Characterization of Chemically Induced Ovarian Carcinomas in an Ethanol-Preferring Rat Model: Influence of Long-Term Melatonin Treatment

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Thyroid Hormone Stimulates the Proliferation of Sertoli Cells and Single Type A Spermatogonia in Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Testis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ultrastructural features of spermatogenesis in Melanorivulus punctatus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)

Fish belonging to the family Rivulidae possess one of the most complex reproductive systems. Rivulus, a genus of freshwater fish in the Rivulidae family, was recently reclassified into five genera, including Melanorivulus. Its type species, M. punctatus, is widely distributed and probably represents a species complex. The ultrastructure of sperm has been broadly used in systematics, and we hereby describe the ultrastructural features of spermatogenesis in M. punctatus. Ten M. punctatus males were collected from the reservoir of Parque Estadual da Quineira, municipality of Chapada dos Guimardes, Mato Grosso, Brazil, and prepared for analysis by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. M. punctatus undergoes cystic spermatogenesis. Its cysts consist of groups of germ cells that are in synchronous development and are surrounded by cytoplasmic projections of Sertoli cells. With the breakdown of the cysts, the spermatozoa are released and their maturation is completed in the duct, where part of the cytoplasmic material is discarded through the vesicles. The mature spermatozoon is characterized by a spherical head with homogeneously condensed chromatin, a symmetric midpiece consisting of a pair of perpendicular centrioles, a ring of mitochondria, several vesicles, and one flagellum medial to the nucleus. Early stages of spermatogenesis show no peculiarities; however, in spermiogenesis, we observed that the spermatids remain interconnected by cytoplasmic bridges and have pockets of residual cytoplasm. The sperm is of the aquasperm type and is similar to that observed in the members of the family Rivulidae. The spermatozoa have a single flagellum that consists of a classic axoneme (9 +2), as found in most groups of fish, despite the lateral extensions. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Male Gonadal Differentiation and the Paedomorphic Evolution of the Testis in Teleostei

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Phylogeny, ultrastructure and histopathology of Myxobolus lomi sp nov., a parasite of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) from the Peixes River, Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Testes of Astyanax altiparanae: The Sertoli cell functions in a semicystic spermatogenesis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fatores prognósticos e análise de sobrevida de pacientes diagnosticados com carcinoma espinocelular nos 10 primeiros anos do Centro de Oncologia Bucal da Unesp, Campus de Araçatuba

Objetivo: Estimar as probabilidades acumuladas de sobrevida dos pacientes diagnosticados com carcinoma espinocelular nos 10 primeiros anos do Centro de Oncologia Bucal da UNESP, Campus de Araçatuba, de 1991 a 2000, observadas até 2005, estabelecendo os possíveis fatores prognósticos significativos para o óbito. Méttodo: A análise de sobrevida foi realizada em uma coorte de 280 pacientes com carcinoma espinocelular, no Centro de Oncologia Bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, UNESP, entre 1991 e 2000. Para avaliar a associação entre as variáveis independentes e o óbito, realizou-se o teste Log Rank. A probabilidade do teste com p-valor menor que 0,25 ficou estabelecida para a inclusão das covariáveis no processo de ajustamento do modelo. A sobrevida foi estimada pelo método de produto limite de Kaplan-Meier. Os fatores prognósticos foram estimados pelo modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox, calculando-se razão da função de risco (HR). A análise de resíduo foi realizada para verificar o ajuste do modelo. Resultados: As taxas de probabilidades acumuladas de sobrevida de 280 pacientes, para os casos em estádio IV, foram, 56,74%, 32,13%, 23,71% e 20,57%, respectivamente, até 1, 2, 3 e 5 anos após o diagnóstico. Pacientes no estádio I apresentaram sobrevida em 5 anos de 81,73%. O estadiamento clínico da doença no diagnóstico foi o único fator prognóstico definido no processo de ajuste de modelo. A estimativa da razão da função de riscos de morrer em pacientes diagnosticados no estádio III (HR=3,3), é praticamente três vezes o risco daqueles em estádio I; da mesma forma, o risco de morrer dos diagnosticados em estádio IV (HR=6,17) é cerca de seis vezes ao daqueles em estádio I. Conclusões: A covariável que permaneceu no modelo final foi estadiamento clínico no momento do diagnóstico, sendo, pois, o único fator prognóstico.

