Sistema de gestão ambiental na produção de água mineral

It s more and more evident the subject of the shortage of water, worsened by the accelerated urbanization, growth of the population, increase of the demand and of the costs of its treatment, factors that are also tied up to the increase of the consumption of mineral waters, whose chemical composition or physical-chemistries characteristics do with that are considered beneficial to the health. The growth accelerated all over the world in its consumption aims the concern with the waters quality, the health and the incentive to the consumption of natural products. However, in spite of quite valuable, that resource is explored, most of the time, without optimization of production or actions that avoid wastefulness. This research is justified for the need of minimizing the negative environmental impacts caused by the mineral water s production, mainly in what it say about the generation of effluents and wastes in the productive process, through the study, development and application of cleaner production tools for the environmental management, pertinent for that section. The applicability of Environmental Management System was determined by means of the characterization of the environmental aspects of productive process in a company of the section, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte and of the discussion of the panoramas that demonstrate the tendency for a sustainable development. Actions as a reforestation, optimization of energy and water uses, recycle of solid residues and water reuse were applied during the research, resulting in the considerable reduction of wastes of raw materials and inputs and consequent environmental and economic won. A specific methodology was proposed with concepts of Environmental Management, integrating with Quality Management. As foundations for the elaboration of the methodology, it was realized a similarity analysis among the systems and, mainly, an analysis of the experiences observed in the case study, including specificities, needs and difficulties of the company. With these results, the implantation of a EMS as a company strategy has environmental, economic and social benefits, and this research can be applied and adequate to others companies and sectors

Estratégia pública de gestão ambiental :uma contribuição para a realização de eventos públicos

The present study is included in the environmental international theme, approaching the search for the environmental conformity in public events. It describes the main environmental impacts, objects of the study Sound Disturbances, implications concerning the increase in the Volume of Traffic and in the volume of Solid Residues generated in the surroundings of the event. The methodology used consists of the report of the case study of the festivity called Carnatal, held in Natal/RN, in December of 2001. As a work method, it was used a quantitative evaluation of the sound intensity level, according to the effective legislation, an electronic count of volume of traffic and an evaluation of the productive performance of the means of production of public urban sanitation company used in the event. The results pinpoint the recognition of the impacts generated by the event and the proposition of a Program of Environmental Management, aiming at, in addition to the establishment of the instruments and goals for the mitigation of the impacts, defining the role of the social actors in the search for the environmental conformity of festivities

Elaboração de um plano de gerenciamento integrado de resíduos sólidos no restaurante universitário da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

The concern about preservation of the environment reaches different layers and sections of global society. The environmental prior quality of our planet can only be reached through changes in the attitudes taken in relation due to the waste generated by society, this also lead involving the education sector, in example of the Superior Education Institutions where the concept of ambiental management needs to gain a growing space.In the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, can be found the Universitary Restaurant as an example of a Food and Nutrition Unit, it is a restaurant destined to provide services to the academic comunity with the production and distribution of meals. In this operational context the work itself aims subsidies and funds to the search of as minimal generation of residues as possible, applying environmentally correct processes and practices. The work was developed in the period of September to October of 2009 in the Universitary Campus of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in the Universitary Restaurant of the referred institution. The project involved all the employees of the restaurant and used like method the action survey. The produced waste was characterized, arranged according with it s nature (organic or inorganic) classificated following the NBR ISO 14004, adapted by Kinasz (2004) that adjusts the Standards to the specific reality of Food and Nutrition Services being diagnosed an expressive amount of produced waste in the Universitary Restaurant, it can be assured that a culture of wasting is very present and exists, contributing to the rise of solid residues, damaging the environment and consequently reflecting in the costs and expenses of the Unity, a known fact that characterizes and justifies the need of a promoting and active action that leads to positive reflexes in the economic and environmental area, drafting a Plan for Integrate Management of Solid Residues on the Universitary Restaurant of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte

Reaproveitamento e caracterização dos resíduos orgânicos provenientes do Programa MESA DA SOLIDARIEDADE da CEASA/RN

