Desenvolvimento dos filhotes de atobas-de-pés-vermelhos (Sula sula) no aquipélego de Fernando de Noronha/PE

Parental care s costs increase with the time spent due to incapacity of parents give assistance to increasing offspring food s requirement. This parental care deficits is crucial to offspring s emancipation that involve abilities development to they survive independently. In this work we observe 16 Red-footed boobies chick (Sula sula) on different stages of development, at area of Parque Nacional Marinho of Fernando de Noronha s archipelago, from August to October of 2005. Our data show the parents presence decrease during chick development and an activity frequency modification, in move and fly, which suggest the emancipation s chick development. We observe also the action of Kleptoparasits and the influence with offspring parental care. Our data show consistency with the literature. However, we consider that studies carried through during the peak of the reproductive station can support the hypothesis of that the conflicts, together with the initial period of development of the flight, can be representative in terms of mortality of chicks for the studied species

Descrição do ciclo gametogênico do ouriço-branco, Tripneustes ventricosus (Lamarck, 1816), no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha PE, Brasil

Sea urchins are common benthic organisms on coastal ecosystems of tropical and temperate shallow waters. The impact of sea urchins populations in shore communities is density-dependent, and therefore, knowledge of the life history of these animals is important to understand these interactions. Between 2000 and 2005 a population boom of Tripneustes ventricosus was observed in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. In 2004 a research program was started to monitor the population dynamics of T. ventricosus in the archipelago, when it noted a lack of basic information on the biology and reproduction of this species, despite its broad geographic distribution and economic importance in parts of its occurrence. In this context, this work focuses on the reproductive biology of T. ventricosus with emphasis on the description of the gametogenic stages. Between December 2006 and July 2007, ten urchins were collected by snorkeling in two sites of the archipelago, totaling 120 individuals. Gametogenic stages were described for both sexes through microscopic analysis, and were defined as: Recovery, Growing, Premature, Mature and Spawning. Results showed increasing in Gonad index throughout of months of sampling and suggest that the reproductive cycle of the species in the archipelago is annual

Dieta do ouriço-branco, Tripneustes ventricosus (Lamarck, 1816), no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, PE

Sea urchins are benthic macroinvertebrates that inhabit shallow coastal waters in tropical and temperate zones. Urchins are usually classified as generalists or omnivores as they can adjust their diet according to the food resources available in the environment. Due to the strong grazing pressure they may exert, urchins have an important role in marine ecosystems, occupying different trophic levels and stimulating the intensification of the dynamics of communities where they occur. In 2004, a monitoring program focused on the population dynamics of the white sea urchin, Tripneustes ventricosus, has been initiated in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. At the same time, a surprisingly lack of information on the species biology has been noted, despite their wide geographical distribution and economic importance in many parts of its range. Hence, this work was developed to provide information on the feeding habits of T. ventricosus in the archipelago. Ten specimens were collected between December 2006 and July 2007 at two sites of the archipelago, Air France and Sueste Bay for biometrics and analysis of gut contents. Test diameters ranged from 9.19 cm (± 1.1) to 10.08 cm (± 0.58). Calculated stomach repletion index (IRE) was higher (p <0.05) in the Air France site and also during January and July. The IRE was not correlated to the gonad index. Fifteen different species of algae were detected in a total of 120 stomachs examined: 4 Chlorophytas, 4 Phaeophytas and 6 Rhodophytas. Food diversity (p <0.05) was higher in December 2006 and January 2007. Although several items had a high frequency of occurrence, they were low represented in terms of weight, and consequently, had a low level of relative importance. The brown algae Dictyopteris spp and Dictyota spp, followed by the green algae Caulerpa verticillata accounted for the greatest importance in T. ventricosus diet, comprising about 90% of the consumed items