Aspectos da toxoplasmose na clínica de pequenos animais

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonosis of worldwide distribution, has importance in human and veterinary medicine. Animals can be direct or indirect source of infection to man, and this intermediate host, the disease may be responsible for encephalitis and deaths due to congenital form as coinfection in neonates and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The man and animals can acquire the disease by eating undercooked meat or cures, infected with tissue cysts, as well as food and water contaminated with oocysts. Iatrogenic, such as, blood transfusion and organ transplantation are other less frequent routes of transmission. The causative agent of this disease is Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan obligate intracellular coccidian. In small animals, the infection has been reported in several countries, promoting varied clinical manifestations and uncommon but severe and fatal, which is a challenge in the clinical diagnosis of small animals, especially when the nervous system involvement. Thus, constitute the purpose of this review address the participation of small animals in the spread of the disease, clinical aspects related to it, as well as discuss methods of diagnosis, therapeutic measures, prophylaxis and control of this disease.

Contribution in the diagnosis of ultrasonography perinephric pseudocyst uriniferous in a feline - case report

The renal pseudocysts are accumulations of fluid unilateral or bilateral perirenal location, contained in a capsule without epithelium, a characteristic that distinguishes them from true renal cysts. The capsule itself may have originated in the renal capsule or a localized inflammatory reaction. The nature of the fluid can vary, but the presence of ooze found the most common, but they are also called pseudocysts accumulations of urine, blood and lymph. The most frequently observed clinical sign is abdominal distention. However these nonspecific signs may be related to chronic kidney disease and azotemia that may develop before or after the formation of this lesion. The abdominal ultrasound is less invasive and allows you to diagnose this change more easily, also allowing the collection of fluid guided percutaneous and submit it to cytological, biochemical and bacteriological in order to obtain information about its nature. This paper aims to describe a case of perinephric pseudocyst in a cat uriniferous, highlighting the contribution ultrasound as a diagnostic method complementary quick and noninvasive, allowing evaluation of the architecture of the renal parenchyma, differentiation of cortex and spinal cord as well as detect changes in size and shape of it, aiming for better planning in clinical surgery.

Helmintofauna de Hypsiboas raniceps (Cope, 1862) (Anura, Hylidae) no Pantanal Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

The helminth fauna of twenty-five Hypsiboas raniceps (Anura, Hylidae) specimens collected in the pantanal wetland, municipality of Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil was studied. Twenty (80%) specimens were parasitized with at least one helminth species. The helminth fauda is composed by the nematodes Oswaldocruzia mazzai, Cosmocerca podicipinus and Physalopteroides venancioi beyond the no identified species of the genus Rhabdias, Physaloptera and Raillietnema and the family Cosmocercidae. Cysts and larvae of nematodes were also found. Catadiscus propinquus and diplostomid metacercariae were the recovered trematodes

Diferentes métodos de diagnóstico molecular na diferenciação das espécies de Sarcocystis spp

The Sarcocystis genus includes obligatory two-host life cycle protozoan parasites. It is the most numerous of the six genera of the Sarcocystidae family. The infection caused by parasites of this genus is a zoonotic and cosmopolitan disease known as sarcosistosis or sarcosporidiosis. The sarcositosis though frequently asymptomatic in its definitive hosts can be fatal in its intermediate hosts. The usual diagnoses of sarcosistosis takes place through a histological demonstration of schizonts in blood vessels and organs, and the presence of cysts in muscle tissue by necropsy or biopsy, this second method still more common and based on morphological features of the sarcocyst. However, these methods can be inadequate to a precise identification of the infector species once that, besides the genus being of numerous species, these often present similar morphological features. Another factor that makes the diagnostic more difficult is the non specificity of some Sacocystis species to their hosts. Consequently, molecular diagnostic methods have been used in order to identify the infector species and the parasite specific biological cycles, demonstrating also new species and coevolutive aspects between parasite and host. Among the most employed molecular techniques the Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR), the nested-PCR and the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) stands out

