Veredas infinitas, Recep����o italiana de Grandes sert��es: veredas

L'obiettivo principale di questo lavoro �� valutare le difficolt�� di comprensione e di identificazione nella ricezione da parte della cultura italiana dell'opera Grande sert��o: veredas, da quelle trovate, in modo pionieristico, dal traduttore italiano, a quelle che sono state percepite e indicate al momento della lettura dai critici, dagli accademici, dall'autore di questo lavoro e, soprattutto, dai lettori comuni, mostrando, allo stesso tempo, che i problemi avuti dagli italiani nella traduzione esistono, sotto certi aspetti, anche per i brasiliani urbani, poich�� la dimensione linguistico-geografica presente nel romanzo �� cos�� peculiare, che perfino molti lettori di lingua portoghese ignorano il mondo plasmato dal linguaggio di Guimar��es Rosa rivelando una esacerbazione della questione universale espressa nella formula "traduttori, traditori". Partendo da tutto ci��, abbiamo cercato di dimostrare che, sebbene la traduzione di Edoardo Bizzarri abbia raggiunto un eccellente risultato, l'opera rosiana, cos�� come nella poesia e di pi�� di qualsiasi altra narrativa, comporta, nel passaggio da un idioma all'altro, perdite irrimediabili, tanto relative all'armonia musicale e ritmica, quanto alla richezza semantica che si occulta nel testo originale

Greg��rio de Matos: do barroco �� antropofagia

The exponential figure of Greg��rio de Matos e Guerra has been subject of many theoretical discussions through the years, since his apparition in a public place, in the 19th century, and even more, during the 20th century, when he was salvaged by the modernist vanguard. As a result, there are yet two antagonist points of view linked to Greg��rio de Matos, on one side, there some researchers who defend him, on the other, some of them attack him. The first ones say this poet from Bahia was the first literary voice in Brazil, from the Baroque basis, while the last ones say he is a merely plagiarist of the Spanish poets from the 17th century, without a real contribution to the development of Brazilian Literature. With this in mind, this thesis follows the perspective this poet is an anthropophagus-baroque, devouring cultures, with an active participation in the process of our cultural and literary identity. For that reason, it was made a literature review about the biography of this poet trying to break romantic descriptions, emphasizing some scientific facts that can contribute to present the baroque profile of this poet. In this sense, it was discussed the History of Literature focused on this creole poet, mainly based on the historians point of view about the Gregorian poetry in the formation of Brazilian Literature scenery. In the defense of the hypothesis that Greg��rio de Matos was our first anthropophagus, this work aims to analyze how his poetry reveals the intrinsic characteristics of Baroque and Anthropophagy, focusing its carnivalesque aspect, showing to the world, with a satiric tone, the idiosyncrasies of human life. In this way, analyzing this corpus in Spanish is the strength of this thesis because, besides it is previously unpublished, it contributes to the comprehension of the anthropophagy as a theoretical mechanism that explains the process of formation of our cultural literary identity. Then, we have Augusto de Campos (1968; 1978; 1984; 1986; 1988), Haroldo de Campos (1976; 2010a; 2010b; 2011), Severo Sarduy ([1988?]), Oswald de Andrade (1945; 1978; 2006), Mikhail Bakhtin (2010), Octavio Paz (1979), Segismundo Spina (1980; 1995; 2008), Afr��nio Coutinho (1986a; 1986b; 1994), Affonso ��vila (1994; 1997; 2004; 2008), among others, to constitute this theoretical scenery. The Gregorian poetry, in this way, have contributed to the formation of baroque-anthropophagic scenery in Brazilian boundaries, with a special attention to the transition of time, because he is not only from the 17th century, established by the historiography, but his work is present nowadays due to the contemporaneously of his themes, centered to the eternal doubts of baroque man

