Conhecimentos e habilidades de acadêmicos sobre procedimentos em semiologia e semiotécnica da enfermagem

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

A manifestação da vontade da criança na disputa judicial da guarda: escuta psicanalítica/

Currently, in custody disputes, the child has the right to be heard and to have its opinion considered, according to its age and maturity. The psychologist/psychoanalyst who works in the Family Court is required to produce a Report with the purpose of helping the Court´s decision. The present research aims to discuss and to find guiding principles for the hearing of the declaration of the child´s will in a custody dispute by its parents, from a psychoanalytical perspective. The case of a nine year old girl that affirmed in Court the desire of living with the mother and seeing the father only once a year is the starting point of this theoretical research over the psychoanalytic fundaments of the hearing of the case, how it appeared in that experience and how it was reflected in the report. Throughout this work, the peculiarities of psychoanalysis as a way of understanding the subject and the conditions that must be observed so that a sctrictu sensu analytic hearing is possible are studied. Then we present a reflection of the case, in the light of the theories studied, verifying that we could observe in the experience: i) the assumption of a subject of the unconscious, divided and desire full that constitutes itself from the oedipic structuration, that leads to the difference between speech and speak; ii) the concept of the child as having a sexuality of its own; iii) a hearing based on the ethic principles of psychoanalysis and the analysts'' formation. In the final considerations, we state that the institutional demand of a meaning for the case is a great difficulty for the analyst since he works from a place of 'not-knowing"

As especificidades da clínica psicanalítica com crianças na neurose e na psicose: conseqüências para a direção do tratamento

This dissertation aims to answer the question: What are the specifics of psychoanalytical clinic with children in neurosis and psychosis and its consequences for the treatment direction? It constitutes a theoretical study based on Freud, Lacan and the current productions of Lacanian psychoanalysts about the clinic with children. It presents some clinical vignettes. To answer this question, were constructed four chapters. The chapter The subject constitution treats the psychoanalysis subjectivity, based on a structure from the relationship with the Other. Key concepts of Lacanian psychoanalysis are shown, necessary to understand what becomes present in clinic with children. The second chapter, The clinic of neurosis, reveals the structure of the subject in its oedipal mooring held by the Name-of the-Father, that separates the mother-child dual relationship. The child neurosis is the effect of psyche constitution and the symptoms are an interpretation of what child picks up from parents and helps him/her on the passage through the Oedipus. The analyst is there to help him/her through this path. The next chapter is entitled The clinic of psychosis. In psychosis the non-occurrence of the Name-of-the-Father is concerned. The subject is stuck in duality with the mother, and becomes what fills the Other s gap. To protect themselves, they have to be in incessant work. The analyst will be a child s partner in daily work already carried out by him/her. The last chapter, The consequences for the treatment direction, shows that the standard analytic treatment works well to the clinic of neurosis. To psychosis it s not true. Psychoanalysts thought about a different way of psychotic children treatment: the practice held in a multiprofessional team work. The practice shared by many has been a team strategy applied to the institutional practice that aims to attenuate the invasive character of the Other, facilitating the partnership between the analyst and the child in treatment and the Other contention

O saber na perspectiva psicanalítica de orientação freudo-lacaniana: um estudo teórico

This work came from a research question, namely authorizing a child to learn, lifted from the care of a child of 09 years in the school service of a private university located in Natal, whose complaint referred to a learning disorder more specifically, not the formalization of reading and writing. To undertake a survey of the Lacanian psychoanalytic - Freudian literature on learning, we find the concept of knowledge as fundamental to the analysis of this issue which led us to investigate the history of its co nstruction in Freud and Lacan, with a view to shed light on their relationship to learn. This is a theoretical type of research with the proposal to revisit the concept of knowledge in the work of Freud and Lacan's teaching, in which case only served as th e trigger point of this work. We found that in both these authors, the concept of knowledge is associated to the unconscious exclusively and can be hinged to learn the way of the desire to know. It concludes that learning is a process that involves the unconscious knowledge. Consequently, learning disorders may be linked to the impossible into play in the know about the desire to find himself alienated the significant of what operates as forbidden to know when not referred only or also of teaching and / or educational aspects. This shows us that the complaints that come to the clinic can illustrate dilemmas experienced by the speaking, related to subjective questions. Deviations from the possibility of learning may indicate in these cases, a manifestation of what is singular and very impossibility of generalization when it comes to subjects. With this, also attest that the relations of the subject with knowledge effect in learning processes.

