Presença e tipificação de Salmonella spp. no conteúdo ruminal de bovinos pós-abate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação cinemática em cães: revisão

Kinematics is the geometry of motion, including displacement, speed and acceleration, without considering the forces acting over a body. The use of kinematics is still very limited when we are evaluating dogs because of the high cost of the equipment, but the information obtained is objective and precise, what is essential for a trustful evaluation. Taking all this into consideration, this evaluation will describe some researches that used the method, specifying the final objective for each of them. By this analysis, we can conclude that kinematic studies, according to the characteristics of dog races, are necessary to explain how body structure and conformance may affect the function. Besides that, according to normative patterns of a population it is possible to study some diseases and treatment evolution

Estudo do envelhecimento da liga AA 7075 encruada

Aluminum alloys are widely used in industry, because they combine different mechanical properties according to the alloying elements used in addition to thermal and mechanical treatments performed, resulting in materials with good weight/resistance relation. The 7XXX series alloys are worked heat treatable alloys commonly used in the aerospace industry, especially due to their high mechanical properties obtained after aging heat treatment, which increases the interest around 7075 alloy. Some studies with alloys which can be aged show that it is possible that cold word processes affect the results of aging. Thus, this study was intended to verify the influence of the aging process of AA 7075 alloy. There were three routes of aging with specimens previously treated thermally. In the first route T6 treatment was performed with a annealed specimen and other in solid solution. The second was the natural aging in a annealed specimen. In the last route was done aging by steps with a annealed specimen and other in solid solution with the intention to reduce the effects of natural aging. The results show that the routes 1 and 3 had similar hardness for all the samples, showing that the validity of Route 3 as an alternative and also the hardening did not affect the hardness at the end of the process, significantly reducing the time required for the highest hardness. Finally, natural aging was less effective in increasing hardness

Aspectos reprodutivos e sociais e resistência óssea em ratos machos submetidos ao exercício físico e/ou a um anabolizante esteróide

Nowadays the regular practice of sports is known as a way to obtain a better quality of life. On the other hand, the media has been distorting this idea, determining the ideal body as the hypertrophy phenotype. It is well known that the genetic factor does not allow all individuals to have this body shape. Besides the fact that, the anxiety of these people in obtain quick results, as one of the globalization’s consequence, make use of anabolic steroid to achieve this goal. However the bodybuilding or the strength muscle gain, make anabolic steroids users abuse and in major cases the users do not know the side effects. In front of these considerations, the present study evaluated the effects of the treatment with anabolic steroids and/or high intensity physical training on the corporal developing, the reproductive organs, bone parameters (strength and bone deformation) and seminal parameters as well the social behavior (aggressiveness). In other to obtain the experimental group, male Wistar rats were used, with 75 days old. The groups were divided into: Vehicle Non-Training (NV), Anabolic Steroid-Non-Training (NA), Vehicle-Training (TV) and Anabolic Steroid-Training (TA). These rats received i.m. injections, twice a week, of anabolic steroid (5mg/kg per animal of nandrolona decanoate) or vehicle (the same volume of peanut oil per animal) and the group TV and TA were submitted to physical training three times per week, during eight weeks. The body mass, wet weight of reproductive organs, femur and semen of the different groups were measured. The aggressive test was also realized in two steps: the first, within 4 weeks of the treatment and the other step in the end of the treatment, in this period the animal was isolated. It was not observed alterations in body mass of the groups. Though it was observed a benefic effect on the maximum strength of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Sistema jagunço: localismo e universalismo em Grande sertão : veredas

Under different perspectives of interpretation and analysis, the notions of localism and universalism in the fictional production of Guimarães Rosa have been strongly explored by the criticism, especially in Grande sertão: veredas [The devil to pay in the backlands], in which these two dimensions – overlapped and complementary – become more intricate and profuse. Taking the analytical line of historical, social and political dimensions of the novel for granted – not regarding it as an essay or strict allegory of the country – the present study proposes a new reading of the composition with the interpretation of the articulation of these two dimensions in the forming of the “jagunço system” (ROSA, 1970, p.391), that is a concept created by Guimarães Rosa and which transcends the historical and sociological reality. The articulation of the social, political and cultural elements figure in Guimarães Rosa’s fiction and becomes an issue for wider debates and reflections, so that the particular element of the novel enables a universal survey. Based on diverse critical apprehensions of the novel, this paper aims to investigate the levels of the literary composition in which the local-universal articulation associated with the representation of the jagunço is constructed. In order to do that, the theoretical study is based on three dimensions of studies: a) critical essays about Guimarães Rosa, the totality of his work and specific critical essays about Grande sertão: veredas [The devil to pay in the backlands] and the “jagunço system”, b) theoretical apparatus concerning the history, the politics and the Brazilian culture related to the cangaço; and c) theoretical subsidies for the study of the narrative