Ana Cristina Cesar: um corpo de cr��tica

La pr��sente th��se est une approche critique de la production litt��raire de l ��crivain carioca Ana Cristina Cesar. Aussi bien dans la po��sie que dans son oeuvre critique, Ana Cristina Cesar a mis en ��vidence la question de l ��criture comme le principal dil��me de son projet comme ��crivain. En face d autant de registres, soit en forme de po��mes, texte critique ou lettres, la question de l ��criture est, dans l ensemble de son oeuvre, formul��e �� partir d une interp��n��tration entre la litt��rature et la vie. Consid��rant le probl��me de l ��criture comme partie d un projet de l ��tre ��crivain pour Ana Cristina Cesar, nous affirmons que l int��r��t de notre recherche se dirige vers l analyse des mani��res selon lesquelles ce probl��me parcourt son ��criture et d��vient une question m��talinguistique dans sa cr��ation. Nous partons de la r��flexion sur l ��criture dans son oeuvre pour relever la question principale de notre proposition de travail avec son texte: Qu est-ce que c est, apr��s tout, ��crire pour Ana Cristina Cesar et comment cela se formule-t-il dans la production des r��les qu elle exerce en tant que po��te, critique et professeur? Parmi les principaux objectifs qui guident cette recherche sont: promouvoir un dialogue avec les textes de l auteur, o�� se pr��sente le probl��me de l ��crire, �� travers une r��flexion sur le parcours de son activit�� intellectuelle, pour elle impr��gn�� de questions sur l ��criture f��minine et la production marginale; et enqu��ter les mani��res dont cette r��flexion s articule dans les fonctions qu elle d��veloppe comme po��te, critique et professeur et les r��lations qu elle ��tabli avec la litt��rature de son ��poque. En outre, nous discuterons l importance de son oeuvre dans la litt��rature marginale, ce qui possibilite aussi une ��valuation de cette production dans la litt��rature br��silienne

Letramento liter��rio na escola: o poema na aula de l��ngua portuguesa no ensino m��dio

Esta investigaci��n est�� incluida en las discusiones sobre las relaciones entre literatura y ense��anza, recortando el lugar de las escritas po��ticas en las clases de Lengua Portuguesa en la Ense��anza Media. En t��rminos epistemol��gicos, nuestra reflexi��n problematiza, entre otras cuestiones, el desplazamiento que ocurre cuando las manifestaciones literarias se apartan de sus soportes originales y se adentran a las escenas de la clase de lengua materna, transform��ndose en objeto de ense��anza y contenido did��ctico. En el ��mbito de las pr��cticas escolarizadas de la lectura literaria en la Ense��anza Media, nuestra reflexi��n tiene como objeto la didactizaci��n del g��nero textual poema. En esa etapa de la ense��anza, el poema como componente curricular a��n no est�� definido. Eso es ocasionado, de modo general, por dos razones: por la naturaleza espec��fica del g��nero y por los procedimientos did��cticopedag��gicos utilizados cuando se hace la lectura del poema en clase. En relaci��n al modelo consagrado de la ense��anza de literatura en la Ense��anza Media, apoyado en la descripci��n de la historia de la literatura brasile��a a trav��s de esquemas cronol��gicos de movimientos est��tico-culturales, pretendemos hacer un desplazamiento en lo que respecta a ese abordaje y situar el letramiento literario a partir de las formas l��ricas recurrentes en la producci��n literaria en Brasil, en la perspectiva de la ense��anza de la lengua mediada por el estudio del texto. Para tanto, utilizaremos como aporte te��rico las siguientes ��reas del conocimiento: la teor��a literaria, la ling����stica aplicada y la pedagog��a de la ense��anza de lengua materna

A paz tensa da chama fugaz: a configura����o do amor no romance contempor��neo, Lygia Fagundes Telles e L��dia Jorge

This thesis A paz tensa da chama fugaz: a configura����o do amor no romance contempor��neo, Lygia Fagundes Telles e L��dia Jorge aims to study the configuration of Love in contemporary novels. Their corpuses of study are the novels As horas nuas (1989), by the Brazilian writer Lygia Fagundes Telles; and O vento assobiando nas gruas (2002), by the Portuguese writer L��dia Jorge. The following research tries to understand how the characters from those texts deal with some love questions on the context of the contemporary narrative; it also tries to comprehend the love expression which is formed as a contradictorily fluid feeling and intensely wanted, which are important points concerning the love discourse at the present day. As a critic-comparative study, this research focuses on the problematic concerned love as a synonym of Eros, in other words, the relation between lovers, analyzed through social and philosophical perspective. Through that, this work broadens the study of two contemporary novels, and it also establish connections between the characters from those novels and the literary environment where they are placed, once it focuses on the human and social context presented in this books. The thesis ends calling attention to the dichotomy of love and death, to the image of love which grows through absence and through the longing of completeness of the human being; that is why this work sustains that the Lygia Fagundes Telles and L��dia Jorge update and materialized in their texts the plurality of contemporary love conception, which continues to be contradictory, fragmented and problematic