Identidade rural e agricultura familiar :O Pronaf B sob a ótica dos beneficiados

This work has for objective to analyze the perception of benefited of Pronaf B Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar, in relation to the results that are presented concerning this program. For this, it is presented hypothesis of that the familiar agriculturists, fit in the norms of credit of Pronaf B, have a peculiar perception on the end item of this program, produced from inherent characteristics to the agricultural reality where they live. Ahead of this, I broke myself of estimated of that the searched familiar agriculturists are more socially vulnerable to the inaqualities the agricultural areas. For this research, they had been used, mainly, theoretical reflections of studious of the campesinato, familiar agriculture and of researchers of the impacts of Pronaf B in the agricultural way. The empirical data of the research had been gotten, through the application of questionnaires with the benefited ones and interviews with the mediators of this program in the two searched cities, Apodi and Antônio Martins, in the Rio Grande do Norte, who proportionally withholds the biggest contract number of Pronaf B in the state. The conclusion of the research ratifies the initial hypothesis of that the perception on the results of Pronaf B for benefited its is peculiar, and points stops beyond the economic results, such as: the rise of auto-esteem; the rescue of the citizenship feeling and as impact in autoconsumo of the families of the agriculturists benefited for Pronaf B

Biomassa e desenvolvimento sustentável e sócio regional no Brasil: uma análise à luz da Constituição Federal de 1988

It is verified worldwide an increasing concern with the protection of natural resources in the planet, a fact that became relevant in Brazil since the promulgation of the Constitution of 1988, based on the viewpoint of sustainable development, which seeks to promote economic activities in the country according to the need for conservation and preservation of natural resources for the use of present and future generations. In addition, we seek to reduce the differences that occur in our society by determining as a fundamental objective to be persecuted by the Federative Republic of Brazil the reduction of social and regional inequalities. A value that should also be observed in the context of economic activities developed here, since it is a general principle of financial and economic order of the country. Therefore, considering the exhaustion of world s reserves of fossil fuels, as well as the impacts on the environment, especially for the large emission of greenhouse effect gases, the debate about the need to change the global energy matrix increases while alternative energy sources appears as a bet to fulfill the contemporary aspirations for sustainability, and Brazil emerges in a very favorable position, because it has the essential natural conditions to allow this sector s full development. In this perspective, the work has the scope to analyze how the production of alternative energy sources may act in the search for concretization of constitutional values, to promote sustainable development for present and future generations, and to reduce regional and social inequalities in an attempt to improve the quality of life of the population. It will also be observed the current regulatory framework of alternative energy sources in the national laws to verify the existence of legal and institutional security, which is necessary to guarantee the full development of the sector in the country. And to investigate the expected results, it will be observed through the concrete evaluation of specific practices adopted in the industry, analyzing their actual compliance with the constitutional provisions under analysis, based on the examination of the possibility of using renewable biomass sources for biofuel production, promoting development to the country, indicating the opening lines about how this important sector can act to solve the energy challenge today

Diversidade de cefalópodes e o seu papel no nicho trófico de seus principais predadores nos Arquipélagos de Fernando de Noronha e São Pedro e São Paulo

This study aims, to characterize the diversity of cephalopods by analyzing the stomach contents of fishes caught in the islands of St. Peter and St. Paul (ASPSP) and Fernando de Noronha (AFN). Also, verify the participation of cephalopods in the diet of their main predators. A total of 723 stomachs were collected, from 8 species of fish, caught by the fishery, 471 stomachs were from ASPSP and 252 were from the AFN. It was recorded the occurrence of food items (fish, cephalopods and crustaceans) and the cephalopods were identified to the lowest taxa possible, according to specialized literature. The Ommastrephidae family represented 84.46% of occurrence in the ASPSP and 63.48% in the AFN, confirming the importance of this family in the area studied and also in the diet of their predators. Among the species with greatest occurrence Ornitoteuthis antillarum was the most representative in both regions. This species had an average mantle length of 54.25 mm, thus demonstrating that the majority of this population is in the juvenile stage of development. The smallest species found was Argonauta nodosa with a mantle length of 4.06 mm and the largest was Ommastrephes bartrami, with 223.33 mm. In the AFN, the species richness (d) was 2.318, the diversity index (H ') was 1.454 and the measure of evenness (J) was 0.585. In the ASPSP, the species richness (d) was 2.66, the Shannon diversity index (H ') was 1.013 and the measure of evenness (J) was 0.373. AFN has a greater cephalopod diversity than ASPSP, confirming the pattern suggested by the Theory of Island Biogeography. Among the occurrence of prey items for all predators, the cephalopods are secondary preys. The most important cephalopod species in the diet of Thunnus albacares and Acantocybium solandri was Ornithoteuthis antillarum. These predators have different niche width the diet of Thunnus albacares is more specialized, but they have an overlap of 84.684% in the trophic niche, suggesting that in the ASPSP these two species may use similar niches

