Os rostos da pobreza brasileira: an��lise cr��tica dos discursos do governo federal, da Veja e da Cufa

Brazilian constitution says that all Brazilians have basic survival rights such as education, sanitation and food, but these basic rights are luxury for some. So, thinking about this, this paper aims to develop a critical analysis about the (re)production of the discourse on poverty, and consequently on the poor, given by the federal government, through the official website of the program Brazil Without Poverty (Brasil Sem Pobreza), the media, represented by Veja magazine, and by those who affirm to be representatives of the poor; like the Single Central Slums (Central ��nica das Favelas CUFA). Our aim is to present a critical reflection on the discourses about the poverty in the voices of the government, Veja magazine (media representative) and CUFA (poor representative) and their contribution to the development of the meanings of the theme in Brazilian society. In order to do so, we have identified categories based upon Bajoit (2006a) to classify which the author calls faces of poverty . We have used the Sociological and Communicational Discourse Approach (ASCD) as developed by Pedrosa (2012a, 2012b, 2012c), within the Critical Discourse Analysis as theoretical apparatus, and also the studies in which the ASCD is built upon such as Sociology for Social Change (BAJOIT, 2006), the Cultural Studies (HALL, 2005), and the Functional Systemic Linguistic, especially the Evaluating System (MARTHIN & WHITE, 2005, VIAN JR et al, 2011). Thus, the discourse on poverty or on fighting poverty, extracted from news, chronicles and other genres of the mentioned vehicles, are taken as object of study to understand identities that are created and renewed on poverty and on the Brazilian poor, as their dependence on the government and civil society, their exploitation by the economy, and even the media that sometimes features them as delinquent

Pelo escuro: a poesia afro-brasileira de Oliveira Silveira

O presente estudo traz uma reflex��o sobre os discursos culturais afro-brasileiros e o lugar ocupado pela poesia em meio a uma sociedade racista. A pesquisa tem como prop��sito fazer um estudo da poesia de Oliveira Silveira (1968, 1970, 1977, 1981, 1987). Leva-se em considera����o a rela����o da produ����o po��tica de Oliveira com as propostas do movimento da Negritude e o di��logo l��cido que o mesmo estabelece com poetas vinculados ao referido movimento e como Silveira sugere dentro da literatura a negritude como uma forma de intersec����o na poesia brasileira. A proposta aqui apresentada observa tamb��m o hibridismo na po��tica de Oliveira Silveira ao se enfatizar um olhar sobre uma escrita comovida pelo tra��o do entre-lugar do discurso. Analisa-se a caracteriza����o de uma literatura gerada pelo tom de den��ncia ao desconstruir historicamente o que h�� muito tempo se estabelece como democracia racial . Em cumplicidade com a poesia regional do Rio Grande do Sul, a poesia de Oliveira vem permeada pela diversidade de ritmos que traduzem o legado da cultura negra mundo afora. Essa pesquisa sustenta-se nos estudos de Eduardo de Assis Duarte (2005, 2011) e Kabengel�� Munanga (2008, 2009) sobre Negritude e Identidade na literatura afro-brasileira, que se caracteriza como um movimento de consci��ncia pela reconstru����o ou mesmo revis��o hist��rica do que foi apagado no calabou��o dos navios negreiros. As leituras de Eduardo de Assis Duarte fomentam novos questionamentos, p��em em d��vida a exist��ncia de uma identidade essencialista. Aponta-se nessa travessia para uma pluralidade de identidades, constru��das por in��meros grupos culturais na encruzilhada dos diversos momentos hist��ricos. Analisam-se, portanto, a partir da cr��tica que Stuart Hall (2011) faz ao considerar as ideias de di��sporas, as fronteiras das margens no universo da p��s-coloniza����o. Por fim, h�� uma encruzilhada ao se pensar a partir de Kabengel�� Munanga, o discurso da negritude e da identidade negra nas rela����es sociais e culturais afrodescendentes

Cidade e identidade: discursividades imag��tico-espaciais e a constru����o da identidade espacial do Recife, Veneza Brasileira