As an auxiliary tool to combat hunger by decreasing the waste of food and contributing for improvement of life quality on the population, CEASA/RN has released from August/03 to August/05 the program MESA DA SOLIDARIEDADE. Despite of the positive results of this program, that has already distributed around 226 tons of food, there is still food being thrown in the trash as the deliver of the same food in its natural form would be a health risk to those who would consume it and only the correct processing of this food can make it edible. This work has as a goal the reuse of solid residues of vegetal origin generated by the CEASA/RN, through the Program MESA DA SOLIDARIEDADE and the characterization of the product obtained so it might be used as a mineral complement in the human diet. To the collecting of samples (from September until December /2004) it was developed a methodology having as a reference the daily needs of mineral salts for infants at the age of seven to ten. The sample was packed in plastic bags and transported in an ambient temperature to the laboratory where it was selected, weighted, disinfected, fractionated and dried to 70ºC in greenhouse. The dry sample was shredded and stored in bottles previously sterilized. The sample in nature was weighted in the same proportion of the dry sample and it was obtained a uniform mass in a domestic processor. The physical-chemical analyses were carried out in triplicate in the samples in nature and in the dry product, being analyzed: pH, humidity, acidity and soluble solids according to IAL (1985), mineral salts contents (Ca, K, Na, Mg, P and Fe) determined by spectrophotometry of Atomic Absorption, caloric power through a calorimetric bomb and presence of fecal traces and E. coli through the colilert method (APHA, 1995). During this period the dry food a base of vegetables presented on average 5,06% of humidity, 4,62 of pH, acidity of 2,73 mg of citric acid /100g of sample, 51,45ºBrix of soluble solids, 2.323,50mg of K/100g, 299,06mg of Ca/100g, 293mg of Na/100g, 154,66mg of Mg/100g, 269,62mg of P/100g, 6,38mg of Fe/100g, caloric power of 3,691Kcal/g (15,502KJ/g) and is free of contamination by fecal traces and E..coli. The dry food developed in this research presented satisfactory characteristics regarding to its conservation, possessing low calories, constituting itself a good source of potassium, magnesium, sodium and iron that can be utilized as a food complement of these minerals

Estudo de técnicas para o tratamento alternativo de efluentes oleosos oriundos da industrialização da castanha de caju

An evaluation project was conducted on the technique of treatment for effluent oil which is the deriving process to improve cashews. During the evaluation the following techniques were developed: advanced processes of humid oxidation, oxidative processes, processes of biological treatment and processes of adsorption. The assays had been carried through in kinetic models, with an evaluation of the quality of the process by means of determining the chemical demand of oxygen (defined as a technique of control by means of comparative study between the available techniques). The results demonstrated that the natural biodegradation of the effluent ones is limited, as result using the present natural flora in the effluent one revealed impracticable for an application in the industrial systems, independent of the evaluation environment (with or without the oxygen presence). The job of specific microorganisms for the oily composite degradation developed the viability technique of this route, the acceptable levels of inclusion in effluent system of treatment of the improvement of the cashew being highly good with reasonable levels of removal of CDO. However, the use combined with other techniques of daily pay-treatment for these effluent ones revealed to still be more efficient for the context of the treatment of effluent and discarding in receiving bodies in acceptable standards for resolution CONAMA 357/2005. While the significant generation of solid residues the process of adsorption with agroindustrial residues (in special the chitosan) is a technical viable alternative, however, when applied only for the treatment of the effluent ones for discarding in bodies of water, the economic viability is harmed and minimized ambient profits. Though, it was proven that if used for ends of I reuse, the viability is equalized and justifies the investments. There was a study of the photochemistry process which have are applicable to the treatment of the effluent ones, having resulted more satisfactory than those gotten for the UV-Peroxide techniques. There was different result on the one waited for the use of catalyses used in the process of Photo. The catalyses contained the mixing oxide base of Cerium and Manganese, incorporated of Potassium promoters this had presented the best results in the decomposition of the involved pollutants. Having itself an agreed form the gotten photochemistry daily paytreatment resulted, then after disinfection with chlorine the characteristics next the portability to the water were guarantee. The job of the humid oxidation presented significant results in the removal of pollutants; however, its high cost alone is made possible for job in projects of reuses, areas of low scarcity and of raised costs with the capitation/acquisition of the water, in special, for use for industrial and potable use. The route with better economic conditions and techniques for the job in the treatment of the effluent ones of the improvement of the cashew possesses the sequence to follow: conventional process of separation water-oil, photochemistry process and finally, the complementary biological treatment

Diagnóstco geoambiental e avaliação de uso e ocupação do campo de dunas da zona especial de interesse turístco II (ZET-II) Natal/RN

The accelerated pressure of use and occupation of Rio Grande do Norte coastline in the last two decades presented the tourism as its main vector, having as a consequence a strong, articulated and growing real estate speculation of this area. In the Natal County there is a Zona Especial de Interesse Turistico II (Special Zone of Tourism Interest II) (ZET-II), consisted of urban beaches with approximately 8.5 km that is an important seashore of the city. The purpose of this research was identification, characterization and assessment of the process of use and occupation of dunes fields emphasizing the role of ZET-II, whereas the specific goals was the analysis of weather, geology and geomorphology, characterization of use and occupation of soil, and elaboration of an environmental diagnosis with identification and description of its mains consequences. The result of this work was the delineation of geologic-geomorphological map of the area with identification of principals units, determining its use and occupation, the measurement of the area already occupied by equipments, besides the description of the environmental impacts on dune fields: devastation, coastline erosion, ocean pollution by sewer and pluvial waters, contamination of groundwater, distribution inadequate of solid residues, landscape degradation, and occupation of seashore through the privatization of public areas. Concluding that the degrading changes occurred in this areas are resulting from the nature of use and urban seashore regulations, which have been diminishing the natural aspect, altering the landscape definitely, compromising the quality of hydro resources and altering its use, privatizing the areas between tides, complicating the population access and obstructing the scenery visualization of dunes and ocean. There is an urgent necessity of improvement of public politics in order to improve the strategies and organization of use and occupation of space urban-coastline