Fernando Pessoa(s): ciência das sensações, pedagogia do fingimento

La dissertation prétend considérer l'hétéronymie, experimentée par le poète Fernando Pessoa, comme une stratégie cognitive pour équivaloir l'autre dans le champs de l'éducation et minimiser des persistantes antinomies dans le processus de l'apprentissage tel que sentiment et pensée, émotion et raison. Ainsi, telle stratégie se constitue en un des fondements possibles de la méthode complexe au tisser de mode dialogique et récursive la relation de l'altérité que se constitue les identités plurielles dans l'éducation lançant des bases d`une science de la sensacions pour l'exercice d'une pédagogie de la feinte

História da matemática na formação do professor: dificuldades e sugestões

This work is the result of a study that aimed to start scoring difficulties that the math teacher is trying to get a historical formation. Considering that the textbook is the material with which the teacher has more contact, start with reading historical texts present in these books. Choose a theme and choose from that we observed limitations ranging from the search for sources of research in relation to the actual historical content. There are many studies that show the importance of the history of mathematics in teacher education and also in the teaching and learning of mathematics. These works , in particular the work of Feliciano (2008 ) entitled : " The use of history of mathematics in the classroom " , along with the information , experiences and opinions given by Professor Anderson Luís de Azevedo Paulo , in some meetings , point to need for materials for teaching , since they show that recognizes the importance of this knowledge and the ability to use it in the classroom , but several factors have pushed aside , even the texts present in textbooks. From the analysis of some of the work and contributions of Professor Anderson Paulo we pointed out some of the factors that make historical texts being ignored by teachers and among them are characteristics in appearance and content in the text. To assist in the preparation of materials that meet the expectations of the teacher, we present a manual with suggestions and / or features to choose or produce a good text. These suggestions can make the history books more enjoyable and thus approach the teacher of historical knowledge and later encouraged to seek, in fact, a historical formation

Citação e modernidade em Álvares de Azevedo: do sublime ao dessublime

El estudio de la citación en Lira de los Veinte Años, de Álvares de Azevedo, desde la óptica de Antoine Compagnon e Gerárd Genette, se muestra relevante a los estudios de la Literatura Comparada, en la perspectiva conteporánea, pués el tema provoca la posibilidad de discutir la elaboración de si del(los) otro(s), sucitando imágenes estéticas y de los pensamientos que se aproximan de una noción de tesitura textual muy presente en la modernidad literaria. Este proceso instaura procedimientos de lectura, traducción, autoria y escritura, aún, por ser utilizados, confirman la potencialidad inegable en que se escribi el trabajo poético del escritor. En la primer parte de la obra, se sugieren experiencias com lo bello y lo sublime, advindos del europeu, pero vuelto para una pesquisa de posibilidad discursivas. En la según parte, esa instancia sublimada es puesta en crise, por el sujeto poético cribado por el deseo de tornarse singular. Se instauran en el campo valorativo de los signos románticos elementos desfavorables de sentido diferentes. Dase, así, la problematización puesta por las citaciones que ora, realizan cambios simbólicos, ora, actuan en las márgenes de los textos primeros, desorganizando el material de autoria, desublimandolo, en la irrupción de nuevos cuerpos discursivos y cuerpúsculos cituacionales. En la tecer parte, ligado a Tánatos, como la dimensión por venir, marcando el presentimiento del poeta de que morirá temprano, como también la despedida de él. En esta tesi, se pretende, así, circunscribir como se figura, elabora esa constituición estética azevediana y su escritura, situando cuestiones recortadas por el actor en su obra, las quales remeten a Hegel, Kant y la otras lecturas filosóficas, ali puestas. Tal procedimiento toma la citación como estrategia poética de inscrición del sujeto y de las alteridades que le atravesan, concebiendo eso proceso autoral en la forma de reconstrución de una ciudadela de libros en este aspecto, considerandose el enfoque de Félix Guatarí, la propósito de los nuevos paradigmas y las espacialidades emergentes de estos -, o la biblioteca subjetiva, que se abre en vias y pasagenes. A través de ellas el discurso captura no solamente los objetos poéticos, pero también trazos autobiográficos rasurados, traduciendo la lucha por la visibilidad del sujeto en la formación de su pensamiento poético y estético