This treatise analyzes the identitary setting called Veneza Brasileira (Brazilian Venice) which is subscribed to the discoursive materialization related to the imagetic setting (literary and mediatic) produced about the city of Recife. The main investigation of this research is to examine the way how the identitary setting called Veneza Brasileira has been constructed in the imagetic setting practices about the city of Recife in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This study is subscribed to the Applied Linguistics and considers the theoretical perspectives that come from the Cultural Studies which investigation basis is focused on authors such as: Hall (2006); Bauman (1999; 2001;2005); Silva (2000); and Castells (2000) related to the discussion over identity, as well as the discussion over Urban Studies presented in Santos (1997; 1999); Ferrara (1998); and Pesavento (2001). Moreover it is also based on the theoretical basis found in Foucault (2004; 2006; 2007). Furthermore theoretical-methodological approaches rely on the French Discourse Analysis (DA) found in Orlandi (2001); Gregolin (2007); and Courtine (2006). On being so, this treatise aims to: analyze the meaning effects over the production of the identitary setting, especially the so-called Veneza Brasileira, in the imagetic setting discoursive practices (Poems, Post Cards and Touristic Guides) which are produced over the urban setting of the city of Recife. This research is characterized by being qualitative and interpretative and the theoretical analytical approaches contributed to the reading of both poetic and iconic images presented in the excerpts of poems from the nineteenth century and early twentieth century in: Manuel Bandeira s poems, Carlos Pena Filho s poems, and Jo��o Cabral de Melo Neto s poems which were produced in the early and late twentieth century. Moreover, this study observed some photographic images in Post Cards and Touristic Guides related to the visiting of historical sites in Recife. One could conclude that the imagetic setting discourse about Recife produced different identitary effects over the so-called Veneza Brasileira along these three centuries: in the nineteenth century, the poetry constructed the utopia city along with the meaning effect of identitary unit; as for the twentieth century, one observed an oscillation between a utopia/heteroutopia city meaning effect of both united and fragmented identity, the latter one is prevalent. As for the twenty-first century, the media reconstructed over again the utopia city, and consequently, produced meaning effect of identitary unit. These same meaning effects of identity either corroborate or contradict to/with the concepts of the postmodernism over identity along these three centuries. In other words, considering the imagetic setting, this oscillation occurs in the proportion of one finds an (ex) inclusion of social agents that construct these same identities.

Microfilme: literatura e m��dia no correio feminino de Clarice Lispector

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico

A esfera como met��fora: representa����es do futebol no campo da literatura (leituras do tema no conto de fic����o)

Football, understood as a phenomenon of sports practice and nearly universal coverage, can also be seen as a game whose operation circumvents the cultural universe of people who practice it. Much more than just a sport, so this game is a cultural phenomenon par excellence, bearing a communicational and aesthetic dimension whose occurrence has been spotted in various fields of scientific and cultural. Therefore, it is as game and as a phenomenon of culture, we intend to focus on football here as an object of study. Our aim is to investigate the sport in Brazil taking the Literature and Journalism as privileged instances of their representation in the media. Thus, the central idea of this research is to show when and how football has become a recurrent theme in Brazilian literature, starting with its journalistic approach until we get an overview of the aesthetic representation of the game, Literature as the main focus of attention and taking the genre of fiction story as material fact of their representation. With this approach, we intend to develop an overall view, overview of the literature about football in our country and at the same time, particularize this vision in some representative authors of it, like the writer-journalist Mario Filho (the historian, essayist on the modernization of chronic specific theme), Jos�� Lins do Rego (writer passionate about the game), Nelson Rodrigues (the esthetician that elevated the sport to the status of art by chronic), Lima Barreto (who along with Antonio de Alcantara Machado pioneered the formalized within the fiction) and the storytellers of the topic itself. In the end, we intend to infer the results of evaluations and reviews of books and authors listed, we have examined a wide sense, but also vertical (and which were focused on a socio-historical perspective and critical-aesthetic) within the assumption that seems be a homology between the way football practice amongst us will historically winning characteristics as to form a Brazilian school of football, and how our writers, journalists will be addressing the topic, which also would focus on creating a "Brazilian way" of telling literary football. The proof of this hypothesis operational work together with the development of historiography and the necessity arising from it, creating a "Guide to Reading football theme in fictional tale of Brazil" shut the focal perspective of this study