Pol��tica da literatura e suas faces na palavra muda de Manoel de Barros

Ce travail de th��se ici propos�� a comme but de recherche la production lit��raire du po��te br��silien Manoel Wenceslau Leite Barros, Manoel de Barros, (1916 Cuiab��-MT) en l articulant avec la reflexion sur le concept de politique de l ��crite propos�� par le philosophe alg��rien-fran��ais Jacques Ranci��re (1940 Algiers Alg��rie). L hypoth��se qui se presente est celle sur l ��crite po��tique de Manoel de Barros dont les ―marques du sensible‖ dans les exp��riences d��mocratiques sont perceptibles. Sa production inclue ce que se peut denominer d une micrologie po��tique, une reconfiguration du ―partager‖, dans le sense de l ��laboration pratiques de l ��galit��, des pratiques de redistribution et de circulation des voix, instauratrices de la constitution esth��tiques des communaut��s diff��renci��es, consid��r��es comme alternatives, face au mod��le de syst��me canonique de la lit��rature. Au moment que sa fonctionnent comme des formes de subvertions, elles produisent des espaces ou marge d ��mancipation de l ��tre : lecteur et ��crivain, en d��clanchant des nouvelles perspectives ��thiques et esth��tiques. De cette mani��re, l objectif qui se dessine est ce qui comprend comment se configure la proposition d une politique de l ��crite de Manoel de Barros et la fa��on qu elle se place par rapport �� une politique des arts. Pour cela, nous utiliseront comme base la pens��e de Jacques Ranci��re qui se fait remarquer, les derni��res ann��es, pour entreprendre une refl��xion syst��matique et lucide par rapport aux relations ��xistantes entre esth��tique et politique dans la soci��t�� pr��sente, ali�� �� ce que se d��fine comme des mani��res et des formes de penser ��labor��es par le texte po��tique (lui m��me) de Manoel de Barros et de mani��re incontinu�� dans ses entretiens-critiques, plubli��es dans des journaux et revues, pr��sent��es en vid��os, et nous n oublierons pas non plus des contributions th��oriques et des refl��xions parvenues de la pens��e contemporaine

Formas e fun����o do discurso do outro no g��nero monogr��fico

The present work investigates related discourse in rewriting discursive practices, at monographic works specifically at the theoretical foundation section. Focalizing some discursive strategies of voice management (direct and indirect discourse and modalization voice) we detach the introduction way and function of cited discourse. To do so, it were analyzed eighteen monographic works: nine of them final graduation works and other nine specialization works seeing that each works belonging to the same student, in two different stages, in the period from 2003 in graduation conclusion to 2005 in the end of specialization course. The data reveal that the monographic writer/student emphasizes the use of direct discourse in graduation works while in specialization works there was an emphasis at indirect speech. The analysis the way they introduce cited discourse pointed out that writer/student in graduation course such as specialization student make meaningless constructions when they do not use discendi verbs, they demonstrate difficulties inarticulate citing discourse with cited discourse. In what is related to functions of cited discourse we verify that the student/writer, in both stages or levels give emphasis to the function maintain an assertion, indicating that other s discourse serve mainly as a resource of authority just because that this function reveals the absence of a dialog between student writing and cited discourse. In a general way, the forms of other s discourse claim a form of writing that is found starting from a sequence of cited discourse in what student/writer voice in graduation and specialization comes to text surface just few times, but most of the times, the student takes other s words as they were themselves, every time there is an overlap of author/source

