A construção da imagem de leitor em memórias de leitura

In this work, we analyzed reading memories of mother language teachers in continuing education context. Our objective was to understand how each individual has built his/her reader image. Our theoretical approach to the construction of selfimage was based on the concept of discursive ethos, understanding it with Charaudeau (2006) as something constructed in the intersection of glances (of the self and the other). To understand how each teacher has built his/her reader image in that intertwining of glances (of the self and the other) we are on the contributions of Bakhtin (2003, 2010b) on exotopic glance or distant/external glance. Therefore, in the analysis, we tried to capture the exotopic glance of the teachers about themselves in the various stages of their reader formation and from our exotopic look of researcher; we gave provisional finish of the reader image that teachers built of themselves. For the analysis, we adopted other theoretical assumptions: about genres, theme, composition and style, statement and social voices we based on Bakhtin (1997, 2003, 2010a, 2010b); on the notion of the discursive ethos we anchored in studies conducted by Maingueneau (2008a, 2008b); about reading, we adopted the theoretical references of Rojo (2005, 2008, 2009a, 2009b, 2009c, 2009d), Garcez (2002), Freire (2008) and Silva Neto (2007). For the discursive genre reading memories makes reference to the theme memory as well as is related to the context of teacher training, the study was supported in Aragão (1992) and Nóvoa`s (2007) theory. Situated in the area of Applied Linguistics, the research aligns with qualitative-interpretative approach of socio-historical basis. Finally, from the analysis of the corpus, data that emerged from the findings, we conclude by stating that readers have created images of themselves as active readers, readers interested in both readings, the ones respected and the ones unappreciated by the official culture

A linguagem do blog escolar em um trabalho com multiletramentos: compartilhando sentidos

This research, part of Applied Linguistics field, aims to analyze the language of a school blog, developed with the participation of students, as a work based on the conception of multiliteracies, focusing on the construction of different meanings. The research is carried on from the building and maintenance of a school blog, the Ieceblog, with students of Ensino Fundamental II, since 2008, in a private school in Natal-RN. The investigation of the language produced on a school blog is justified due to the interactive conceptions of writing and reading on the virtual environment. Given the fact that new technologies are a reality in the schools opened to the practices of multiliteracies, it is assumed that text, image, video, audio, non-graphic signs and hypertext intensifies the produced interaction, in which the students become real authors. In this perspective, some voices belonging to the statements that are formed through the posts and comments chosen to the analyses and reflection on the blog space as locus of productions of senses inserted in the school and the world environment, as well as for the identification of the language resources used to intensify the senses that emerge from it. From the view of dialogism conceptualized by Bakhtin Circle, the qualitative interpretive-research deepens the experience of a school blog focusing on digital language in line with the vision of digital literacy. From the blog posts, a corpus that promote the exposure of different manifestations of language in the design of digital multiliteracies is elected. Thereby, the method used was the dialogical analysis of speech based on Bakhtin s studies and the Circle. The corpus was taken from the blog s posts in order to point up the different language manifestations in the following categories: (i) mood reinforced by the mockery, (ii) search for compliance with school sphere, (iii) conflicting social values and consistent complicity between sense and verbal imagery, and finally (iv) social practices that take place from and through the discursive genre. The study points to the tension between the active voices in several directions, revealing the distorted unit of posts which, under the analytical observation raises multiple meanings in a responsive manner. The analysis of the dialogue interaction in which intersperses the digital one becomes more apparent that the multiliteracies events that are mediated by language in addition to structure of the language and makes us rethink the students

Memórias de rios e de lagos na construção romanesca: leitura de narrativas da Amazônia paraense

This study focalizes the memoirs of rivers and of lakes in the romantic construction starting from the romances Chove nos campos de Cachoeira (1941), Marajó (1947) and Três casas e um rio (1958), of writer Dalcídio Jurandir; of the book of memoirs Marajó, minha vida (1998), of writer Dita Acatauassu; of the story "A Feiticeira", published in the book Contos Amazônicos, written by Inglês de Sousa (1883); of the short story "O Peixe", published in O carro dos milagres, (1990), of writer Benedicto Monteiro; of the oral narratives Honorato: Cobra Grande , O encanto de Honorato and A Lenda da Cobra Norato , picked up by the project named The Imaginary in the Shape of Oral Narratives of Paraense Amazon (IFNOPAP) of the Federal University of Pará. In those speeches, the voices of the memory detach the multiple functions of rivers and lakes represented as space, atmosphere, scenery, route and route, thread and fabric, re-elaborated in the narrators' memoirs, characters and narrators/character of the fiction and in popular narratives