Helmintofauna de duas espécies de anfíbios, Haddadus binotatus (Anura: Craugastoridae) e Ischnocnema guentheri (Anura: Brachycephalidae), da Mata Atlântica, no município de São Luiz do Paraitinga, São Paulo, Brasil

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest harbors a rich biodiversity with more than four hundred of amphibian species and many of these are endemic in this environment. This high rate of restricted endemism associated with global decline of amphibian diversity and density make it an important priority for the conservation of this ecosystem and to warrant intensive monitoring amphibian populations. Considering the importance that the parasites have on the ecology of their hosts, parasitic infections become a considerable factor in conservation biology. To expand the knowledge of this area, 23 specimens of Haddadus binotatus (Anura: Craugastoridae) and 36 Ischnocnema guentheri (Anura: Brachycephalidae) were collected from Santa Virginia, São Luiz do Paraitinga, São Paulo, between January and February 2010, to study their helminth parasites. Twelve helminth taxa were diagnosed and six of them were common to both hosts. The higher prevalence (P = 96%), mean abundance (MA = 11.7 ± 1.6) and mean intensity of infection (MII = 12.3 ± 1.6) were presented by H. binotatus compared to I. guentheri (P = 67%, MA = 2.4 ± 0.5, MII = 3.6 ± 0.6). Nematode species were found in different stages (cysts, larvae and adults) and acanthocephalans were found in both anurans. However, cestode species was found only in I. guentheri. Differences in parasitism of two species of frogs have been attributed to different sizes and micro-habitats of animals that allow different diets and contact with different helminth species. All helminths found have not been reported H. binotatus and also three new species records were noticed for I. guentheri

Avaliação física e radiográfica dos carpos, tarsos e articulações interfalangeanas de touros de raças zebuínas em regime de colheita de sêmen

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Effect of hydrogen-peroxide-mediated oxidative stress on human dental pulp cells

To evaluate the effect of the oxidative stress on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) promoted by toxic concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on its odontoblastic differentiation capability through time. Methods HDPCs were exposed to two different concentrations of H2O2 (0.1 and 0.3 μg/ml) for 30 min. Thereafter, cell viability (MTT assay) and oxidative stress generation (H2DCFDA fluorescence assay) were immediately evaluated. Data were compared with those for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (thymolphthalein assay) and mineralized nodule deposition (alizarin red) by HDPCs cultured for 7 days in osteogenic medium. Results A significant reduction in cell viability and oxidative stress generation occurred in the H2O2-treated cells when compared with negative controls (no treatment), in a concentration-dependent fashion. Seven days after H2O2 treatment, the cells showed significant reduction in ALP activity compared with negative control and no mineralized nodule deposition. Conclusion Both concentrations of H2O2 were toxic to the cells, causing intense cellular oxidative stress, which interfered with the odontogenic differentiation capability of the HDPCs. Clinical significance The intense oxidative stress on HDPCs mediated by H2O2 at toxic concentrations promotes intense reduction on odontoblastic differentiation capability in a 7-day evaluation period, which may alter the initial pulp healing capability in the in vivo situation.

Gorlin syndrome: Importance of clinical signs and danger of delayed diagnosis A case report with eight years follow-up

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma (NBCCS) or Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GS) is a multidisciplinary problem, the early diagnosis of which allows secondary prophylaxis that follows an appropriate regimen to delay progression of the syndrome. The aim of this study was to present a case of delayed diagnosis of GS in a young patient who received multidisciplinary treatment 5 years after onset. The patient presented for evaluation with painless swelling of the left maxilla. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a keratocyst odontogenic tumor (KOT) that was enucleated. On presentation, the patient’s symptoms and clinical signs were not related to complications of GS, and the possibility of GS was initially rejected, as he did not have a family history of the syndrome. Four years after the first surgery to remove the lesion, the patient came to our clinic with a brown, pigmented lesion. Computed tomography revealed ectopic lamellar calcification of the falx cerebri, which was the conclusive factor for the diagnosis of GS. It is important that clinicians recognize the clinical signs of GS, which mainly manifests itself as multiple basal cell carcinomas in the skin.