A Construção do Conhecimento na Atualidade: Um Olhar Sobre o Impacto da Tecnologia

In the paper analyzes the process of knowledge construction in the news regarding the emergence of massive information and communication technologies. In this context, through a qualitative approach, first we examine the potential of production, dissemination, access and use information in a technocratic perspective, and secondly, the negative impacts stemming from the computed mediation, mainly linked to the complexity of policies of democratization of access to information and loss of criticality of science. The focus of this review focuses on the current model of information search and knowledge construction through the Web, outlining aspects inherent to the process in general. Similarly, envision different contributions of information science for the systematization of human knowledge, guided through the social actions of professionals working in various fields, with emphasis on the information representation and retrieval. It is hoped that work can contribute to the current thematic reflection on the production, dissemination and use of information as well as on digital inclusion policies.

A dimensão interdisciplinar da análise documental nos contextos brasileiro e espanhol no âmbito da organização do conhecimento

Information organization can be considered as a nuclear area in Information Science and its historical background has been historically built based on three theoretical approaches: subject cataloguing, under a North-American influence, Indexing, under a British influence, and document analysis, under a French influence. In this sense, although one can consider the strong influence of the logic-linguistic approach of the French tradition in information organization both in Brazil and in Spain, it is not already clear in what extent the mentioned influence specifically occurs in Brazil and Spain as well as what are the dialogical perspectives between them. So, and in order to analyze how the Information Science academic environments in Brazil and in Spain conceive the interdisciplinary relationships in the domain of document analysis (DA), it was applied a questionnaire to Brazilian and Spain DO researchers based on the records of the Brazilian and the Spanish International Society for Knowledge Organization chapters. The results (64,5% of answers in Brazil and 60,6% in Spain) allowed the identification of 35 DA interdisciplinary relationships in Brazil and 98 in Spain, whose data were so grouped in 7 matrixes ? cognitive, philosophical, historical, logic-lingusitic, quantitative, social and political, and technological. It was possible to observe that the logical-linguistic matrix is strongly predominant (90% of the answers in Brazil and in Spain) what reflects the influence of the ideas of Jean-Claude Gardin. On the other side, the graphic visualization of authors´s network showed a strong perspective of dialogical relationships among Brazilian and Spanish DA researchers, based on the convergence of theoretical conceptions, what allow us to conclude the need of joint research policies between both coountries in order to make the mention ed dialogical relationships real and fruitful.

As interconexões entre a gestão da informação e a gestão do conhecimento para o gerenciamento dos fluxos informacionais

Discusses the interconnections between information management and knowledge management for themanaging of information flows. Starting at a literature review to obtain a grounding that allows clarifythis question. Presents the peculiarities involving the formal flows management [informationmanagement] and informal flows management [knowledge management], as well as factors thatprovide a better understanding in regard to the focus of information management and knowledgemanagement. The efficient information flows management demands the need to deploy the informationand knowledge management to its true effectiveness. We can see that these two modes of managementare interrelated such that, in the absence of a, the other is affected, directly impacting the informationflows management and thus in the organization capacity to create knowledge and make decisions withcompetitive differential.

A influência da cultura e da comunicação para a geração de conhecimento em contexto organizacional

In the organizational context culture and communication are fundamental to the processes of appropriation, sharing, generation and use of knowledge. However, in organizations, it is evident that there is little awareness about the influence of information culture and informational communication in the scope of knowledge management. In this perspective and considering the theoretical context, we analyze the influence of culture and communication in the construction of knowledge in an organizational context. This study presents a qualitative research covering national literature focusing theoretical literature published about this thematic. Analyzing this literature we have verified that without an appropriate information culture and an appropriate information communication favoring the organizational processes, hardly the managers would reach the purpose of stimulating knowledge creation within the organization's environment. In conclusion we consider that culture and communication are the foundations for the effectiveness of activities that occur within the context of knowledge management.