O voto e seus enigmas: A dimensão subjetiva das escolhas eleitorais

Ce travail analyse la portée subjective des Choix Électoraux à travers la notion psychanalytique du désarroi humain. Nous avons développé cette recherche ayant pour référence la pensée de Freud et de Lacan et suivant les jalons posés par les penseurs des sciences sociales nous nous sommes rapprochées de la réalité sociale pour y « atteindre sur son horizon la subjectivité de notre époque ». La condition de désarroi fait partie de la structuration du sujet, du fait qu il dépend entièrement de l Autre pour se construire. Cependant l être humain se crée des mécanismes pour se protéger du désarroi absolu, il trouve des arts de vivre qui lui rendent plus facile sa condition d être. Les idéaux, les pactes sociaux ce sont des modalités de sécurité sans lesquelles le sujet fixe ses particularités sans s engager dans le processus civilisatoire. Nous caractérisons la société contemporaine par la chute successive d une série d idéaux qui fait monter de plus en plus le désarroi. Dans l absence d idéaux sociaux et politiques sur lesquels l électeur puisse se repérer, nous remaquons une tendance vers l individualisme et vers l absence d investissements dans des projets colectifs. Cette façon d opérer se dévoile aussi au moment de choisir un candidat, ce qui se base sur la logique du particulier motivée par des perspectives individuelles, sans liens avec la promotion de la vie publique. Notre enquête a été réalisée à Natal durant la campagne électorale de 2002. Notre objectif est de comprendre surtout la logique des choix électoraux de la population de la périphérie, celle qui se trouve devant un double désarroi : celle de sa condition humaine et celle qu advient de la précaire condition de subsistance. Nous soutenons que l idée selon laquelle le candidat, par la position qu il occupe dans la société, détient la fonction d offrir quelques garanties à l électeur et de cette manière il entre dans la série de ce qui peut soulager et promouvoir un certain réconfort aux personnes, même si l on considère le fait que l électeur ne croit plus à ses représentants. Nous sommes partis des questions suivantes: comment identifier la dimension subjective des choix électoraux et de quelle manière celle-ci se manifeste-t-elle de nos jours ? Comment se passe le choix éléctoral de la population qui est à la marge du système? La thèse que nous soutenons est que l état de désarroi est un substrat subjectif qui est la base de tout choix éléctoral mais qui se configure de façon différenciée à partir des références de l électeur, de son contexte historique, des facteurs économiques, etc. Le sujet, face à son désarroi, construit des chemins pour pouvoir soutenir son existence ce que nous appellons ici un Projet Directionnel. Ce facteur directionnel est l un des éléments de motivation des électeurs dans leurs choix électoraux

A literatura na sala de aula: uma alternativa de ensino transdisciplinar

The present thesis studies the appropriate education of the literary gender based in an approach of trans-disciplinary teaching. The main objectives will be to survey the degree of trans-disciplinarity of the literary reading in classrooms and to propose the literary reading as an alternative of trans-disciplinary teaching. The theoretical contributions, which sustain the lines of central argument of this thesis, are related to the critical theories on the epistemological and methodological crisis in the speech of the modernity; the emergency of an emerging paradigm under the optics of the speech of the post-modernity; the theories concerned to curriculums and their interrelations with the school teaching; the theories of the complexity and of the inter and trans-disciplinarity; theories of the reading and of the literature, more precisely the literary semiology and the aesthetics of the acceptance; theories about the pedagogic mediation starting from presupposed and trans-disciplinary principles. The methodological foundations, of the type inter and trans-disciplinary, which anchor the approach of the study is related to a line of qualitative analyses applied the teaching-learning situation accomplished during the data collection during the empiric stage of the research. The analyzed corpus is composed of episodes originated from the classes with literary texts accomplished in the months of June and December of 2005, under the orientation of a complex and trans-disciplinary didacticism. The involved subjects are students in the age group of 9 and 13 years of age from a public school in the county of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, in the State of Pernambuco. Starting from the discoveries found during the research, so much bibliographical, as that of the field, it is possible to conclude, among other things, that the literary reading, when mediated accordingly in the classroom, is a trans-disciplinary object of high degree, because the literary reading can allow and make it possible to the real reader, through a necessary process of speculation on life and its unfolding, solid reflection around the individual and collective occurrences so much in simpler instances as in more complex ones