Analise dos esforços de laminação no dimensionamento de um laminador de bancada

The industry produces rolled, starting to and passing through casting forming processes, for example, in the case in question the rolling. A large portion of rolled products are flat, these have specific characteristics during their production and properties after finished that must be analyzed. For this a study of these properties must be made in materials samples, in order to be able to first know the material in question or provide new properties to the material through the process of rolling flat products. In this way is interesting that the students of mechanical engineering have knowledge of rolling trials, and from this can better understand the behavior of rolled. With this purpose the project of a benchtop rolling mill for the rolling of flat is needed, this work is the project of a sizing of one rolling mill non-ferrous materials

Mensuração das dimensões cardíacas pelo método VHS (Vertebral Heart Size) em cães

It is imortant to be able to evaluate the cardiact size . In 1995, was proposed by Buchanan and Bücheler a new way to measure the dimensions of the cardiac silhouette. This study aims to gather several studies of the cardiac dimensions by VHS method in the right lateral recumbency of of different breeds of dogs in a single work, facilitating the assess to information. Deep chest breeds have a smaller mean VHS value than the barrel chest breeds, showing that there is a variation of the VHS values acoording to the thoracic conformation of each breed, which indicates that there is a need to recognize the specific VHS values according to the breed standard to not to interpret the cardiac measurement in a wrong way through not compatible reference values for the animal. There is the individual variation that should be taken into accont at the time of measurement. The VHS is a helper method to a radiographic evaluation of the heart, and the ultrasonography remains the gold standard for the evaluation of the cardiac chambers and other changes of the heart

Um contexto histórico e sócio-ambiental dos povos da floresta do Acre: ensaio sobre história recente desses povos e as políticas públicas estaduais do Governo da Floresta

O Estado do Acre, território mais recentemente incorporado ao Brasil, até meados do século XIX apresentava em seu território apenas povos tribais ameríndios, que lá habitavam desde milênios. O histórico de povoamento mais recente do estado (a partir da segunda metade do século XIX) está atrelado com o mercado internacional da borracha, a região foi o destino de milhares de pessoas em busca de fazer a vida explorando as seringueiras. A partir de então uma série de disputas fundiárias ocorreram na região, o que foi um dos fatores que influenciaram na conformação da sociedade acreana. O movimento ambientalista surgiu no estado como resultado dessas disputas fundiárias na segunda metade do século XX. No final da década 90 o governo estadual, assimilando o discurso ambientalista, assume o governo com a Frente Popular do Acre, composta por uma série de partidos, com o autodenominado “Governo da Floresta” e usando o neologismo “florestania” como símbolo do projeto do governo. Apesar de utilizar amplamente em seu discurso temáticas ambientais e dos povos da floresta, acabou ao longo dos anos tendo atitudes com um cunho mais doutrinador do que emancipador. A discrepância entre a prática e o discurso do “Governo da Floresta” é então analisada a partir de conceitos como “Ecologia dos Saberes” e “Biopoder”, conceitos que auxiliam na identificação das atitudes de cunho doutrinador postas em prática pelo governo. Considerando como “ecologia dos saberes” aquela forma de conhecimento que tem a premissa um reconhecimento da pluralidade de conhecimentos heterogêneos que em interações sustentáveis e dinâmicas entre eles não comprometem suas autonomias e “biopoder” como aquela forma de poder que exerce a sua dominação sobre a própria vida da população, estabelecendo como é que esses devem viver

Modelos de tratamento para adenocarcinomas de próstata tratados por radioterapia conformacional 3D

Radiotherapy is a branch of medical physics related to the treatment of malignant neoplasm, being an important instrument in the fight against cancer, when combined with the effort of a multidisciplinary team, composed of, physicians, physicists, nurses and technicians. Every year more than 3.5 million new cases of cancer are recorded in the world, being the prostate cancer responsible for approximately 25% of this amount (INCA and IARC, 2008). In this type of cancer, radiotherapy is a method indicated for treatement. The technological advance in this area over years has allowed a greater accuracy in the tumor location, more conformation of the radiation beam around the tumor, reducing the dose in healthy tissues and a consequent dose increase on treatment (Bedford et al., 1999). A radiotherapy planning, in which the physicist develops an important role, is composed of several steps, including choosing the best configuration of treatment beams. This choice has a close relationship with success of therapy and is critical to achieve the best distribution of dose inside the tumor and expose the least as possible the healthy tissue to radiation. In this work, two options for setting up camps in the first phase in a treatment of prostate cancer were simulated in computer planning: 4 fields orthogonal or “Box” with gantry angles in 00, 1800, 2700 e 90° and 4 fields angled or “X” (1350, 450, 3150 e 2250). The percentage of the rectal volume exposed to 40, 50, 60, 72 and 76 Gy should be limited to 60, 50, 25, 15 and 5% respectively (Greco et al., 2003). The femoral toxicity have limited dose by 70% of the total dose prescribed in a prostate treatment (Bedford et al., 1999). The planning of 27 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma submitted to 3D conformal radiotherapy were accompanied. As a result, it was assessed that the best TCP (tumor control probability)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Caracterização do defeito tipo trinca de laminação, ocorrido no processo de laminação de barras de aço

