Coesão e coerência: discursos da linguística e da mídia

Esse trabalho analisa as refrações do discurso pedagógico que, em diálogo com outros discursos, como os da mídia e da linguística, reflete-os, além de ressignificá-los. Mais especificamente, trata-se da ressignificação que os discursos pedagógicos, postos em diálogo com os discursos da mídia, fazem de conceitos da lingüística; para essa análise tem-se como foco os conceitos de coesão e coerência, esses conceitos são critérios de avaliação dos textos. Quando retirados de suas enunciações e reutilizados nos dias de hoje, esses conceitos são ressignificados de forma a se adaptarem a novas enunciações. Como abordagem metodológica para a realização deste trabalho, tem-se uma análise qualitativa dialógica do livro de Thaís Nicoleti de Camargo, Redação linha a linha (2010) (corpus desse trabalho, que representa o discurso pedagógico). No diálogo proposto sobre os conceitos de coesão e coerência textuais pode-se perceber a ressignificação causada pela nova enunciação em que esses enunciados são reutilizados. Esse trabalho, por valer-se da análise do discurso bakhtiniana, estará sempre voltado ao conceito de diálogo, colocando os discursos em contato; partindo desse ponto, busca-se entender quais discursos dialogam com a produção do discurso pedagógico no livro analisado. Pode-se perceber, na análise dos conceitos de coesão e coerência textuais, que alguns discursos que dialogam com esses enunciados são os discursos de normatização e padronização. É possível dizer que a enunciação em que esses enunciados se produzem remete aos discursos do capitalismo, dos vestibulares, da atribuição de notas

Evolucionismo linguístico: um paralelo entre evolucionismo biológico e mudança linguística

The comparison between linguistic change and biologic evolution is a subject that has caused and still causes much controversy among linguists and other academics that see, in this parallel, problems related to similar attempts in the nineteenth century by Social Darwinism, which approached the biological evolution with social and cultural development of a people. However, this paper aims to show that today this parallel is not built in the same way as was done before. Names like William Labov, Salikoko Mufwene, Jonathan West and Hildo Honorio do Couto in linguistics; Charles Darwin in biology; and Tom Ingold and Clifford Geertz in anthropology, showed that areas of Humanities, such as linguistics and anthropology, and of Biological Sciences, as phylogeny and genetics, are likely to be worked together by the great similarities between processes that compose them. Thus, based on the writings of these authors and some others, this paper presents this theme’s controversy; it shows the similarities between characteristics of languages and species; it seeks through the concepts MA Mental, MA Social and MA Natural of the languages (coined by Couto on Linguística, ecologia e ecolinguística: contato de línguas) to develop ideas of how it is possible to think the language change in the light of Darwin's concept, Natural Selection; and finally, it shows that the parallel theme is rather productive, based on the texts and discussions presented in the whole paper, and that the controversy has been being dissolved with more and more people working on the parallel between language and species

Dinâmica temporal e composição florística da comunidade arbórea de floresta ombrófila densa montana, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, SP, Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fatores prognósticos para o abandono precoce do tratamento da dependência do álcool, crack e outras drogas em uma comunidade terapêutica

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Impacto da construção de Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétricas (PCHs) sobre a comunidade de macroinvertebrados aquáticos associados a pedrais: um estudo de caso no rio Sapucaí-Mirim (SP)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Alunos com surdez e o processo de inclusão: uma análise dos discursos sobre língua de sinais

The process of inclusion of deaf students at regular and specialized educational institution is a complex issue, which has the main point of discussion its specificity linguistic represented by Brazilian Sign Language. Whereupon, this research analyzed how the discourses of young students with deafness on this type of education at regular and specialized educational institution from a city situated in the State of São Paulo. The aim of this study was analyze the relations between the discourses of deaf students and their production conditionals, using the dimension of Discourse Analysis and the historical-cultural psychology. As parts of this research, were used four deaf students enrolled in schools belong in the city of São Paulo, which two schools are regular and two are specialized to deaf people. The collection instruments build themselves in observation of dialogue situations in classroom and interview semistructured. The interviews were made by video recording, researcher and an interpreter. The results showed that discourse of the student enrolled in the specialized school differs in relation to the ideals of bilingual education, in this case defended by users of the Brazilian Sign Language, fact not observed in the context of the regular school.

