Urethral striated muscle and extracellular matrix morphological characteristics among mildly diabetic pregnant rats: translational approach

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pelvic floor muscle strength evaluation in different body positions in nulliparous healthy women and its correlation with sexual activity

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength in different body positions in nulliparous healthy women and its correlation with sexual activity.Materials and Methods: Fifty healthy nulliparous women with mean age of 23 years were prospectively studied. Subjective evaluation of PFM was assessed by transvaginal digital palpation (TDP) of anterior and posterior areas regarding the vaginal introitus. A perineometer with inflatable vaginal probe was used to assess the PFM strength in four different positions: supine with extended lower limbs (P1); bent-knee supine (P2); sitting (P3); standing (P4).Results: Physical activity, 3 times per week, was reported by 58% of volunteers. Sexual activity was observed in 80% of women and 82% of them presented orgasm. The average body mass index (BMI) was 21.76 kg/m(2), considered as normal according World Health Organization (WHO). We observed that 68% of volunteers were conscious about the PFM contraction. TDP showed concordance of 76% when anterior and posterior areas were compared (p = 0.00014). There was not correlation between PFM strength and orgasm in subjective evaluation. The PFM strength was significantly higher in standing position when compared with the other positions (p < 0.000). No statistical difference was observed between orgasm and PFM strength when objective evaluations were performed.Conclusions: There was concordance between anterior and posterior areas in 76% of cases when subjective PFM strength was assessed. In objective evaluation, higher PFM strength was observed when volunteers were standing. No statistical correlation was observed between PFM strength and orgasm in nulliparous healthy women.

Neonatally induced mild diabetes: influence on development, behavior and reproductive function of female Wistar rats

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Incidence of subclinical endometritis and its effects on reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows

In dairy cattle, uterine infections are not life threatening and often unavoidable; however, they reduce fertility and increase the production costs of properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of subclinical endometritis from 32 to 70 days in milk (DIM) and its effects on the reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows. Lactating cows (Holstein/Gir; n = 172), with no history of retained placenta, without clinical signs of uterine infection were used. The body condition score (BCS) was evaluated on a scale from 1 to 5. Ultrasound examination was performed to evaluate uterine lining and ovarian activity, while vaginal mucus was analyzed by gloved hand. The diagnosis of subclinical endometritis was performed by endometrial cytobrush technique. The samples were collected, stained, and examined microscopically; positive cases for subclinical endometritis were considered with the presence of a parts per thousand yen5 % of neutrophils. Later, the cows were submitted to conventional artificial insemination or timed artificial insemination. The incidence of subclinical endometritis in the herd was 26 %, and this was not affected by the season of calving, presence of corpus luteum, DIM, and parity. Cows with a BCS a parts per thousand currency sign2.50 had a higher incidence of subclinical endometritis. The conception rate to first insemination and pregnancy rate at 150 days postpartum were not influenced by the presence of subclinical endometritis in crossbred dairy cows.

Reproductive toxicology and clastogenic evaluation in mice of a phytotherapeutic formulation obtained from Cinchona calisaya Weddel (Rubiaceae) used in Brazilian folk medicine as female fertility stimulant