Validação de instrumentos para avaliação do conhecimento e da habilidade acerca da higienização simples das mãos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Validação de instrumentos para avaliação da habilidade e do conhecimento acerca da medida da pressão arterial

This study aimed to validate tools for evaluating the ability and knowledge about blood pressure (BP) among nursing students. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative and methodological study accomplished at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN) and a private university of the state. The sample consisted of 27 judges of research selected from the inclusion criteria: nursing, teachers of the semiology and/or semiotics discipline, with at least 1 year of experience, being from UFRN, EEN, UERN and private university of the state and and agree to participate voluntarily with the signing of the consent form. The research was development in three stages: construction of two instruments based on the scientific literature, resulting in a structured checklist consists of 28 items and a knowledge questionnaire with 12 questions; submission of the instruments to the judges, in the period from June to September 2012, which should evaluate each item in appropriate , appropriate with changes and inappropriate , addition to making an overall assessment of each instrument based on 10 requirements; validation and verification to the level of agreement among the judges, through the application of Kappa and Content Validity Index (CVI). Was used the consensus level greater than 0.61 (good) to the Kappa index and greater than 0.75 for CVI. Was approved by the Ethics in Research / HUOL. After being coded and tabulated, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Of the 27 judges who evaluated the instrument, 77.8% are female, with a mean age of 36.6 (± 9.0) years, 63.0% worked in UFRN, 74.1% had academic master and 63.0% worked exclusively on teaching. Average length of teaching experience was 7.9 (± 8.0) years and in the semiology and/or semiotics discipline of 5.5 (± 6.7) years. In the judgment of structured checklist and questionnaire of knowledge about blood pressure mensurement any item/question was considered inappropriate since all obtained level of agreement within the indices established (CVI> 0,75 E Kappa> 0.61). In relation to structured checklist, of those 28 items present, 9 showed perfect concordance index (CVI = 1.00, Kappa = 1.00) and another 19 were considered appropriate with changes, especially with regard to clarity and vocabulary. In the questionnaire of knowledge, among the 12 questions that comprised, 7 had perfect concordance index and the others were considered appropriate with changes as requirements as clarity, vocabulary, and feasible sequence of instructional topics. In terms of a overall evaluating of instruments, the structured checklist got CVI of 0.94 and Kappa of 0.89 and the knowledge questionnaire, CVI of 0.97 and a kappa of 0.94. Both instruments proved to be valid as to their content, configuring it as clear and objective tools of assessment of knowledge and ability on blood pressure, being of nursing students as well as others students and health professionals, since the use of valid measures seeking to reduce the risk of distorting the results

Validação de instrumentos para avaliação do conhecimento e da habilidade acerca da sondagem vesical de demora

That study had the aim to validate an instrument to evaluate the knowledge about the Urinary Catheterization (UC) in males. Cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative and methodological study, accomplished in Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN) and a private university from Rio Grande do Norte. Sample of 27 judges selected from the inclusion criteria: registered nurses, discipline of semiology and/or semiotics teachers, with at least 1 year of experience in the disciplines, to work at UFRN, UERN or in private university and agree to participate voluntarily with the signing of the Consent Form. Study developed in three stages: a) elaboration of twos instruments based on the scientific literature, resulting in a structured observation script type checklist consisting of 36 items and a knowledge questionnaire with 12 questions; b) submission of instruments to judges from June to September 2012, which should evaluate each item in "adequate," "adequate with changes" and "inappropriate", and make an overall evaluation of each instrument based on 10 requirements; c) and validation with a verification of the agreement level among the judges, through the application of Kappa Index (K) and Content Validity Index (CVI). It was used the consensus level higher than 0.60 (good) for Kappa Index and higher than 0.70 for CVI. The research project had favorable opinion from the Ethics in Research/HUOL (CAAE n. 0002.0.294.000-10). After being coded and tabulated, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Of the 27 judges who evaluated the instrument, 77.8% are female, with a mean age of 36.6 (± 9.0) years, 63.0% worked in UFRN, 74.1% had master degree and 63.0% worked exclusively on teaching. The experience time mean in teaching was 7.9 (± 8.0) years and in the disciplines of semiology and/or semiotics in nursing was 5.5 (± 6.7) years. In judgment of the checklist and knowledge questionnaire, no step/question was considered inappropriate, since all achieved level of agreement within the established values. All the checklist steps obtained good to excellent K (between 0.60 and 1.00). Of the 36 items, 25 had excellent K (0.75 ≤ K <1.00) and excellent total K (K = 0.83). Regarding the IVC, all steps reached levels above 0.70 (between 0.74 and 1.00) and CVI total was 0.90. All questionnaire questions evaluated separately (K from 0.60 to 0.93 and CVI from 0.74 to 0.96) and generally (K from 0.79 to 1.00 and CVI from 0.89 to 1.00) had evaluation levels of content validity within the established values. The instruments were reformulated based on the agreement levels between judges and international guidelines, dissertations and scientific articles. Both instruments proved to be valid regarding to their content, allowing a clear and objective evaluation of knowledge and skills about UC, both nursing students as well as other students and health professionals, since the use of valid measures seeking the reduction of the risk of the results distorted