Do picadeiro ao c��u : o riso no teatro de Ariano Suassuna

The analysis of this work seeks to investigate the meaning of the laughter in the paraibano writer Ariano Suassuna s armorial theater. The study departs, firstly, from an argumentation which centers its content in the theory of the many theoreticians of the question: Henri Bergson, Vladimir Propp, Jolles, Freud, Bakhtin. The essence of the laughter in Suassuna and its esthetic relations are commented, because those elements are responsible for the strength of the literary text. On the condition of scholar about Esthetic and Art History, Suassuna always puts the methods of the estheticism in favor of the loud laughter bearing in mind that it is a source of improvisation, i.e., it may have many senses depending on what it is pretended to transmit to the reader/viewer. The laughter is a mask which is changed to each new situation, representing that way own human condition. Because the theater is an art subjected to recreation, the laughter also is. And because it is a great party where other arts (the dance, the music, mamulengo e the bumba-meu-boi) are present, united to compose a confluent and hybrid language, the meaning of hilarity during the popular celebrations is studied mainly those that happened in Medieval Europe. Thus, in the second part, the basis of the research is the Russian Mikhail Bakhtin s theory that helps to link Suassuna s laughter to the popular party, showing the language used in them and the jokes that give life to the joy of the folk. Soon after, the importance of Suassuna s laughter to the Brazilian Culture, is examined making a reflection about its function at the sociocultural context of the country

Um olhar sobre as veredas rosianas.

The present work objective to study the configurations that the hinterland it acquires in the workmanship Great hinterland: trails, of Guimar��es Rosa demonstrating as this author humanize this element, conferring to it characters universal mystics and through investigations, uncertainties, the auto-corrections of Riobaldo that become hinterland a metaphor of the human interior. Three are the chapters, that they will guide this work: the chapter 1 presents as element key for characterization of the epic one in Great hinterland: trails, the mining hinterland replete of trails, palco of exuberant vegetation, huge and multidimensional scene, where it has an entrecruzamento of fiction and reality. It retakes quarrel of critics as Manuel Cavalcanti Proen��a, Roberto Schwarz, on the existing epic character in the Great hinterland: trails, constructed from deriving myths of the universal culture, that they had been become popular. The brave and gracious knight, that it has its representabilidade in the popular culture. Thus the medieval hero, the knight represented for the Riobaldo personage, it is cognominado by Proen��a as Don Riobaldo of the Urucuia, knight of the general fields. O chapter 2 is a study on the popular culture in Rosa and Cascudo. Cascudo the example of Rosa also is ex��mio studious of the brazilian life, the regionalization and the popular manifestations proceeding from other cultures. O chapter 3 it has as focus of analysis two mitopo��ticas personages: Diadorim e Luzia-Homem, which in the cited narratives they generally they assume functions generally atribute the men. Since children, if they dresses male. Valley to point out that Diadorim is not characterized as man, since in Great hinterland:trails if trajaq always as gunman. Luzia, when complete 18 anos pass if to dress as woman, but the stigma of male and female, inherited of the time where it coexisted the father folloies it for all the life. They suffer pain to have been born to fight and to n��o conhecer to love. They die you deliver the God. This study detects exactly that Diadorim and Luzia-Homem, are personages associates the myths of the universal culture and popular (sphinx, Jellyfish, Venus, Mother d water), that they possess similarities n the archetypes, that transit between the sexos masculine and feminine, without any sexual connotation, possesss it proper code of honr, of this not abdicating ahead of the death. Parallel, in this chapter two cascudianas workmanships willbe studies, that contemplate thematic of the dressed woman of man and being the woman without disguice: the enchantment tale Maria Gomes and romance Flower of tragics romances. The first one will be revisited in order to present subject in Great hinterland:trails through the Diadorim personage. As it will discourse on cases of brave women, cited for Cascudo, immortalized for the tradition, who had made history, that already is not disfar��am of men to carry through acts of bravery and honor.