Ethnopharmacological relevance: In Brazil, a phytotherapeutic preparation produced from a standardized tincture of Cinchona calisaya Weddel such that each mL of product contains 400 mu g of quinine, known in Portuguese as Agua Inglesa (R) (English water), is indicated by the manufacturer as a tonic, appetite stimulant, and digestive. However, this preparation has long been used in folk medicine as a female fertility stimulant. Despite its widespread use in folk medicine to stimulate female fertility, no study has been undertaken to assess the potential teratogenic and genotoxic effects of this phytotherapeutic preparation. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible toxic reproductive effects in mice caused by exposure to Agua Inglesa (R), either before mating or during the pre- and post-embryo implantation periods. The genotoxic potential was evaluated using the micronucleus assay.Material, Methods, and Results: Virgin female mice, with at least one estrous cycle evidenced by vaginal cytology, were divided into five groups of 15 individuals each (Group I - control, Group II - treated with ethanol solution at 16%, Groups III, IV and V treated with phytotherapeutic preparation at 1.5 mL/kg/day, 3.0 mL/kg/day and 4.5 mL/kg/day, respectively). After the first 28 days of treatment, females were caged individually with adult fertile males. Pregnant females continued to receive treatment for seven days (preimplantation period). Body weight was recorded weekly during treatment. Signs of toxicity (weight loss, food intake, piloerection, apathy, prostration, diarrhea, seizures, behavioral changes, and locomotion) were also observed. The females were sacrificed on the 15th day of pregnancy, uterine horns were evaluated for implantation, and the placental index was recorded. In the micronucleus test, 2000 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) per animal, obtained from bone marrow, were scored. Results The results showed that exposure of the females during the pre- and post-implantation periods did not significantly alter the reproductive capacity (p < 0.05); however, in higher dose (three times human dose)reduction of fetal weight was observed. There was no difference between the control and phytotherapeutic preparation (p > 0.05) in terms of the average number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes.Conclusions: Although folk medicine suggests that the Agua Inglesa (R) preparation is useful as a female fertility stimulant, no such effect was confirmed in mice. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Estudo dos fatores de risco e prevalência de cervicite por Chlamydia trachomatis em adolescentes do município de Botucatu, São Paulo

Some characteristics and behaviors, that are of young, as a tendency to rebel and take risks, deviating from the rules of society, makes it vulnerable to many detrimental aspects, such as may indiscriminate use of alcohol and drugs, practicing unsafe sex and having multiple partners, which cause, among another complications, sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The Chlamydia trachomatis causes chlamydial infection, is one of the most recurrent STD of the world. Several risk factors are already defined for Chlamydial infection, among them, age under 25 years old and sexual behavior of the risk. The objective was to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia infection cervicitis in adolescent females of the Botucatu, São Paulo, and risk factors associated with this infection. It is cross-sectional study, of the populational basis, performed together the nineteen basic health units of the Botucatu, São Paulo. The data were obtained through clinical interviews and gynecological examination on samples collected for laboratory analysis. The research of C. trachomatis was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This report presents preliminary data, which represent 19% of the sample checked. Were interviewed 37 adolescents with a mean age of 17 years (between 15th and 19th years old), average of years studied of the 8,19, 40% of the families lived on less than a minimum wage by person and 24,3% dosen’t has ownership of the house where they live. Mean age of first sexual intercourse of 14 years (between 12th and 16th years old), 24,3% regularly used condoms, 5,4% had a premature birth and 8,1% reported abortion. 75,7% had any complaints in the gynecological exam, pain in lower abdomen, the most prevalent. The prevalence of vulvovaginitis or vaginal flora altered was 54,1%. The prevalence of infection by C. trachomatis was 58%. Presence content was associated infection chlamydial and age... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Prevalência de infecção clamidiana em mulheres com diagnóstico de infertilidade primária e secundária atendidas no ambulatório de esterilidade do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicna de Botucatu, Unesp

A infertilidade está se tornando um problema emergente de saúde pública em muitos países do mundo e, para muitos autores, esse aumento parece coincidir com o crescente papel desempenhado pela Chlamydia trachomatis. A infecção por C. trachomatis é uma das principais causas de lesão tubária que pode levar a oclusão desta ou processos aderentes que comprometem o complexo tubo-ovariano. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a prevalência de cervicite por Chlamydia trachomatis em mulheres diagnosticadas com infertilidade primária ou secundária atendidas no Ambulatório de Esterilidade do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP. Foram incluídas no estudo 112 mulheres atendidas no período de julho de 2008 a junho de 2009, que concordaram em participar do estudo e que responderam ao questionário para caracterização sóciodemográfica e ginecológica, sendo 62 pacientes com infertilidade primária e 50 com infertilidade secundária. Durante o exame especular, foi coletada secreção cervical com cytobrush para pesquisa de C. trachomatis pela técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e conteúdo vaginal por meio de swab para avaliação da flora vaginal pelo método de Gram. Em relação à caracterização das pacientes, 66,7% eram moradoras de municípios com menos de 100.000 habitantes, 63,4% relataram ter vínculo empregatício, 98,2% declararam união estável, 74,1% eram brancas e 14,3% fumantes. A mediana de idade das pacientes no momento da inclusão no estudo foi de 28 anos (14-44). A mediana de idade à menarca e ao início da atividade sexual foi de 12 anos (9-17) e 16 anos (11-38), respectivamente. A mediana do tempo de infertilidade foi de 4 anos (1-17). Ainda nesse estudo, 67,9% das pacientes relataram mais de três relações sexuais por semana, 25,0% relataram infecção do trato genital inferior anteriormente ao estudo, 23,2% relataram... (Resumo Completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Incidência de colonização retovaginal por Streptococcus agalactiae em gestantes e avaliação de cultura de swabs combinados