As sentenças com é ruim que no português brasileiro

Based on studies on the structure of copulates sentences in Brazilian Portuguese (PB), according to grammar theory, it s analyzed on this dissertation, the complex copulate sentences what, in the PB, initiated by the formation é ruim que in the PB, bringing the hypothesis that they can have one predicacional reading (PRED) and other especificacional reading (ESP). It s revealed what, though they are similar slightly, that makes the different that are triggered is structural configuration of sentence and the form as come emerged the its constituents: that of PRED interpretation, that we defined as Common Copulate Sentence (or SCC), it s checked that the constituent ruim, and only it, is predicate of a Small Clause, and appears in the structure on even position wherein is pronounced, not passing by the method of movement, from where introduce wide predication on all subject, that is the CP built-in; those sentences é ruim que understanding ESP, that denominate of Negative Copulate Sentence (or SCN), whereas the fixed expression contradict or right what is asserted in built-in, it s perceived what the ruim is a part of this fixed expression, and surely crystallized, which appears in structure per movement, germinated as adjunct of Inflexional Phrase (IP) and being elevation to specifier to FocP (or SpecFocP), where acquires discursive interpretation of focus. Besides the mode as the ruim or the fixed expression emerge in that sentences, the relation between the copula and main verb likewise contribute to distinguish the sentences: 1) regarding flexion of mode, when is a SCC, the copula must be in the mode indicative, and the main verb, in the subjunctive; when is a SCN, copula and main verb must be always on indicative; 2) regarding flexion of temp, both the copula as main verb of the SCC can be flexed, whereas at the SCN, the main verb can vary in present, past and future, but the copula should appear, necessarily, in third persona of present of indicative, what confirms our hypothesis that there is an fixed expression at the copulate sentences with é ruim que ESP. Other two evidences are pointed as characteristics that distinguish the sentence with é ruim que PRED of sentence with é ruim que ESP: 1) in semantics, the constituent ruim equals not good, that has appreciation, when the reading will PRED; already the pair é ruim equals not, at the ESP; 2) in prosody, there discrete sound elevation the ruim on the other constituents of SCC, PRED, while there is accentuated acoustic elevation on the ruim of SCN, ESP. Our search it is grounded in authors as Zanfeliz (2000), Modesto (2001), Mioto (2003), Kato & Ribeiro (2006), Lobo (2006), Quarezemin (2006, 2009, 2011, 2012) e Resenes (2009), researchers that devoted their attention on studies the formation and organization of the constituents of cleaved sentences and focalization of constituent, basing itself in approach generative of linguistic

A interpretação semântica dos auxiliares modais poder, precisar e dever: uma abordagem da semântica cognitiva

Apresentamos, neste trabalho, com base na semântica cognitiva, uma análise do significado, em contexto, dos auxiliares modais poder, precisar e dever. Analisamos 120 textos produzidos por candidatos ao vestibular e por alunos do ensino fundamental, como resposta da questão número três da prova discursiva de Língua Portuguesa do vestibular 2005 da UFRN, que pede aos candidatos para explicitar a diferença de sentido entre três frases, observando o uso desses três verbos. Consideramos que um item lexical não é incorporado a uma representação lingüística semântica fixa, limitada e única, mas antes, é ligado a uma representação lingüística semântica flexível e aberta que provê acesso a muitas concepções e sistemas conceituais dependente de cada contexto determinado. Com base em seu significado, um item lexical evoca um grupo de domínios cognitivos, que por sua vez, apresentam um determinado conteúdo conceitual. Isto implica em afirmar que a rede de significados lexicais vai variar conforme o conhecimento de mundo de cada um (LANGACKER, 2000). A relevância deste trabalho é proporcionar uma contribuição para a descrição semântica do português