A doen��a de criar passarinhos: a l��rica humanizadora de Jo��o Cabral de Melo Neto

Jo��o Cabral de Melo Neto n a jamais aim�� les vers sentimentaux et prolixes venus de la tradition romantique. C est pour ��a que son uvre a un discours objectif, rigoureusement elabor�� e elle comporte certaines influences concretistes ��a explique pourquoi l auteur est connu comme l ing��nieur de la langage. En verit��, le po��te m��me dissait qu il ��tait un homme froid et rationnel. La critique a assidument analys�� la mati��re logique et le rigeuer formel de l uvre de Cabral de Melo. Pourtant, dans ce travail nous analysons les po��mes dont le sentiments humaines sont la mti��re principal de l ��laboration de l experi��nce esth��tique. La po��sie de Jo��o Cabral n est pas simple verbalisme formel, ni un uvre sens vie, car les objects concr��tes et la langage objectif n emp��chent pas qui le sujet d��crit avec ��motion les sc��nes presents dans les po��mes. Nous travaillons avec la hypoth��se de que le po��te a une attitude trop humaine quand il parle de l experience culturel et de l experience de la vie dans le Nord-est br��silien. Les unit��s t��mathiques de ce travail, pourtant, montrent la repr��sentation du Nord-est dans la po��sie de Jo��o Cabral et examinent aussi le sentiment qu il sent par la memoire culturel de sa r��gion. Parmi les aspects qui composent sa lyrique humaine nous citons la personification constant de les paysages du Nord-est le po��te ne veux pas faire une d��crition tophographique de la r��gion parce que les places ont un valeuer sentimentel pour lui; au moyen d un discours erotique, Cabral represente les desirs et les intints humaines de sa terre; ensuite, il semble que le po��te est enchant�� et envelopp�� avec certains elemets culturels de sa r��gion, come l hamac, la litt��rature oral et la musique r��gional; la preoccupation avec la population explor��e et la denonciation de la condition miserable dans le Nord-est br��silien confirment aussi la humanit�� pr��sent dans son uvre; finalment, la r��cordation de l enfance et la nostalgie du temps pass�� sont, pour le po��te, un possibilit�� qui peut aider dans la formation humaine de la population

A poesia ibero-americana de Jos�� de Anchieta

El poeta Jos�� de Anchieta, a trav��s de sus poes��as, contribuy�� para la formaci��n de la literatura en suelo brasile��o. Con eso, ��l proporcion�� un encuentro entre los dos mundos lo Nuevo y lo Viejo, Am��rica y Europa representados en la uni��n entre los pares antag��nicos que son constantes en la po��tica anchietana, como lo sagrado y lo profano, la muerte y la vida, lo simple y lo erudito. Su po��tica traduce, por lo tanto, las huellas de la antropofagia cultural, en que el indio y el blanco son uno s��lo; el pagano y el cristiano, juntos, caminan para el centro de sus ideolog��as concebidas por la catequesis y por el popular. En esa amalgama entre las culturas, ��l construye un nuevo c��digo cultural-ling����stico-literario, formando una nueva identidad para la tierra brasile��a, abriendo las puertas para el barroco. Sus poemas est��n en cuatro lenguas: portugu��s, tup��, lat��n y espa��ol. Y de ese conjunto, nuestra disertaci��n analiza el corpus en lengua espa��ola, que en el suelo americano deja de ser espa��ola y se vuelve ibero-americana. Como fuentes de estudio cr��tico-te��rico, nos basamos, como ejemplos, en las obras de Haroldo de Campos, Severo Sarduy, Eug��nio D Ors, Lezama Lima, Oswald de Andrade, Alfredo Bosi, Massaud Mois��s. As��, esta disertaci��n muestra, por el medio de la poes��a iberoamericana de Jos�� de Anchieta el rasgo del inicio de nuestra literatura as�� como del barroco americano y, adem��s, conjuga su poes��a dentro del espacio de los Cl��sicos una vez que se comunica con estos desde el proceso de su producci��n. En esa intercomunicaci��n, Jos�� de Anchieta promueve una apertura para la consciencia po��tica que hace parte de los grandes poetas de la Literatura Universal. ��l une el Brasil, con sus matas v��rgenes, con su primitivismo, al Mundo, con su censura desmedida ante la visi��n del Para��so

