ADHD and medicalization: consideration of the senses and meanings of symptoms presented by children diagnosed

The present paper is a reflection on the diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and its relations to the process of medicalization as well as the meanings and perspectives apprehended through three case studies of children diagnosed with such disorder in a doctoral research in which the main purpose was to understand the meanings and peculiarities of ADHD symptomatology .We’ve utilized the model of qualitative research, grounded in psychoanalytic perspective, and conducted the psychodiagnosis for three children who were referred for psychological treatment. The survey found that those children had few experiences of both continence and frustration tolerance. It was evidenced how the school uses the logic of medicalization to try solving the problems with their children when it came to the school dimension. The variety of symptomatic manifestations and psychic dynamics presented by the cases that were studied revealed the weaknesses and inconsistencies of the referred diagnosis.

A explosão do consumo de Ritalina

A sociedade atual vive desde a década de 50 uma “revolução psicofarmacológica”, em que os avanços tecnológicos da psiquiatria e da neurologia possibilitam a criação de dispositivos que conseguem ter uma melhor visualização do funcionamento físico-químico do cérebro, onde o paradigma de tratamento de sofrimento psíquico passou a ser baseado na utilização de psicotrópicos. Dessa forma, a medicina buscou tratar neurocientificamente comportamentos desviantes da norma social. Nesse cenário, o diagnóstico do Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) desponta com certa freqüência e com uma constância ainda maior o uso de Ritalina, nome comercial do metilfenidato, no tratamento do suposto transtorno, principalmente em crianças. Esse presente trabalho faz uma reflexão, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, a cerca do aumento do consumo de Ritalina nos últimos anos, procurando problematizar a forma indiscriminada de diagnosticar e tratar o TDAH.

Professores que ensinam matemática e a inclusão escolar: algumas apreensões

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Os distúrbios osteomusculares e suas consequências para os profissionais da odontologia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Meaning of aromatherapy massage in mental health

Objective: To understand the meaning of the aromatherapy massage intervention in mental health for the patient during psychiatric hospitalization.Methods: A qualitative study including 22 participants with a diagnosis of personality disorder hospitalized in a psychiatric unit of a general hospital. We used semi-structured interviews with a guiding question for participants, for whom the aromatherapy massage intervention was performed. The content of the interviews was assessed according to content analysis.Results: Among the study subjects, there was a predominance of females and the majority presented a diagnosis of Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder. Two categories that emerged were identified from qualitative data: "Identifying the benefits of aromatherapy" and "Enabling self-knowledge."Conclusion: The meaning of the aromatherapy massage intervention was represented by improvements in nursing care and treatment during psychiatric hospitalization, while assisting in the reduction of anxiety symptoms and coping with mental illness.

Sociocognitive performance in autism spectrum disorders and interference of the therapeutic environment

To analyze the sociocognitive performance of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders in two environments of language therapy, which differ as to the physical structure. Ten children and adolescents with ages between 4 and 13 years, of both genders, diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders took part in the study. For data collection, eight filming sessions were performed during individual language therapy lasting 30 minutes, being four in a room with conventional environmental organization (common room) and four in a room with specific ambiance [children's interaction core (CIC) room], interspersed during a month. For the analysis of filmed situations, the Sociocognitive Performance Protocol was used and obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis. No statistical significance was found in sociocognitive performance of 10 subjects in the common and CIC rooms, although specific differences were observed in some cases. The creation of preestablished physical environments or specific materials is not and should not be considered essential for language therapy. It is noteworthy, however, that the absence of a large volume of statistically significant data does not indicate that the results are not expressive, reiterating the need for further research in the area.

Como os sintomas de transtornos mentais e comportamentais influenciam a memória operacional de universitários?

Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

Processo de renovação do auto de vistoria do corpo de bombeiros

This work deals with the stages of the process of renewal of a Notice of Inspection of Fire Department (AVCB) set of structural measures, technical and organizational integrated to ensure the building an optimum level of protection in the security segment fire and panic according to the laws of fire safety standards. The work presented all the literature about the process, their justifications to force deploy in a company to fire safety, the benefits that this standard offers, the facilities in a company that has a AVCB and the great importance in society, presents some examples where there contained the fire safety regulations and their unhappy outcomes, difficulties encountered, examples of how to proceed, step by step and the lesson that this process requires great care, dedication, professionals with the required knowledge and severity to completion

Users' psychological characterization of the Birigui Mental Health Clinic

To improve mental health services, the World Health Organization proposes an “epidemiological approach” based on the constant screening of existing research, and aimed at continuous improvement of psychological treatment rather than strict application of prescribed techniques. This study provides an epidemiological survey conducted at the psychology ward of the municipal Ambulatório de Saúde Mental in Birigui, São Paulo, Brazil. Data from 180 patients in psychotherapeutic care were collected, and subsequent descriptive analysis showed that the population consisted predominantly of adults (82.8% of total) and females (81.0%). Depressive disorder was the most common symptom (61.1%), and the majority of the participants (72.2%) received psychological treatment for the first time. The data presented in this paper can assist mental health professionals in selecting appropriate treatment by creating a profile of patients.