A identificação de fatores de risco para colonização vaginal materna por Streptococcus agalactiae tem sido objeto de estudo na literatura mundial pois essa colonização frequentemente é assintomática e pode causar bacteremia nos recémnascidos, com significante morbidade e mortalidade, especialmente em prematuros. O objetivo do estudo foi associar a colonização por S. agalactiae com o padrão da microbiota vaginal das gestantes e avaliar a eficácia de swabs combinados na detecção de S. agalactiae. Foram incluídas no estudo 405 gestantes em idade gestacional entre 35 e 37 semanas, atendidas no Pré-Natal do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP. Utilizando-se swabs estéreis foram obtidas amostras da região anorretal, do intróito vaginal e do terço distal da parede vaginal. O material coletado foi cultivado em caldo Todd Hewit suplementado com colistina (10g/mL) e ácido nalidíxico (15g/mL), por 18 a 24 horas à 37oC, em seguida, realizada subcultura em ágar-sangue a 5% sob as mesmas condições. As colônias sugestivas de S. agalactiae foram submetidas a coloração de Gram e ao teste da catalase e ao CAMP test. O padrão de microbiota vaginal foi avaliado empregandose a técnica de coloração de Gram. Os dados sócio-demográficos e obstétricos foram obtidos por formulário próprio. Considerando como variável resposta a colonização materna ou não por S. agalactiae, foi ajustado um modelo de regressão logística adotando o método stepwise, considerando as variáveis explanatórias quantitativas e qualitativas. Para positividade de cultura em swabs combinados e isolados foi empregado o teste de Tukey. colonização materna por S. agalactiae foi de 25,4%. Em relação à microbiota vaginal, as alterações mais freqüentes foram vaginose citolítica (11,3%) seguido de vaginose bacteriana (10,9%), candidíase (8,2%) e Flora II ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Avaliação da exposição ao propionato de testosterona em ratas fêmeas in utero e lactação

It is known that exposure to substances in the environment can contribute to various reproductive disorders, especially if such exposure occurs during critical periods of development such as the intra-uterine and postnatal. The female reproductive system may be the target of androgens, both as a result of exposure to environmental chemicals, or by pathological conditions (polycystic ovary syndrome or congenital adrenal hyperplasia).Usually, little attention is given off in relation to the study of androgenic effects in the female reproductive axis. This study aims to evaluate the effects of exposure to androgens on the development, structure and reproductive function in rats whose mothers were exposed to testosterone propionate from gestational day 12 (DG12) after weaning - postnatal day 21 (DPN21) . For this purpose, pregnancy rats were divided into four groups: a control group that received corn oil (vehicle) and three groups receiving testosterone propionate in doses of 0.05 mg / kg / day, 0.1 mg / kg / day and 0.2 mg / kg / day, all under the same experimental conditions. The possible effects of exposure were assessed using reproductive parameters, such as a measure of anogenital distance, count areolas / nipples, age at vaginal opening and first estrus (puberty indicative installation), weight and histological evaluation of the reproductive organs ( uterus and ovaries), weight of the kidneys, liver and pituitary hormone levels, regularity of the estrous cycle, sexual behavior and fertility. Such analysis is important in understanding the effects of androgen exposure on the female genital system, especially on the reproductive potential, and processes that may involve morphofunctional changes. In these experimental conditions, it is concluded that treatment with PT caused reduction in body weight and initial masculinization in females without cubs, however, commit further sexual development