A interculturalidade no cinema: um estudo da legendagem e da dublagem brasileiras em um filme franc��s contempor��neo

In this research we present a study of cultural aspects in dubbed and subtitled films. As a case study, we chose to compare the original French version of "Le fabuleux destin d'Amelie Poulain" with both the subtitled and the dubbed versions in Portuguese, with focus on the interaction between the French and the Brazilian cultures. First we considered that (i) the translation process interferes on the perception of cultural relationships; and that (ii) dubbing and subtitling are two methods of translation that result in distinct perceptions from the spectator. Then, we adopted the translation interpretative theory (Seleskovicth; Lederer, 2001; Deslile, 1980) as the general theoretical framework, since it emphasizes the extralinguistic equivalence on the translation process. Furthermore, we based this research on three analytical procedures, which are: the four-step translating operation, the contrastive perception and a translation's typology based on Vinay and Dalbernet's linguistic procedures (Srpov��, 1991, 1995, 2004). We extracted forty-six culture-related elements from the film and identified those belonging to the French ethno-universe. Then, the elements were classified with respect to a theoretical typology, based on concepts found in the Ethnography of Communication and a general typology, based on five general thematic groups, defined by the corpus. The results showed that both Brazilian versions tend to preserve those culture-related elements by using lexical loan and literal translation. The visual context, in its association with the linguistic procedures in both Brazilian versions, was also observed as an important element to the comprehension of the culture-related elements as they are considered in the French culture. As a general observation, the perception of culture-related elements in the film seems effectively be oriented by the translation methods

Um olho torto na literatura de Graciliano Ramos

This dissertation analyses, within a psychoanalytical e literary perspective, the enigma of blindness in Graciliano Ramos s work. The approach takes into account, mainly, the narratives of Hist��rias de Alexandre (Alexandre s tales) and Inf��ncia (Childhood memories) as both books speak of the same theme: the injured eye. The writer s work is scourged so that a broaden symbolism regarding the hurt eye can be found. The subject is discussed from three significant elements: fragmentation, helplessness and melancholy; all these form the creative aesthetic of Graciliano, merging into a single object. Fragmentation representing the internal shattered world of his characters, which is reflected in the environment; helplessness, directly related to feelings of rejection; and melancholy, characterized by a strong feeling of emptiness. The theme of isolation and loss is discussed based on Mourning and melancholy, by Freud, and other theorizers. There is also a brief dialogue with the Romantic and philosophical theories, which tries to explain the melancholic condition in the individual before moments of distress. Such theories are the support for the understanding of the helplessness of the hero in Graciliano Ramos��s literature and for the assumption that the blindness in the mistreated boy of the book Inf��ncia could be the language of the traumatic aspect that colors the entire text of the writer. As matter of fact, it constitutes in the lost object represented in the anguish of the author s characters

As Filhas do Arco-��ris, de Eul��cio Farias de Lacerda : mitos, lendas e contos populares como elementos estruturantes do romance

The corpus of this work constitutes an analysis the literary work As Filhas do Arco-��ris, by Eul��cio Farias de Lacerda, considering object of study myths, legends and popular stories as estruturant elements of the romance. The unchainment of this reading considers aspects of the oral tradition as starting point for the rupture tradition. In that perspective, it became fundamental to describe aspects of the popular culture that consolidated the Brazilian Literature during the 20th century. Like this, it was necessary to understand the development of oral elements and the structuring of the folk-tales, pointing out that As Filhas do Arco-��ris was built in a especial way with regionalist characteristics, following the parameters of the romances published among the years 1930 and 1950. In the researched work, it was noticed a narrative that gathers stories, legends, myths, proverbs and oral locutions. In this, it reveals that the Brazilian literary production grew in aesthetics and thematic. Like this, As Filhas do Arco-��ris is an exercise of the experience regionalist inserted in the contemporary novel, because even with your first publication in 1980, the narrative is configured to the molds of a Romance de 30