O Fetiche do Capital Intelectual: A ideologia do Conhecimento e da Adaptação no Contexto da Reestruturação Produtiva do Capital

This article presents a discussion about the fetishism of the intellectual capital, analysing the ideology of knowledge and the need of adaptation of the worker in connection with the restructuring of capital in recent decades. We analyze the emergence of this ideology - through the concepts of knowledge society, information society, intellectual capital, among others - in some authors of the area human resource management, following it presents the critique of this notion based on the analysis of some authors of critical social thought. Finally we position ourselves in order to assert that this is a new version of fetishism in the time of globalization of the capital.

Gestão do conhecimento científico: proposta de um modelo para a área de Ciência da Informação da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Universities produce large volume of scientific knowledge; however, much of this knowledge is not properly systematic and socialized, causing losses to the development of Science and society. Therefore, there is the need to apply methods, techniques and tools that facilitate the systematization and sharing the knowledge generated in this context. In this perspective, a study aimed at developing a model of the knowledge management representing the specific area of Information Science (IS) of the Sao Paulo State University [Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)]. For this, a qualitative study was developed, descriptive and exploratory, consisting in five steps: started with the theoretical foundation about the thematic, defined the appropriate methodology, comprising characterization of the area of CI Unesp; collecting and analysis of information about the generation, socialization, ownership and communication of scientific knowledge in this environment. As a result of the study, it was possible to develop a model of scientific knowledge management. This model represents the elements involved in the dynamics of scientific knowledge, serving as a starting point for the planning and execution of future actions for the management of scientific knowledge. The study also presents an initial diagnosis on the state of art of scientific knowledge in the academic community of CI from Unesp.

Produção científica sobre gestão do conhecimento e gestão da informação no âmbito da Ciência da Informação: uma aplicação da Lei de Bradford

Aimed to analyze the scientific literature on information management and knowledge management in the most relevant journals in the Information Science field, noting in this way then relevance and impact to this field. It is a qualitative research and analyzed the scientific literature about this subject published in journals (online access) in the Information Science area and classified as Qualis of Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), specifically those who were assessed as level 'A' and 'B', covering a total of 26 journal titles. We applied the Bradford's Law for the scientific production analysis, especially in relation to the articles distribution in terms of proximity or distance variables. We observed that the terms 'information management' and 'knowledge management' are contemporary and have been gained relevance over time. We also founded that the general rule: few produces a lot and many produces a little is true if considered the characteristics of the studied data distribution.

Sobre o pensamento de Peirce e a organização da informação e do conhecimento

Incomplete glimpses of the philosophy of Charles Peirce (1839-1914) can frequently be found in studies about Semiotics and Information Science. Therefore, we sought to discover the theoretical and applied interrelationships between knowledge and information organization and Peirce's Semiotics and Philosophy. The aim was to discover and evaluate the contributions of Peirce's Semiotics and Philosophy to the knowledge and information organization field. The method of this study was bibliographical research. The main results were: indexing process semiotic model, semiotic knowledge organization, interaction between documentary semiotics and documentary languages, kinds of inference to the indexing process, as well as the collaboration of Peirce's pragmatism to terminology theory. Finally, we listed issues for future research.

Como resolver uma situação de não aprendizagem: um estudo psicogenético sobre a construção do conhecimento social

Based on the Piagetian theory and on the research about the construction of Social Knowledge, this article presents the beliefs of children and adolescents regarding the resolution of a situation of not learning. Data were obtained from 80 students, between 06 and 16 years, who analyzed a story involving this issue. The main results indicate that most participants are not able think about the situation contained in the story in a more complex way, disregarding processes and elements, thus. They tend to give simplistic answers and it demonstrates the characteristics of the most elementary level of understanding of social reality. Even among the older students, a less elaborated representation of this daily social question, “to learn or not to learn”, was also preponderate.

Problemas éticos em representação do conhecimento: uma abordagem teórica

Considering that knowledge representation consists in a constant decision-making and that its products must be reliable, this paper highlights the existence of ethical problems in this context with undeniable damage to the user. Thefore, from a theorethical excerpt of the international literature regarding the ethical aspects involved in knowledge organization and representation, this study gets to the reflection of: a) the biases in knowledge representation; and b) non-neutrality of its processes, instruments and products, as subsidies to the outlining of possible ethical problems regarding the user as well as the role of information professional.