Vaginose Bacteriana: Identificação e quantificação de Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp e Megasphaera sp

A vaginose bacteriana (VB) é a alteração de flora vaginal mais freqüente em mulheres em idade fértil e se caracteriza pela substituição dos lactobacilos por outras espécies bacterianas. Inúmeras complicações ginecológicas e obstétricas estão associadas à VB, como a doença inflamatória pélvica, o aumento da vulnerabilidade à aquisição do HIV, a corioamnionite clínica e histológica e o baixo peso ao nascimento. Estudos recentes demonstraram que várias espécies até então raramente ou nunca isoladas em laboratório são associadas à VB. O Objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a freqüência de isolamento de Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. e Megasphaera sp. em gestantes com vaginose bacteriana. Foi realizado um estudo de corte transversal prospectivo. Foram incluídas no estudo 88 gestantes com diagnóstico de VB, atendidas no Centro de Saúde Escola da UNESP no período de janeiro a setembro de 2010. Durante o exame especular e utilizando-se zaragatoas estéreis, foram coletadas amostras da parede vaginal para a confecção dos esfregaços vaginais em lâminas. O exame a fresco foi utilizado para o diagnóstico de vaginite aeróbia, de acordo com os critérios descritos por Donders et al. (2002). Os esfregaços vaginais corados pelo método de Gram, foram utilizados para o diagnóstico de flora normal, intermediária e VB de acordo com os critérios de Nugent et al. (1991). Em seguida, 5 mL de solução fisiológica foi injetada com seringa estéril na parede vaginal posterior, e após homogeneização dessa solução com o auxílio de espátula, o conteúdo foi coletado. Os lavados vaginais coletados foram centrifugados e os pellets armazenados para posterior detecção de Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. e Megasphaera sp. pela técnica de PCR em tempo real. Do total das 88 amostras de VB, 46 (52,3%) foram positivas para os 3 microrganismos pesquisados e apenas ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônicos abaixo)

Avaliação in vivo do potencial estrogênico de amostra de água para consumo humano produzida por estação de tratamento do estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Prenatal exposure to testosterone masculinises the female gerbil and promotes the development of lesions in the prostate (Skene

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Total bacterial counting and the response to treatment of bacterial vaginosis with metronidazole

Objective: To evaluate if the total bacterial count of vaginal samples with bacterial vaginosis assessed by flow cytometry influences the response to treatment with metronidazol. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 273 low-risk reproductive aged women were enrolled. Vaginal samples were taken to evaluate the pattern of vaginal flora according to Nugent’s criteria, as well as the presence of trichomoniasis and candidosis. Cases identified of bacterial vaginosis were treated with metronidazole and controlled after 45 days. Cervical infection by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were also assessed. Flow cytometry for total bacterial counting was performed in propidium iodide stained cervicovaginal samples, using fluorescent beads at a known concentration. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney test was used to compare total bacterial count between groups of interest, at p<0.05. Results: From the total of 273 women enrolled, 50 were excluded as they presented at least one of the infections investigated. Bacterial vaginosis was detected in 79 women (35.4%), of which 33 (41.8%) returned for re-evaluation after treatment, being 21 cases successfully treated and 12 with persistent abnormal vaginal flora. Flow cytometric data showed that total bacterial counting does not differ between normal flora and bacterial vaginosis samples (p=0.14). Also, no difference was found between the cases of treated and persistent bacterial vaginosis (p=0.48). Conclusion: Total bacterial counting does not influence the response to metronidazole treatment of bacterial vaginosis

Flora intermediária em mulheres em idade reprodutiva: aspectos inflamatórios, atividade de sialidases e carga bacteriana

Pós-graduação em Patologia - FMB

Abordagem metodológica para a valuação do petencial desregulador endócrino de água de beber: estudo com amostras reais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)