Política, canção e teatro: o conto Aqueles Dois de Caio Fernando Abreu reverberando no cotidiano brasileiro

Quand on se plonge sur l‟oeuvre de Caio Fernando Abreu, on est forcement mené à faire une profonde analyse social qui résulte dans une grande bataille entre l‟amour, la société et la politique. Cette Memoire de Master, Politique, chanson et théâtre : Le conte « Ces deux-là » de Caio Fernando Abreu répercute au quotidien brésilien, montre que la plongé faite ici cherche à analyser, à partir d‟une perspective comparative, les angles observés par l‟auteur dans son oeuvre écrite pendant les années de la Dictature Militaire brésilienne, l‟influence des Beatles et du musicien/poète Caetano Veloso avec le mouvement du Tropicalismo. Dans ce travail, on observe le rôle du narrateur au sein du développement du conte comme représentation de la société irrémédiable et comme cette narrative s‟ajuste en mode théâtral. La lecture de cette memoire est basée sur l‟analyse du conte « Ces deux-là », du livre Fraises Moisies, et l‟influence de la musique Strawberry Fields Forever, des Beatles chez l‟écriture de l‟auteur, ainsi que les discussions sur les images présentent dans la narrative comme la structure essentielle pour le processus du montage du spectacle homonyme par la Cia. Luna Lunera, Minas Gerais, à partir du mécanisme de la traduction, du littéraire au scénique, appuyée sur les idées de Patrice Pavis

O imaginário da mediunidade no processo de escritura em Fernando Pessoa

The answer to creating a fictional world? Repulsion or form of reaction to an outside world? Mental illness, whose brand can be symbolic simulation or depersonalization? Hard to take a stand when the deed is a poet Fernando Pessoa as what is at stake. Notes Schlafman Léo (1998) who, at the age of 20 years, Fernando Pessoa wrote in English, in his diary, "One of my mental complications is the fear of madness, which in itself already is crazy." What rid of madness, notes Robert Bréchon (1986), was the taste of the game and was playing it for your writing. Even though it has rid the madness, the poet does not quit seeking explanations - or provide it - for the phenomena much bother him, or defined.'s where we come across the alignment of Fernando Pessoa within philosophical as occultism and reading about psychological and mental disorders treated. paths were pursued by him to explain the existence of his heteronyms and its entry process. This work therefore presents main objective: to analyze the personal papers of Fernando Pessoa, whose outstanding feature is the presence of occult and alleged mediumship demonstrations held in response to non-literary and heteronímicas. Therefore, I focused on specific goals, which are: a) to study the speech of Fernando Pessoa on his mediumship / occult b) analyzing specific texts that are, for the poet, psychic demonstrations, c) study of a series of excerpts personal letters in which Fernando Pessoa suggested to be a medium. Admittedly, this essay will touch many arguments already made by scholars and experts of Fernando Pessoa, but consider the possibility of developing issues and contribute to the critical fortune of the poet. We assume that announces the Portuguese scholar Jerome Pizarro (2006), one of the greatest scholars of the work Pessoan: those interested in Fernando Pessoa be lost in the maze created by him. It is the image of a person-Minotaur, devouring all but, holding us in its labyrinthine tessitura, as marked by mystery. Will draw on our analysis, a theory aligned themselves to objects of research, whose main authors are Sigmund Freud (1908) Carl Jung (1991.1996). Gaston Bachelard (1996), Helena Blavatsky (2008), among others