Da poesia ao poema: uma leitura do poema-Processo

Caract��risation du "Poema-Processo" au long de sa trajectoire entre les ann��es 1967 et 1972, au regard d��une lecture visant son insertion dans le mouvement d��avant-guarde de la deuxi��me moiti�� du XX�� si��cle, au Br��sil. On v��rifie la fa��on dont le mouvement du "Poema-Processo" s��est form��, comme d��doublement de l��art concret, ainsi comme ses ad��quations �� la conjoncture de son apparition au Br��sil, s����tablissant une comparaison entre la pratique du po��me et les propositions des manifestes lanc��s. L��analyse des po��mes s��lectionn��s d��montre leur co-relation avec les travaux visuels initi��s par les avant-guardes historiques, ainsi comme les r��ponses de la pratique po��tique �� la th��orie developp��e par les principaux repr��sentants, Wlademir Dias-Pinto, ��lvaro de S�� et Moacy Cirne. La production po��tique et culturelle de Moacy Cirne est abord��e en observant sa pratique sur trois points fondamentaux: la production po��tique, la critique litt��raire donnant de l��emphase �� la culture locale et au texte du "Poema-Processo", et la recherche du language des bandes dessin��es.

Marcas da escritura oralizada em Sagarana

This work presents a surveyabout the short stories of Sagarana. first book by Guimar��es Rosa, publishedin 1946, and that marked the Brazilian litterature definitely, since we are in front of a new construction of the language, linked to the establishment of a new Portuguese, trough the association between the cult speech and the speech from the sert��o, always with a pretence sensitivity that rouses when joins archaisms, neologisms, regional expressions and literary language. Among the nine short stories that made up the work, we will select the following ones, to be analysed: "O Burrinho Pedr��s", Tra��os Biogr��ficos de Lalino Sal��thiel ou A volta do marido pr��digo , "S��o Marcos" and A hora e vez de Augusto Matraga". Among the hypothesis that organize and surround this work, we will approach the narrative aesthetics, the creative process and the orallity, i.e., how Rosa trans1ate the oral world, rescuing the archaizing speech in the written narrative construction.We will choose for the establishment of developed questions in this ressearch the theories of Paul Zumthor, C��mara Cascudo, S��lvio Romero, Antonio Candido and Alfredo Bosi, among others. Therefore, we will see, through the narrative reading, how the popular parlances are used, which they are linked. The citations that show the popular tradition presence will be pointed out, through anecdotes, folk songs, legends, myths, folktales and proverbs. Therefore, we, readers, will see the popular tradition presence, that will show itself, and the Rosa's thinking will be known through language art, what is the result of the writer's deliberate choice. We will see the popular experience turned to art

El mito, el paisaje y el hombre en la literatura ando-boliviana

This research was based on a study regarding the myth, the landscape and then man in Bolivian literature, a country whose cultural tradition transcends myth and reality, with an exotic nature, inherited from extraordinary people from a remote time, with archeological remains that show its glory, making it particular among other Latin American literatures. To contextualize the literary study of this nation, rich in fantasy literature, understanding its traits in the current literature, we have sought to rescue the history of its first inhabitants, the Kollas, and the cultural reference they inherited and reviewed in the acculturation process between indigenous and Spanish people. This study is based on the contributions of Latin American theorists, such as Antonio Conejo Polar, Nestor Canclini, the Cuban ethnologist Fernando Ortiz, and especially the concept of transculturation of the Uruguayan critic ��ngel Rama. Thus, we have tried to rescue a study about the Andean past, approaching the fundamentals of mythic component in literature, addressing landscape and nature as the ones that illustrate, characterize and give life to the mythical characters and social problems of the Andean man