Murilo Rubi��o: enlaces er��ticos, fant��sticos e absurdos

The present research intends to propose a reading in a new dimension of the fantastic (weird) literature and, especially, of its Brazilian more representative author, Murilo Rubi��o. At the beginning with concepts and associations with the erotic, starting from the myth of Eros and Psique and developing relations with Georges Bataille's theory on the theme. Afterwards, other associations are made, now with relation to the own fantastic literature. With the essence of this literature, examples of the traditional close to the contemporary. A last, association is made with the absurd literature. The contemporary man as being object and its configuration represented in the field of the dreams and its possibilities. At the end of the work, a "post scriptum" suggests a more imersive reading of tales in the entire that appeared broken into fragments along the research

Altern��ncia no uso dos modos indicativo e subjuntivo em ora����es subordinadas substantivas: uma compara����o entre o portugu��s do Brasil e o franc��s do Canad��

The purpose of this work is to analyze the use of the indicative mood, instead of the subjunctive prescribed by the normative grammar, in complement clauses introduced by the conjunction que in Brazilian Portuguese. Contexts of use of the subjunctive according to grammatical prescription, and contexts of fluctuation on the use of that verbal mood were analyzed, in an attempt to investigate what interferes on the choice of the mood by the user of the language. This study is based on North-American Functional Linguistics theoretical perspective, oriented to analyzing language in use, in the light of the principles of grammaticalization and markedness. The results obtained support that the contexts that favor the indicative over the subjunctive are those composed by a complement clause functioning as a direct object the unmarked clause of all complement clauses and by a verb on the main sentence that belongs to the semantic field of low certainty, corresponding to the epistemic sub-mode the unmarked category of the deontic sub-mode. The results indicate that pragmatics and semantics factors influence the language user on the choice of the verbal mood. This research also presents comparative data on the use of the indicative mood in place of the subjunctive in Brazilian Portuguese and Canadian French, aiming to providing suggestions on language teaching

�� luz das inquietas sombras: a criatividade da melancolia na linguagem de Dom Casmurro

Qu�� se piensa aqu��, esencialmente, est�� a mapear el itinerario de la melancol��a creativa en el discurso de Dom Casmurro; es decir, aqu��l de el cual el valle narrativo de una sensaci��n de la angustia a al��ar ��l ��l las maneras de la representaci��n en el discurso de Dom Casmurro. El ��rbol b��sico en el cual ��ste estimaba incurre en se basa en el acuerdo de eso que la actual melancol��a en el texto del machadiano se puede analizar por las estratagemas de la lengua creativa en la intenci��n de demostrar en ��l una especie del espacio virtual - el conducir de met��foras, de ironies y del exacerbamento de im��genes - por cu��l se prepone el narrador construir su salvaci��n . El prop��sito es analizar el uso de el proyecto del aleg��rico y el ir��nico previstos por el autor en la intenci��n de descubrir pues tales procedimientos contribuyen para crear un texto ese desestabiliza el car��cter malsano de la melancol��a. Puede propagar lengua creativa de tal manera cu��nto otras maneras de la representaci��n de eso las marcas del arte utilizan. M��s all�� de este traz po��tico, la contribuci��n de este trabajo tambi��n constituye: para componer una escena en la cual el teatralidade de la lengua de Dom Casmurro constituye drama y no tragedia. Despu��s de la pista de los conceptos de los benjaminianas de la melancol��a, alegoria, metalenguaje la iron��a, vimos que ��stos disalign de la voluntad que los estatutos se estabilizaron de las figuras del ret��rico para consistir mientras que las estrategias de los discursivas. Subyacente a este proceso es posible percibir el flash del rescate de la escritura melancholic, visto bajo luz del saturnine de una mirada que si desea aleg��rico, en la misma incandescencia de la risa del f��ustico

Referencia����o an��forica: um estudo de produ����es textuais no ensino fundamental