Sexualidade e gênero: processos emancipatórios na relação entre universidade e comunidade

This article presents and analyzes the configuration of a project of university extension, developed in partnership with public schools, which has as themes sexuality and gender issues. We seek to understand to which extent sexuality and gender issues contributes to the continuity of the trio teaching / research / extension, while acting as promoter of knowledge of emancipation of those envolved (under graduates, faculty and the community). We based our presuppositions on action research, with document analysis and questionnaires responded to by participants in the project during the period 2005 to 2011 as the instrument of data collection. We constituted that formative processes that disrupt the predominant perspectives in the educational processes of a stereotypical, biologizing and heteronormative nature of sexuality and gender issues were favoured. Moreover, the experience of inseparability of teaching/research/extension was favoured, based on the understanding of knowledge as something constructed in and through social relations.

Segurança alimentar e gestão municipal: uma investigação a partir de comunidade rural assentada em Araraquara

This paper sought to deepen, investigate and analyze the institutional and organizational obstacles of public policies for food security programs, in a period of change in municipal management. Our aim is besides de obstacles, to identify the efficacy and effectiveness of SAN social network, highlighting the National Program of School Food – PNAE. The analysis focuses the city of Araraquara and its food security program network in its relationship with the settlements, highlighting its cultural and productive particularities.

A norma-padrão Europeia e a mudança linguística na Escola Moçambicana

In Mozambique, the portuguese language is considered the official language, second language, national language and competes with more than twenty Bantu languages spoken by the majority of population. The standard norm lose away their floor to the Mozambican Portuguese which carries own characteristics pertaining to the sociolinguistic context of the country. Schools attempt their best, but they cannot teach the European standard due the multilingual and Portuguese contact with African languages, a fact that is reflected in the media and in the literature through their oral and written forms. These difficulties result in high rates of failures due to problems encountered in using the European standard by teachers and writers who prepare the school books. This research suggests the standardization of the Mozambican variant as well as the preparation of dictionaries and grammars illustrating the sociolinguistic reality of Mozambique in order to improve the quality of education. It also emphasizes the need for a self-esteem spirit on Mozambicans in general as a conduit to eliminate the soaring bias that Mozambicans can not speak portuguese language

Linguística funcional: princípios, temas, objetos e conexões

This paper aims at offering an overview of the different functionalist approaches in all their programmes, by verifying which functionalist premises would be relevant in each case. This may be a way to elucidate the differentiated approach of certain themes and of certain objects of analysis, and especially, to contribute to a better account of certain relations between each proposal and others realms of knowledge.

Variação e mudança linguística: panorama e perspectivas da sociolinguística variacionista no Brasil

Since the 1970s many research groups have emerged in Brazil in the area of Sociolinguistics, seeking to investigate language in relation to social factors that distinguish different speech communities to deconstruct the idea of linguistic homogeneity. Many of the works have been based on variationist sociolinguistics (LABOV, 2008 [1972]), for which variation and change are inherent to languages, i.e., heterogeneous structures are part of the speakers’ linguistic competence, as a cultural phenomenon motivated by linguistic and extralinguistic factors. Our aim, in this article, is to address the paths of Sociolinguistics since its beginning as a science, focusing mainly on the variationist strand, by recalling its key-concepts and methodology, and to present an overview of the research works conducted in Brazil in this field nowadays.

Contribuições teóricas e metodológicas para a constituição de corpora em pesquisa de variação/mudança linguística

This papers deals with theoretical and methodological problems concerning the definition of criteria for the selection of sources for the study of language. Our work discussed the use and the importance of genre in the process of corpora construction as variation search – synchronic and diachronic.