Permanência de Walflan de Queiroz: uma leitura da obra O Testamento de Jó

Este trabajo tiene como objeto de investigación literaria la obra: O testamento de Jo , lanzada en 1965, por Walflan de Queiroz. El poeta norte-río-grandense ilustra a través de un conjunto de poemas su experiencia religiosa y metafísica a partir de la desgracia sufrida por el personaje bíblico Jo, desarrollando una estética de la soledad, de la pobreza y de la marginalidad. Según Alter y Kermode (1997), la poesía de Jo es asombrosa en su fuerza e inventiva. Se pretende demostrar que las poesías de Walflan de Queiroz poseen dos corrientes definidas: si, por un parte, se vinculan al tema de Jo, mon doux Job , como él escribió en un poema; por otra, diseminan una postura amorosa. Con el objetivo de situar al autor y a su obra, se discuten el contexto histórico y la agitación cultural en Río Grande do Norte en la década de 1960. La lectura de O testamento de Jo nos llevó a realizar inicialmente una comparación de la poética walflaniana con textos bíblicos para la construcción de una atmósfera mística en el libro. Enseguida, el abordaje de los poemas amorosos que retratan la imagen femenina presente de forma platónica o bajo el velo de la mitología, de los mitos de Orfeu y Eurídice, retomados por el poeta. En Walflan de Queiroz, el amor no se concretiza. Y el bardo escribe como los románticos y los simbolistas

As práticas exitosas de leitura no ensino fundamental: vozes sociais de professores e de estudantes

The school is the social place which should provide the formation of critical readers. In this context, the role of the teacher is crucial when it comes to teaching reading. Thus, this doctoral research aims to explicit the reading practices evidenced from social voices of teachers and Fundamental School students from state public schools at RN that have successful results, according to IDEB 2009. Moreover, we seek to explicit, through the positions of teachers, the conceptions of reading underlying their reading activities, as well as elucidate the social voices related to teaching of reading that are present in the National Curriculum Guide for 9 years Fundamental School and in the Political-Pedagogical Projects of the educational institutions investigated. In order to accomplish this goal, we carried out observations in the classroom, applied questionnaires with teachers and students in the 9th grade of Fundamental School, in classes of Portuguese Language, and also performed dialogical meetings with the management and pedagogics schools teams. The theoretical foundation that guides the research comes from bakhtinian thinking (2009, 2010), which addresses the dialogical perspective of language and active responsive comprehension. Furthermore, this work is anchored in theoretical reflections of Antunes (2005, 2009) and Geraldi (2003, 2006, 2010) about the reading and writing in the country, which contribute to the resizing of the teaching and learning process of Portuguese Language. This study belongs to the field of Applied Linguistics, which investigates language as social practice in the context of learning mother language or in contexts where relevant questions about the use of language are evidenced. The parameters of qualitative research in a social-historic perspective are adopted seeking to understand the school context by the subjects involved in research. The research corpus is composed of: (i) information constructed through the use of questionnaires with teachers and students; (ii) information constructed from the observed lesson and dialogue with management and pedagogical teams; (iii) a set of selected information, i.e., empiricism built through documentary analysis of the National Curriculum Guide for 9 years Fundamental School (CONSELHO NACIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, 2010) and the Political- Pedagogical Projects of the investigated schools. The analysis of the sayings of teachers and students suggest reading practices from various texts, in particular, from the literary sphere, in activities involving discussions, reading and reading comprehension exercises, interviews, songs, seminars organizations, concerts, dramatizations, literary weeks, among other practices. Furthermore, these analyses reveal that teach Portuguese Language requires commitment, responsibility and satisfaction, as well as more grounded theoretical principles, which make teaching practice more efficient. The research also reveals that the success of the teaching-learning process occurs by virtue of the involvement of school s segments in the educational process, creating therefore a network of responsibilities. In this sense, this research may contribute to the production of knowledge that can guide and enrich the teaching and learning of reading, envisioning a pedagogical practice constructed from the relationship with the other, i.e., from the dialogism which provides formation of young people that exercise their citizenship

O coerentismo de Bonjour: uma leitura fundacional

In The Structure of Empirical Knowledge Laurence Bonjour tries to prove the inefficiency of a foundational explanation as a solution to the skeptical problem. His view is that there are no basic beliefs in the proper sense, that is, beliefs capable of having some justificatory force other than the ones derived by the coherence with other beliefs. We will show that this proposal is not achieved satisfactorily by BonJour, and that a non inferential observational belief in his theory would be more plausible if it were interpreted as being basic in terms of a weak foundational theory.