Esta pesquisa trata da referencia����o ocorrida pelas an��foras diretas e indire-tas em produ����es textuais de alunos do Ensino Fundamental. Como elemento pri-mordial de nossas investiga����es, ancoramo-nos na referencia����o e estudos da an��-fora no ��mbito da Ling����stica Textual como fazem Mondada e Dubois (2003); KOCH (2003) e Marcuschi (2005). De acordo com estudos j�� realizados e envolvidos com a tem��tica, defendemos a no����o de referencia����o como sendo um processo de cons-tru����o de sentidos que se realiza no discurso, isto ��, em atividades interativas entre os sujeitos exigindo, portanto, uma a����o colaborativa entre os interlocutores. Nesse aspecto, a intera����o precisa existir, visto que os referentes de um termo anaf��rico nem sempre se encontram na superf��cie textual; muitas vezes, s��o constru��dos a partir de uma representa����o ou modelo mental dispon��vel na mem��ria discursiva. Nessa perspectiva, procuramos analisar o processo de referencia����o constru��do a partir de an��foras diretas e indiretas identificando as estrat��gias utilizadas em textos produzidos em situa����es de sala de aula. Dizemos que a an��fora direta, de modo geral, �� definida pela rela����o de correferencialidade estabelecida entre o anaf��rico e seu antecedente, enquanto a an��fora indireta �� vista como uma estrat��gia referenci-al de associa����o, sem referente expl��cito, tendo que se esfor��ar para estabelecer a continuidade referencial no texto e para isso utiliza-se da ativa����o (referencia����o mental) de elementos novos e n��o de uma reativa����o de referentes j�� conhecidos, o que constitui um processo de referencia����o impl��cita. Para alcan��armos nosso obje-tivo, utilizamos como subs��dio te��rico, o processo de informa����o na mem��ria cogni-tiva, a refer��ncia e estudos da an��fora no ��mbito da Ling����stica Textual. O corpus deste trabalho constitui-se de sessenta textos escritos por alunos de 7�� s��rie (atual 8�� ano), dentre os quais analisamos o processo de referencia����o ocasionado pelas an��foras diretas e indiretas em doze desses textos. Considerando os dados analisa-dos, dentre os tipos de an��foras estudados, constatamos que houve preponder��ncia no uso das an��foras diretas, destacando-se entre elas a an��fora direta correferencial co-significativa, com maior manifesta����o no uso das retomadas diretas por pronomi-naliza����o

Refer��ncia ao discurso do outro: uma an��lise de problemas de rela����es de sentido entre discurso citado direto e indireto citante no g��nero monogr��fico

In this study we investigate the reference to other s discourse done it through the resource of direct cited discourse at background section in monographic texts produced by university students at the last phase of final work in their graduate Letras course. This work is guided in cited/related discourse studies in Bakhtin (2004), Authier-Revuz (1990, 1998, 2004), Maingueneau (1996, 2002), Charaudeau and Maingueneau (2004); in genre approaches developed by Bakhtin (2000); Maingueneau (1996, 2002); socio-discursive interaction (BRONCKART, 1999, 2003; SCHNEUWLY, 2004; DOLZ e SCHNEUWLY, 2004) and Bazerman (2005); and also in presuppositions of Textual Linguistics presented by Charrolles (1988), Van Dijk (1997), Beaugrande and Dressier (1981), Koch and Travaglia (1993, 1995), Koch (2002, 2004) and Val (2000, 2004). We have established as aims to analyze and interpret meaning relations problems in how to articulate direct cited discourse with citing discourse and at the same time explain semantic implications that comes from that articulation that compromise text meaning, at background section in that monographic genre. The analysis, by qualitative and quantitative basis in eleven monographic works that form our corpus, gave us the opportunity to achieve and see that meaning relationships in the articulation of direct cited discourse with citing discourse show problems that may be categorized into three different groups: problems related to meaning relationships with citing discourse that comes before it, problems of meaning relationships with citing discourse that comes after it, and problems with of meaning relationships with citing discourse that come before it and at the same time with citing discourse that comes after it (i.e. in relation to both). These analysis also allow us assert that, these problems, just because they occur frequently, they affect the micro level text coherence, and they also compromise the text global meaning. The results show that students at Letras Course, even in the ending process of their course do not show the real domain in relation to some ways of direct cited discourse organization and working, and also how the ideas articulation work in the construction of relations between direct cited discourse and the citing discourse that can turn those students able to produce a text that enhance acceptable patterns

A�� marcador de especificidade de SN indefinidos: um estudo funcionalista com implica����es para o ensino

