitigate the environmental impacts of watershed Bandeirantes stream

Tratamento de efluentes provenientes de abatedouro de bovinos por meio de reator enzimático seguido de reator aeróbio operado em bateladas sequenciais

Brazil has one of the largest cattle herds in the world, so the cattle slaughter is one of the most important economic activities in the Brazilian market. But this activity requires a high demand of water, resulting in serious problems about the correct disposal of wastewater generated in the process. This effluent has a high pollution load, becoming its receiving bodies (streams and rivers) unfit for various activities such as public water supply, recreation, fisheries. To minimize the environmental impacts of its industrial wastewater and fallow the local environmental legislation, refrigerators must make the treatment of these effluents. This study aimed to verify the efficiency of a enzymatic reactor, when occur hydrolysis of lipids present in the effluent industrial of an cattle slaughter industry. The treatment system used was composed of two separate reactors: one being the anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR), inoculated with immobilized enzymes on the matrix support, and the other by sequential batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with activated sludge. Whereas, the reactors have been developed and installed at the Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, UNESP, campus Presidente Prudente. The procedure operating occurred differently for each reactor: preparation and inoculation of enzyme granules, filling the reactor, hydrolysis, and AFBR emptying, filling, aerobic reaction, sedimentation, and emptying the SBR. We performed three experimental stages, with the first and second stage of the work were done reactor analyzes separately, and the third step of the analysis were made with the interconnected reactors... (Complete abstract electronic access below)

Variação temporal e espacial da taxa de sedimentação e das características limnológicas na microbacia do córrego da Barrinha, no município de Pirassununga, SP

Studies regarding the quality and quantity of water have become more and more important because of the increasing negative environmental impacts occurred and their scarcity increase as well. At the Center of Tropical Fish Research (Centro de Pesquisas de Peixes Tropicais - CEPTAlIBAMA) located in the city of Pirassununga, SP, there is a dam named Represa Velha which supplies 128 tanks that are fish hatcheries. This dam takes in part of the Barrinha stream micro-basin where it has been observed strong impacts due to the deforestation of its support forest, as well an the intensive agricultural activities in the neighboring areas. There has been established and distributed 13 points of water-collectors disposed inside the stream and the dam. The water samples were taken from the stream only from its surface because of the low depth and, inside. In the dam, the water samples were taken at the water column, at a 50cm distance over the sediment. In every point of collection inside the dam, it was placed a chamber of sedimentation, vertically in the water column at a 70% height from the total depth. The collections took place during the dry/cold and raining/warm periods of the years 2000 and 2001. Then, it were analyzed the physical, physical-chemical, chemical and micro-biological parameters of the water samples. The obtained results were statistically analyzed throughout the SAS system (Statistical Analisys System). Parameters such as total phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and turbidity were within the established limits for the Class 2 water, according to the n° 20/1986 CONAMA Resolução. However, the total and Escherichia coli coliforms, mainly inside the Barrinha stream, had showed values above of the established limits for the same... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Estudo da produção de hidrogênio eletrolítico a partir de fontes eólica, solar e hidrelétrica

Introduces technical, economic and environmentally competitive solutions in the energy market is a great challenge for society. This work examines each of these aspects considering the production of electrolytic hydrogen with energy from wind power, solar and hydropower, in order to ensure an overview of this energy carrier. Initially, an assessment of the technical aspects is made addressing existing electrolysers technologies, its main characteristics and differences. The geographical distribution of wind, solar and hydroelectric potential in Brazil is also mapped, and a configuration scheme of a hydrogen production system is discussed. Subsequently, the economic analysis calculates the cost of investment in the alkaline electrolyser of 60 Nm³ / h, similar to the Brazilian bus powered by hydrogen project, coordinated by EMTU. Since the main input of electrolysis is electricity, is analyzed the latest energy auctions of each primary source and it is calculated the cost of production of the wind, solar and hydropower hydrogen. Postponed to this, are investigated the intrinsic environmental impacts of electricity generation process, proposing a readjustment of an indicator of ecological efficiency for the production of hydrogen. Finally, the work discusses the concept of externalities and demonstrates how the incorporation of external costs can leverage the hydrogen economy. In short, it is evident that the wind and hydroelectric hydrogens are more promising compared to solar hydrogen, whether in the economic aspect, because it achieved lower costs, whether in the environmental aspect, because it reached the highest ecological efficiency

Mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Bonito, municípios de Avaré e Itatinga-SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização gênica para uma anomalia de Eucalyptus em fase inicial de desenvolvimento

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética) - IBB

Impacto da construção de Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétricas (PCHs) sobre a comunidade de macroinvertebrados aquáticos associados a pedrais: um estudo de caso no rio Sapucaí-Mirim (SP)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Validação de técnicas moleculares para o diagnóstico de bactérias em peixes, visando redução de tempo e custo

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV

Diversidade bacteriana em solos, vinhaça e semicompostagem relacionados ao cultivo de cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária - FCAV