283 resultados para Produção de leite
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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A pecuária leiteira vem sofrendo ao longo dos últimos anos, constantes mudanças com o intuito de maximizar a produção. A contínua seleção para uma maior produção de leite em conjunto com o aumento da capacidade digestiva e profundidade corporal aumentou a susceptibilidade de ocorrência de várias enfermidades abomasais, como o deslocamento do abomaso. O deslocamento de abomaso é uma doença economicamente importante na bovinocultura leiteira e é definido como uma síndrome multifatorial onde há basicamente duas possibilidades de deslocamento, na primeira, a víscera pode deslocar-se à esquerda, causando o deslocamento do abomaso à esquerda e a segunda possibilidade, o órgão pode mover-se totalmente para o lado direito, provocando o deslocamento do abomaso à direita, sendo que o primeiro ocorre mais frequentemente. O período de maior ocorrência do deslocamento do abomaso à esquerda, se insere imediatamente ou até seis semanas após o parto. Assim, objetivou-se com essa revisão sistemática, elucidar as principais causas e fatores de risco, os variados sinais clínicos e os diversos métodos diagnósticos dessa enfermidade. Conclui-se que, é de extrema importância conhecer desde a causa, até o diagnóstico do deslocamento do abomaso à esquerda, para que auxilie os médicos veterinários a identificarem o problema na propriedade, direcioná-lo a um tratamento adequado e tomar medidas preventivas, eliminando os fatores de risco e consequentemente diminuindo a incidência do problema.
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The sector of milk production in Brazil is very heterogeneous (high-tech in large scale X family properties). This study aimed to develop a diagnostic as a basis for a strategic plan to face the challenges inherent in operating a dairy farm in property of a farmers' association in Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil. It was observed that the association needs a more efficient guidance in the marketing, production and finance areas, not to compromise the search for new markets and continued growth in activity.
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive and reproductive performance of beef cows, as well as the performance of their calves according to the following dietary treatments: PRE: supplemented with protected fat (PF) during 45 days prepartum; PREPOS: supplemented with PF during 45 days prepartum and 63 days postpartum; POS: supplemented with PF during 63 days postpartum; PN: without supplementation. The productive performance of cows was not influenced by feed management (P>0.05), except for body condition score (BCS), which was lower for PRE and PREPOS cows at the end of mating season, with the latter cows having similar BCS POS and PN. The calving interval (CI) was shorter for cows supplemented in PREPOS - 376 days -, and did not differ in cows maintained in PN - 383 days. Supplemented PREPOS cows weaned 4.4% more pounds of calf per 100kg of cow at calving - 22.6kg - than the PRE and POS cows - 21.6kg and 21.6kg, respectively - and 8,4% more pounds of calf per 100 of cow at calving than the cows maintained in native pasture - 20.7kg. The fat protected supplementation during pre and/or postpartum periods did not affect the performance of cows and calves.
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A total of 3.035 lactations of Holstein cows from four farms in the Southeast, to check the influence of data structure of milk yield on the genetic parameters. Four dataset with different structures were tested, weekly controls (CW) with 122.842 controls, monthly controls (CM) 30.883, bimonthly controls (CB) with 15,837 and quarterly controls (CQ) with 12,702. The random regression model was used and was considered as random additive genetic and permanent environment effects, fixed effects of the contemporary groups (herd-year-month of test-day) and age of cow (linear and quadratic effects). Heritability estimates showed similar trends among the data files analyzed, with the greatest similarity between dataset CS, CM and CB. The dataset submitted all the CB estimates of genetic parameters analyzed with the same trend and similar magnitude to the CS and CM dataset, allowing the claim that there was no influence of the data structure on estimates of covariance components for the dataset CS, CM and CB. Thus, milk recording could be accomplished in a CB structure.
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ
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Okara is a residue of production process of soy milk, wich has a considered nutritional value for containing proteins, lipids and fi bers in signifi cant amount, besides bioactive compounds, such as isofl avone. Despite these qualities, the great amount of okara produced annually in Brazil and in other countries generates a problem of disposal waste and it has served only for animal food products. Such situation can be changed by studies, that demonstrate the viability of okara’s utilization in human nourishment. Thus, the purpose of this research was to develop a fermented hamburger with a probiotic bacteria, based on chicken meat and okara fl our. Five formulations were processed: F1-100% of chicken meat, unfermented and containing curing salts, F2-100% of chicken meat, fermented with L. acidophilus, F3 - 90% of chicken meat and 10% of okara meal, fermented with L. acidophilus, F4 - 70% of chicken meat and 30% of okara meal, fermented with L. acidophilus; F5 - 50% of chicken meat and 50% of okara meal, fermented with L. acidophilus. All formulations were evaluated for the viability of the probiotic culture, determination of cooking yield and shrinkage percentage, pH and sensory characteristics. The results have demonstrated that it is possible to elaborate a chicken hamburger, fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL 1014, with the addition of 10% okara fl our.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)