Formatividade e interpretação: a filosofia estética de Luigi Pareyson

The concept of formativity, coined by Luigi Pareyson, is a key to the development of countless contemporary aesthetic studies. The aim of this dissertation is to present a deep understanding of the notion of Formativity and Interpretation, as evidenciated by the title Formativity and Interpretation: the aesthetical philosophy of Luigi Pareyson. The work Aesthetics - Theory of Formativity, first published in 1954, is considered a mark in the rebirth of aesthetics. In this dissertation, the concept of Formativity is examined as a component applicable to every human action, and not limited to pre-determined practices, nor referred to the application of preexisting. I ve performed an investigation of the triple concept of doing-inventing-interpreting, which simultaneously grounds Formativity. In the first section, Pareyson s Aesthetical Propaedeutic is presented; in the second, the Theory of Formativity: the aesthetical character of the whole human experience is analysed; and in the third chapter, The Aesthetical of Form and the Metaphysics of Figuration is related to the formativity character of the knowledge. Through this analysis, I ve intended to evidence how human operability can be understood as search and trial, figuration and invention, in the search for success. In this sense, this thesis seeks to present an interpretation of the idea of work-form, speculating the inexorability of invention and interpretation in an attempt to establish a new bottom line for the studies Pareyson s Aesthetics in Brazil

Paidéia e retórica no diálogo Fedro de Platão

This study presents a study on Plato's Phaedrus , with the purpose of discussing the possibility of interpreting this dialogue as a discussion on the greek notion of paideia.. We believe to find evidence to support this claim both in the cultural background of the dialogue and in its text. As background evidence, we point to the fact that Rhetoric had become the major disciplined studied in Athens in Plato's time, largely because democratic instituitions favored its practice. As text evidence, we point out that the story of the Phaedrus can be read as the story of how Socrates leads Phaedrus's soul toward philosophy. Therefore, we believe that Plato's main goal with this dialogue is to discuss Rhetoric and present the philosophical perspective on the possibility of an art of speechmaking. In order to achieve this, Plato presents an analyses of current Rhetoric, explains his conception of dialectic, and debate the relation between extemporaneous and written speech. We believe that all those elements serve the larger purpose of providing the background to discuss the cultural education of the Athenians

O argumento dos contrários e a hipótese sobre a imortalidade no Fédon de Platão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Uma (re)leitura teleológica da filosofia moral em Kant : por uma necessidade de inclusão do homem na natureza

Made from the bases of metaphysics, this dissertation is related do Kant‟s moral philosophy. But the itinerary to reach the main speculation used to develop this current understanding of Kant‟s thoughts, it is nothing but an attempt to make the formal rigor more flexible, which has always been associated to Kantian ethics‟ perspectives. From the awareness of what this formalism could be, while a moral arrangement, it is how we will be able to come upon a teleological Kant. That is the fundamental element to comprehend some of the significant aspects in that ethical system, which necessarily comes through the effort to demonstrate the proximity between reason and sensibility, as well as nature and liberty. In this environment, the journey to achieve the autonomy, as the bedrock of liberty and morality, evokes the support of education in Kantian patterns, which enables a course of improvement of the human being, as an individual e, more significantly, as specie. This evolution progress, which tents to reveal the destiny of the humanity, is evolved in the relationship between necessity and finality, as a condition to make the structure of a project to humanity possible. We should mention that it is a rational, an educational and a moral project to be developed in the course of history. As a consequence, the amount of all these elements permits the development of the man‟s natural disposition as a creature that looks for self knowledge , becoming, afterward, dignified to be qualified as a human being. Finally, this study intent to figure out the necessity of the human being inclusion to nature, which happens throughout the acquirement of the individuals‟ conscience

As origens históricas do Zaratustra nietzcheano: o espelho de Zaratustra, a correção do mais fatal dos erros e a superação da morte de Deus