La relacion entre la calidad de la ensenanza y mala prática odontológica: relato de un caso clínico

The activities developed in health area are of great importance, because they have the aim to preserve the life of the men, and therefore, must be performed by authorized persons. The increase of the number of dental schools, the decline at the education quality and a higher admission of students with low ability to exercise their profession, are facts that bring disastrous consequences for society. These facts are, also, reflected at the moral, ethical and technical-scientific performance of the professional. The purpose of this clinic case is to show that although there is a significant suplly of education institutions, there is a lack of scientific and adequate technical knowledgement from the graduated dentals surgeons. The patient MSL, 17 year old, female, went to a dental clinic presenting a tray type Vernis, attached to the lower arch. After clinical evaluation, it was showed that an incorrect material was used for the impression technique, being impossible to take out the tray by the conventional manner. The planning for the removal of the tray was through the divide of it. Thus, the consequence of the lack of knowledge in the use of impression materials had caused a great incovinience to the patient. It can be concluded that the rate of malpractice is directly related to the professional preparation, highlighting the importance of quality dental education for a responsible clinical practice.

Depressão e suicídio na adolescência: representações sociais e indicadores de risco

Adolescence is a period of physical, biological and psychological changes as well as its time for reflection of the perspectives and social functions that are not defined yet. In addition to the characteristics of this period also included the family and socio-economic aspects such as parental separation, domestic violence, poverty, among others, yielding often, insecurity and confusion feelings, contributing to the case of depression in many cases, each increasingly recurrent and early at this stage in human development. The present study, thus, aimed to investigate the indicators of risk and vulnerability in adolescents to depression, especially those in social context, highlighting the social representation of the same against the disorder, since these guiding this research, the indication of factors contributing influence the etiology of depression in this period. Be consulted on the basis of VHL-PSI, articles related to depression in adolescence, published between the years 2004 to 2014. Observe that adolescents with negative perception of the social context in which the live, are more likely to develop depression, highlighting the importance of healthy social and family relationships for mental health.

Metabolic parameters of rats prone to display wild-running of the audiogenic crisis and fighting induced by REM-sleep deprivation

Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O uso do treino de habilidades sociais em pessoas com fobia social na terapia comportamental

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O uso do treino de habilidades sociais em pessoas com fobia social na terapia comportamental

The effects of an intervention in social skills were assessed in four university students with ages between 19 and 31, with social phobia diagnosis. The performance in social skills as well as performance-compatible disorder was assessed before, after the intervention, and follow-up in four months later, by the instruments: SCID-I, Mini-SPIN, QACC-VU and IHS in a multiple baseline design among participants. The intervention programmed twelve weekly meetings in which the researcher discussed socially skilled alternatives to the described difficulties; leaded dialogued theoretical explanations about the theme of the meeting and also performed functional assessments and repertory training of the participants. It was observed deficits such as public speaking, starting and maintaining conversation in the participants’ social skills repertory, which are consistent with the criteria for social phobia and the difficulties into the adapting to university. After the intervention, the participants left difficulties in public speaking, performance characteristic compatible with the social phobia diagnosis and they also increased social repertory, although it is still necessary the improvement of other skills, such as expressing positive feeling.

Autismo e família: revisão bibliográfica em bases de dados nacionais

Early studies involving childhood autism attributed to family involvement in impairment of psycho-emotional development of the child. The purpose of this study was to review the literature related to autism and family in two national databases (Theses Database of Capes and Scientific Electronic Library Online) without defining a specific period as well as identify the main thematic focused. Were located 29 studies in Theses Database of Capes, the first record in 1990 and 12 in Scientific Electronic Library Online, the first publication in 2001. The results were grouped into seven categories. The categories “Quality of Life” and “Family Relations” concentrate most of publications on Theses Database. Already in Scientific Electronic Library Online, mostly refers to the “Family Relations” and “literature review”. It was found that none of theses or dissertations was published in scientific paper format, hampering the dissemination of research in the area.