This body of work aims to describe and analyze the behavior of the A�� specificity marker of indefinite Noun Phrases (NP), one of the many functions this linguistic item is developing in contemporary Brazilian Portuguese. From the Functional Linguistic theory perspective, the North American declivity, this project intends to outline the possible grammaticalization trajectory taken by the A�� specificity marker. It will be followed from its function as a spatial deitic up to its integration of indefinite NP, and the action of the fundamental principles of the theory, such as iconicity and informativity, will be observed on the use of this item. Following this, A�� specificity marker behavior will be described in respect to various linguistic and social factors: type of text where the occurrence is encountered, language modality in which the latter is produced, syntactic function developed by the NP specified by A�� , the existence or lack of material intervening between A�� and the NP nuclear noun, informational status of the NP adjugated to A�� , and finally, sex, education and age of the speaker. The occurrence of conversational implicatures will also be verified (GRICE, 1982) within the contexts of A�� specificity marker use. Reflections on the teaching of grammar will be made, as well as on the possibility and validity of working with noun phrase specificity markers in elementary and high school Portuguese language classes. The data used in this research project stem from Corpus Discurso & Gram��tica A l��ngua falada e escrita na cidade do Natal (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 1998), and from Corpus Discurso & Gram��tica A l��ngua falada e escrita na cidade do Rio de Janeiro (VOTRE; OLIVEIRA, 1995)

Slogans pol��ticos em campanhas eleitorais no Rio Grande do Norte: a m��dia na disputa ideol��gica.

To the observe the periods of electoral campaigns, we can realize sharply the abundance of political propaganda that announces the candidates, their campaign record, their proposed and everything that can carry them to the victory in the urns. The propaganda is today an essential tool in the votes dispute, in consequence of this, there is, in Brazil, the increasing participation of the Politics Parties in seminars of electoral marketing. They are varied strategies of the media used in the divulging of the candidacies, among them the slogan. Instigated by the explicit relation media/political, this work intends to investigate the ideologies (values) announced by the slogans of political propaganda that circulated in electoral periods. Thus, we base on the theory of the Circle of Bakhtin, who considers the statement as unit of the verbal communication, and that conceives the language as phenomenon dialogical, and, too, in the conceptions of alien words, social voices and dialogical relations formulated by the referred theory. We use, for better to comprehend, the slogan as strategy mediatic, of the classical study done by Olivier Reboul concerning the slogan; and, like starting point of a conception about ideology, studied John Thompson to comprehends the ideological phenomenon. Our corpus it constitutes of 14 political slogans announced in the campaigns for mayor of the cities in Natal and Mossor��, both located in Rio Grande do Norte s state, Brazil, in 1996, 2000 and 2004. For the analysis of these slogans, we consider the social-historical context in which were announced, being contemplated the linguistic and discursive aspect, according to the following methodological order: the identification of alien words (interdiscours); the social voices and the kinds dialogical relations established; and, finally, the ideology announced by the statement. This way, we can arrive to the conclusion that in the electoral context occurs a true ideologies war , in other words, in the political game of an electoral campaign, the slogans announces different values, which vary in several factors function, for example, the historicity, the subject that enunciates, the discursive positionings.

Jo��o Cabral de Melo Neto: a est��tica do avesso

La pieza-poema Morte e Vida severina Auto de natal pernambucano, de Jo��o Cabral de Melo Neto, publicada en 1956, es el principal objeto de este estudio, interaccionando con las obras O C��o sem plumas y O rio por la similitud tem��tica entre ellas: el estudio sobre esas obras busca una lectura desvinculada del posicionamiento constructivista y metaling����stico que por tradici��n configura la obra cabralina, no por negar a la cr��tica literaria que da respaldo cient��fico, pero con la pretensi��n de lanzar una nueva mirada dirigida para el concepto de barroco, materia ��sta que implica la creaci��n po��tica a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Por lo tanto, este trabajo presenta una propuesta de an��lisis de la poes��a de Jo��o Cabral a partir del contexto neobarroco. Considerando, sobre todo, los aspectos similares a la tem��tica del barroco, el enfoque recae sobre la influencia de la literatura ib��rica por que pasa el poeta Jo��o Cabral, as�� como la tem��tica sobre el conflicto existencial explorado en el texto Morte e Vida severina, y a��n, los extractos de lenguaje con significaci��n m��ltiple que presentan signos meton��micos y metaf��ricos.