Through a careful examination of the relationship between Zoroastrianism and the Western tradition, and a detailed and critical reading of the writings of Nietzsche, this work aims at showing to what extent the character Zarathustra , his discourses and poetical-philosophical thoughts, and related passages from many distinct Nietzschean works, directly or undirectly reflect a philosophy that harvests contributions from the Zoroastrian tradition or its headways (in the Judeo-Greco-Christian tradition, and furthermore in the whole Western philosophical tradition). Supplied with this provisions, and with the interpretation cast upon them, Nietzschean philosophy questions the entire Western tradition of thought, and proposes its replacement by a new attitude towards life. This work also intends to show the way the Nietzschean Zarathustra was built up, in the writings of the German philosopher, together with the idea of making, out of the namesake character of the ancient Iranian prophet (Zarathushtra or Zoroaster, the founder of Zoroastrianism), the herald of that important text that intended to bring the German language to its highest perfection , clumping together, and leading to a prophetic-poetic climax consonant with the meaning of the Earth , Nietzsche s key ideas about the rectification of the most fatal of errors and about the death of God . An elaborate investigation has been pursued after the reasons and manners of the building up of Nietzsche s Zarathustra mirroring its Iranian namesake (sections 1.1 to 1.6), and a survey of the works of Nietzsche has suggested unquestionable relations with the Zoroastrian tradition, mostly through the Jewish, Greek or Christian repercussions of this tradition. These relations have been put in context, in many framings (sections 2.1 to 2.3.2), in the ambit of the most fatal of errors - the - creation of morals in the very occasion of its transposition to metaphysics (Ecce Homo, Why I am a destiny , 3). Through an evaluation of the possible circumstances and repercussions of the death of God , the relations between Nietzsche s writings and Zoroastrian tradition have been investigated (sections 3.1 to 3.7), allowing the understanding of this event as an essential component, and tragic outcome, of the rectification of the most fatal of errors

Interpretação e análise do problema da indução sob uma visão fundamentada em teorias de conjuntos e teoria de probabilidades

The following work is to interpret and analyze the problem of induction under a vision founded on set theory and probability theory as a basis for solution of its negative philosophical implications related to the systems of inductive logic in general. Due to the importance of the problem and the relatively recent developments in these fields of knowledge (early 20th century), as well as the visible relations between them and the process of inductive inference, it has been opened a field of relatively unexplored and promising possibilities. The key point of the study consists in modeling the information acquisition process using concepts of set theory, followed by a treatment using probability theory. Throughout the study it was identified as a major obstacle to the probabilistic justification, both: the problem of defining the concept of probability and that of rationality, as well as the subtle connection between the two. This finding called for a greater care in choosing the criterion of rationality to be considered in order to facilitate the treatment of the problem through such specific situations, but without losing their original characteristics so that the conclusions can be extended to classic cases such as the question about the continuity of the sunrise

Da emergência da personagem social do homosexual à cultura gay: uma leitura a partir de Michel Foucault

This present research aims to understand the concept of homosexuality as a social creation that comes permeated by the discourses of sexuality devices. It discusses the issue of homosexuality with a focus on works of Michel Foucault, in special The History of Sexuality, where the author emphasizes that homosexuality as a social construct that manifests itself during the nineteenth century. From the Foucauldian discourse, it is proposed to understand and analyze the creation of the concept of homosexuality, which is built around the subordination of the individual as a social agent, or the creation of homosexuality does not refer to sexual intercourse between individuals of the same sex, but a social subject and the position it takes in society. So along with the birth of the homosexual individual, there is also the construction of the individual as a social subject, as being, homosexuality and homosexual subject are products of overlapping powerculture. When addressing this theme, it breaks the hegemony that seeks to characterize naturalized of sexuality and, consequently, homosexuality, born with the original speeches on medical and psychiatric couches, in which one perceives the role of power in the discourses deploying the truths aimed at sexuality. With this, there has been an argument that seeks to refute the eugenics that includes sexuality as something natural, instituting a homosexual as a guy born hostage to a bad genetic and abnormal who should be treated for their disease, and understand this individual as a product of social discourse