Entre orquídeas e girassóis :o laboratório de Enfermagem na visão de estudantes

To study the teaching/learning process about the Nursing procedures carried out in the laboratory, and learn both the sapiens and the demens dimensions of such process, is the main purpose of this study. The objectives are to: identify the major laboratory contributions to the teaching/learning process from the point of view of undergraduate students and the feelings they express; describe the difficulties they have identified; and analyze the relevance of the laboratory to this process. As part of the inquiry procedure, four core group meetings were held with 26 undergraduate students who had completed the course on Semiology and Semiotics in Nursing, which is the course where the Nursing laboratory is most needed as a learning space. The analysis, based on a qualitative approach, had as fundamental theoretical support studies made by Friedlander and Hayashida, who deal with learning/teaching in the Nursing laboratory, and by authors who favor humanization in teaching such as, among others, Freire, Maturana, Morin, Assmann. Results point toward the relevance of the Nursing laboratory as a facilitator for the learning/teaching process. In their speech the students repeatedly state that the development of procedures in simulated situations enable them to become more self-assured and technically prepared for caring. In addition, they emphasize that feelings such as fear, lack of confidence, anxiety, anguish and panic become diminished at the time of their clinic experience when they have had previous learning in the laboratory. They have also acknowledged that some difficulties of structural nature have become obstacles to a high-quality learning development. In summary, in spite of the difficulties that have been pointed out by the students concerning the use of the Nursing laboratory in the learning/teaching process, they also recognize that this is the locus par excellence where they can develop their skills and appease their anxieties

Validação de instrumentos para avaliação do conhecimento e da habilidade acerca da punção venosa periférica com cateter agulhado

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Validação de conteúdo de instrumentos sobre conhecimento e habilidade em sondagem nasogástrica