The mechanical forming processes are the main means of transformation. Among all processes, the most used is rolling and broken down into flat and non-flat products. In the flat products are classified plates, and products no plans bars and profiles. Thus laminating products, mostly, are the raw materials for other processes of transformation, as stamping, forging, machining, bending and more. This work has focused on non-flat products, classified as bars and rods, watching a key point in the proceedings that is the product quality. Here is demonstrated through metallographic analysis of steel bars, hot-rolled, the characteristics of surface cracks in these bars

Produção e avaliação da estabilidade de enzimas fúngicas

As enzimas estão presentes em todas as células vivas, onde exercem a função de catalisadores das reações que compõem as vias catabólicas e anabólicas do metabolismo celular. Esses biocatalisadores são moléculas de proteínas e seu poder catalítico está associado à conformação nativa, que depende de condições específicas de pH, temperatura e força iônica do meio. Os micro-organismos são bastante atrativos para a indústria, pois possibilitam a produção de enzimas por processos fermentativos em larga escala com regularidade necessária e simplicidade na requisição nutricional. Assim, embora alguns biocatalisadores sejam extraídos de tecidos animais e vegetais, as enzimas industriais são, em sua maior parte, obtidas a partir de micro-organismos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a produção das enzimas lipase e β-glucanase a partir dos fungos Aspergillus niger e Trichoderma reesei, respectivamente, em diferentes meios de cultura, para determinar as condições de maior produção da enzima em questão. As enzimas produzidas em agitador orbital foram obtidas a partir da filtração do produto da fermentação, precipitação com sulfato de amônio e liofilização. Após a produção e precipitação a atividade das enzimas e a concentração de proteínas foram quantificadas, os parâmetros cinéticos foram determinados frente a diferentes pHs, temperaturas e força iônica do meio. A lipase apresentou melhor atividade a 30°C e em pH 6,0. A presença dos íons Mg2+ e Zn2+ levaram a um aumento na atividade da enzima. A β-glucanase apresentou maiores atividades quando submetidas a 37°C e pH 5,0. Os íons Mg2+, Cu2+ e Ca2+ induziram melhor a atividade enzimática.

Estudo da deformação heterogênea no ensaio do anel de atrito

The plastic deformation is widely used in the metallurgical market due to its positive factors such as low prices and high speed production. Forming process products are obtained in high quality, both surface quality and mechanical properties. Friction is an importante factor in metal forming. Friction study in metal forming can be accomplished indirectly, such as the ring test of friction. Two samples of different materials being mild steel and copper alloy were used. The results showed the influence of friction in the flow behavior of the deformation of the second phase, as evidenced by standard metallography. It is observed that in the outer regions of the ring, plastic deformation occured in the radial direction. In the central region of the disc deformation occured in the direction of compression and the inner region of the ring flux lines showed a significant deformation in the radial direction towards the center of the ring

Medidas de adequação ambiental para indústria de leite e derivados, como requisito para gestão ambiental

The society continues demonstrating its need regarding the products and services, even though it becomes increasingly value the protection of the environment. In this context, environmental management is defined as a management method that emphasizes to continuously improve results and promote sustainable development. Moreover it has as a tool the laws which provide the benchmarks and mechanisms for companies to adapt their activities in such a way that does not alter the quality of the environment. In this sense, in order to propose improvements to a dairy aiming their environmental suitability, a present study was prepared by following the production activities of the enterprise, the raising of standards and applicable legal requirements and environmental assessment for the preparation of an array of aspects and impacts with the task of identifying the most significant according to MOREIRA (2006). The results indicated that some of the impacts of high relevance are related to the generation of wastewater and solid waste, which do not have treatment and / or proper disposal and indeed require intervention for their suitability. Through, these results were drawn up proposals for actions conformation. In addition, they were proposed meeting the requirement for health and safety at work, in accordance with the standard regulations. This study has the function, therefore, propose to the company in question, an environmental management plan that ensures the protection of the environment and health of employees and consequently the improvement of production processes and products

A política externa em direitos humanos no governo Lula (2003-2010)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Situação Espacial de Franquias na América do Sul: morfologia e centralidade urbanas em cidades médias da Argentina, Brasil e Chile

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)