Gilberto Freyre e Câmara Cascudo: entre a tradição, o moderno e o regional

The present work makes some comments on the scattered productions of Gilberto Freyre and Luís da Câmara Cascudo, in the period which includes the early years of their intellectual performance, the second decade of the twentieth century. The corpus of the research is delimited on the texts published by Gilberto Freyre, from 1918 to 1926, which were gathered in the book Tempo de aprendiz (1979), and from the ones published by Câmara Cascudo in Natal local newpapers, such as A Imprensa and A República, in 1924, 1927, 1928 and 1929. Concerning Câmara Cascudo s texts, the delimitations of these years is due to they had a relevant importance for the literary and cultural history of Rio Grande do Norte. The included discussions in these writers texts mainly happen around the modernist and regionalist ideas that happened restrictively in the Northeast region of Brazil, and are based on the relationships between literature and culture. Thus, the set of collaborations of both writers is useful as a sample of the intellectual thinking of the mentioned region. Besides, it is representative in the way the cultural debate got along in the country, which in turn, demanded the inclusion of the local realities in order to follow the renewing process of the worldwide thinking, and as matter of fact, arrange a new process in the Brazilian literary tradition. In this way, the study goals to set the positions taken by the two writers faced to the new challenges that the Brazilian reality of that moment was imposed on. The theoretical basis of this work is focused on the accumulated studies about the Brazilians modernism, regionalism and literature, pointing out the Candido s texts, (2006, 2004, 2002, 1995, 1993 and 1989), Schwarz s (1999, 1997a and 1997b), Perrone- Moysés s (2007), Pallares-Burque s (2005), Azevedo s(1996), D Andrea s (1992), Araújo s (2006, 1998, 1997 and 1995), among other authors. Therefore, It is relevant the participation of both writers in that moment which highlights the renewing of the national thinking and the formation of the Brazilian cultural modernity, even the positions taken by them reveal, at times, different views concerning literature and tradition without being disagreeing, however

A Hora e o Nevoeiro: discurso épico, vontade de potência e mal-estar da modernidade no poema Mensagem de Fernando Pessoa

Considering articles written for Fernando Pessoa in 1912 about The new Portuguese poetry , where he already proclaimed the appearance of the Super-Camões, poet that would be able to revolutionize Portuguese literature e, concomitantly, to make resurging from rubble the Portuguese nation; we understand that, decades before the writing of Message, the poet was already armed with a Will of Power , expression of Friedrich Nietzsche that incorporate the idea of resurgence to the man like creator of news values. Fernando Pessoa believed to make his poetical word, the epic, restoring word of the ideas of Messianism and Fifth Empire as the pushing force of the new Portuguese largeness. However, we look for to investigate the conditions of Malaise that surround the universe of the poem and that restrict its capacity of action on the reality in its return, a time that the space destined in modernity to the poet and to his poetry hindered him of a devoted and positive action, We select therefore theorist like Sigmund Freud e Walter Benjamin

A prisão sem muros da Queer Theory nos contos dama da noite e o rapaz mais triste do mundo de Caio Fernando Abreu

In this dissertation, we analyze, in a comparative perspective, the link between the short stories: Dama da Noite‟ and O Rapaz mais triste do mundo‟, of Caio Fernando Abreu. In order to reveal, analyze and establish relevant dialogues with Queer Theory, it‟s important, above all, make a misreading guided in the discursive contextuality of postmodern literature. In order to justify and clarify the many issues that arises in the emblematic relationships of characters that are present in the text and in the cultural context, historically and socially. It also highlights the utterance comparative value identified in the works, given the peculiarities of each one of them, not being possible to classify them as `figures of language` with which the comparison can be cited as an example. In this case, they serve to inspire the ways that may lead us to a better understanding of the parallels created between a world of the binary value and adjectives suggested by society and so well portrayed in the ideas and writings of Caio Fernando Abreu

Homoafetividade e abertura política em contos de Caio Fernando Abreu

This text aims to study the literary representation of homoaffectivity in short stories of Caio Fernando Abreu in the context of brazilian redemocratization, specifically in the narratives published between 1982 and 1988. To understand the relation between literature and historical context in the tales, we betake, principally, to a notion of Literature and Society, as proposed for Antonio Candido. Relating the narratives of Caio Fernando Abreu with the military dictatorship and the redemocratization processes, as well as a generational project named contraculture, we aim to verify as the search for affection for men that desire others men may be conditioned for specific socio-hystorical conditions, understanding the literary work as a privileged field of representation and comprehension of reality