Desenhos sobre aprendizagem e não aprendizagem: a construção do conhecimento social sob o enfoque piagetiano

The article presents preliminary data of a survey that aimed to investigate the beliefs of children and adolescents about not learning. A total of 80 students, aged 6 to 16 years participated of the study. Among the participants, 20 are 6 years old, 20 are 9, 20 are 12 and 20 are 16 years old. As methodological tool, it was asked the participants to draw a person that learns and another one that doesn’t learn. Data was analyzed according to the Piagetian perspective for the construction of social knowledge. The main results indicate that a significant part of the participants tend to blame the students for the result of no learning. This indicates that students are able to consider the amplitude of different dimensions of social phenomena only partially. When considering the level of understanding of social reality, it was observed that, even at older ages, participants have a very basic notion of the social world.

Contribuição da competência em informação para os processos de gestão da informação e do conhecimento

This study analyzes the interrelations between the models of information literacy (IL), information management (IM) and knowledge management (KM). In order to do so, we, at first, highlight some concepts and definitions related to these terms, then we present some models applied to, so that we know the steps/stages of these recurring models. Finally, we present a comparative study between thestages/phases of models in IL, IM and KM, in order to check whether there are interrelations between the steps/phases of IL and the steps/stages of IM and KM. As a result we show the interrelations between the models, and assert that IL can act in an integrated manner to provide greater effectiveness to the informational processes of IM and KM. The analysis provides the expansion of IL contributions, reachingbeyond the scope of libraries and contributing to the development of this theme in the context of the contemporary society.

A construção do conhecimento sobre governança corporativa: uma análise bibliométrica

Presents a survey of scientific production about the subject corporate governance, using the Bibliometric analysis of theses and dissertations collected in the digital libraries of the Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Campinas State University (UNICAMP) and University of Sao Paulo (USP). Through the data collected were identified, based on Bibliometric indicators, the origin of authors, the authors more cited, the thematic area of authors, and the construction of co-citation network.

O Caráter a priori das Estruturas Necessárias ao Conhecimento, Construídas segundo a Epistemologia Genética

In this paper we discuss the question of the a priori character of the necessary structures of knowledge according to Genetic Epistemology, focusing on the notion of space in particular. We establish some relations between Jean Piaget’s Genetic Epistemology and Immanuel Kant’s Critical Philosophy, discuss the notion of the a priori according to Kant in relation to the notion of space, and discuss the construction of the notion of space by the epistemic subject according to Genetic Epistemology, focusing on the Sensory-Motor Period. We conclude that, in Genetic Epistemology, space is still thought of as an a priori form of phenomena in the sense that the notion of space is what spatially organizes the data of perception, being the condition of perception. Furthermore, it is not directly abstracted from experience, but is constructed by the epistemic subject in its interaction with the environment, occurring with the structuring of the system of schemes of action. This analysis leads to the notion of the constructed a priori that, after its construction, has the characteristics of the a priori as conceived by Kant.

Mapeando o conhecimento em sistemas de classificação de bibliotecas

This study explores, in 3 steps, how the 3 main library classification systems, the Library of Congress Classification, the Dewey Decimal Classification, and the Universal Decimal Classification, cover human knowledge. First, we mapped the knowledge covered by the 3 systems. We used the “10 Pillars of Knowledge: Map of Human Knowledge”, which comprises 10 pillars, as an evaluative model. We mapped all the subject-based classes and subclasses that are part of the first 2 levels of the 3 hierarchical structures. Then, we zoomed into each of the 10 pillars and analyzed how the three systems cover the 10 knowledge domains. Finally, we focused on the 3 library systems. Based on the way each one of them covers the 10 knowledge domains, it is evident that they failed to adequately and systematically present contemporary human knowledge. They are unsystematic and biased, and, at the top 2 levels of the hierarchical structures, they are incomplete.