Este estudo teve como objetivo construir e validar conteúdo de instrumentos avaliativos sobre conhecimento e habilidade de enfermagem no procedimento de sondagem nasogástrica. Trata-se de um estudo metodológico realizado na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) e na Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN). A amostra foi composta por 23 juízes, selecionados a partir dos critérios de inclusão: serem enfermeiros, docentes nas disciplinas de Semiologia e/ou Semiotécnica de Enfermagem, ter no mínimo um ano de experiência nestas disciplinas e ser das instituições selecionadas para o estudo. A pesquisa se desenvolveu em três etapas: (A) construção de dois instrumentos com base na revisão da literatura que resultou em um roteiro de observação da habilidade estruturado composto por 28 itens e um questionário sobre o conhecimento com 12 questões; (B) submissão dos instrumentos aos juízes, no período de junho a setembro de 2012, os quais deveriam julgar cada item como adequado , adequado com alterações ou inadequado , além de fazer uma avaliação geral de cada instrumento baseada em 10 critérios adaptados do referencial metodológico de Pasquali; e (C) validação com a verificação do nível de concordância entre os juízes, por meio da aplicação do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) e do Índice Kappa. Utilizou-se o nível de consenso maior que 0,75 para o IVC e maior que 0,61 (bom) para o Índice Kappa. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (CEP/HUOL), sob CAAE nº 0002.0.294.000-10. Após serem codificados e tabulados, os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Dos 23 juízes, 87% eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 36,5 anos, 73,9% atuavam na UFRN, 78,3% possuíam mestrado acadêmico e 69,6% atuavam exclusivamente na docência. A média de tempo de experiência na docência foi de 7,9 anos e nas disciplinas de Semiologia e/ou Semiotécnica de Enfermagem foi de 5,6 anos. No julgamento do roteiro de observação estruturado e do questionário sobre o conhecimento, nenhum item/questão considerou-se inadequado, uma vez que todos obtiveram nível de concordância dentro dos índices estabelecidos (IVC > a 0,75 e Kappa > 0,61). Em relação ao roteiro estruturado para avaliar habilidade, dos 28 itens presentes, 13 apresentaram índice de concordância perfeito (IVC=1,00; Kappa= 1,00) e outros 15 foram considerados adequados com alterações, principalmente no que diz respeito à sequência instrucional dos tópicos, clareza e vocabulário. No questionário sobre o conhecimento, dentre as 12 questões que o compunham, 03 apresentaram índice de concordância perfeito e as demais adequadas com alterações quanto aos critérios vocabulário, clareza, atualização e precisão. Em relação à avaliação geral dos instrumentos, o roteiro estruturado de habilidade obteve IVC de 0,95 e Kappa de 0,91 e o questionário do conhecimento, IVC de 0,97 e Kappa de 0,94. Os dois instrumentos mostraram-se válidos quanto ao seu conteúdo, e constituem ferramentas para fomentar a qualidade da assistência de enfermagem em relação ao conhecimento e à habilidade em sondagem nasogástrica

Um olho torto na literatura de Graciliano Ramos

This dissertation analyses, within a psychoanalytical e literary perspective, the enigma of blindness in Graciliano Ramos s work. The approach takes into account, mainly, the narratives of Histórias de Alexandre (Alexandre s tales) and Infância (Childhood memories) as both books speak of the same theme: the injured eye. The writer s work is scourged so that a broaden symbolism regarding the hurt eye can be found. The subject is discussed from three significant elements: fragmentation, helplessness and melancholy; all these form the creative aesthetic of Graciliano, merging into a single object. Fragmentation representing the internal shattered world of his characters, which is reflected in the environment; helplessness, directly related to feelings of rejection; and melancholy, characterized by a strong feeling of emptiness. The theme of isolation and loss is discussed based on Mourning and melancholy, by Freud, and other theorizers. There is also a brief dialogue with the Romantic and philosophical theories, which tries to explain the melancholic condition in the individual before moments of distress. Such theories are the support for the understanding of the helplessness of the hero in Graciliano Ramos´s literature and for the assumption that the blindness in the mistreated boy of the book Infância could be the language of the traumatic aspect that colors the entire text of the writer. As matter of fact, it constitutes in the lost object represented in the anguish of the author s characters

Trocando Olhares: o desejo, o amor, a angústia e a dor na poesia de Florbela Espanca

In this work, Florbela Espanca poetry is analyzed. The objective is to prove that the loving thematic in her poetry tissues a connection among wish, love and sorrow. The psychoanalitic boarding is the basis to elucidate this connection,which begans with the sight, since mythology, passing by the portuguese literature begining periods and repeating itself in Florbela contemporanian poets. If Florbela poetry corroborates the portuguese literature tradiction, otherwise, it exposes the subject human being face, being a wishful creature

O chiste em Tutaméia: riso que (des)vela

The aim of this paper is to present the study of the laughter in Tutaméia, by João Guimarães Rosa, throughtout the four forewords and ten novels selected from the author s literary work. It is based on the psychoanalytical theory of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan about the laughter (and delight in the humorous nuances) and the unconscious mind. By taking the laughter as the point of exploitation and understanding, the narration can be understood from an esthetical pattern established on the variety of orallity retained by the narrator and the cordel pamphlets (known as string literature ) and its bypassing on the classical literature and the popular literature revealing its own logical linguistic and conception apart from the official one. It is taken a comparative conception of life in the François Rabelais characters and some characters from Tutaméia having Melim-Meloso as a paradigm showing how one s life can be happy in spite of all adversities by using laughter as the antidote potion against human being s misery and pain to achieve sense of freedom and pleasure