Dinâmica da Plasticidade Sináptica em neurônios do hipocampo durante ciclos de sono: um estudo computacional

Several research lines show that sleep favors memory consolidation and learning. It has been proposed that the cognitive role of sleep is derived from a global scaling of synaptic weights, able to homeostatically restore the ability to learn new things, erasing memories overnight. This phenomenon is typical of slow-wave sleep (SWS) and characterized by non-Hebbian mechanisms, i.e., mechanisms independent of synchronous neuronal activity. Another view holds that sleep also triggers the specific enhancement of synaptic connections, carrying out the embossing of certain mnemonic traces within a lattice of synaptic weights rescaled each night. Such an embossing is understood as the combination of Hebbian and non-Hebbian mechanisms, capable of increasing and decreasing respectively the synaptic weights in complementary circuits, leading to selective memory improvement and a restructuring of synaptic configuration (SC) that can be crucial for the generation of new behaviors ( insights ). The empirical findings indicate that initiation of Hebbian plasticity during sleep occurs in the transition of the SWS to the stage of rapid eye movement (REM), possibly due to the significant differences between the firing rates regimes of the stages and the up-regulation of factors involved in longterm synaptic plasticity. In this study the theories of homeostasis and embossing were compared using an artificial neural network (ANN) fed with action potentials recorded in the hippocampus of rats during the sleep-wake cycle. In the simulation in which the ANN did not apply the long-term plasticity mechanisms during sleep (SWS-transition REM), the synaptic weights distribution was re-scaled inexorably, for its mean value proportional to the input firing rate, erasing the synaptic weights pattern that had been established initially. In contrast, when the long-term plasticity is modeled during the transition SWSREM, an increase of synaptic weights were observed in the range of initial/low values, redistributing effectively the weights in a way to reinforce a subset of synapses over time. The results suggest that a positive regulation coming from the long-term plasticity can completely change the role of sleep: its absence leads to forgetting; its presence leads to a positive mnemonic change

Utilização de sistemas dedicados a protocolos de rede aplicados à eficiência energética da iluminação pública

The public illumination system of Natal/RN city presents some recurring problems in the aspect of monitoring, since currently is not possible to detect in real time the light bulbs which are on throughout the day, or those which are off or burned out, at night. These factors depreciate the efficiency of the services provided, as well as, the use of energetic resources, because there is energetic waste and, consequently, financial resources that could be applied at the own public system illumination. The purpose of the work is create a prototype in substitution to the currently photoelectric relays used at public illumination, that have the same function, as well others: turn on or off the light bulbs remotely (control flexibility by the use of specifics algorithms supervisory), checking the light bulbs status (on or off) and wireless communication with the system through the ZigBee® protocol. The development steps of this product and the tests carried out are related as a way to validate and justify its use at the public illumination

Um hipermídia sobre fases da lua para o ensino de astronomia a distância

The interdisciplinary nature of Astronomy makes it a field of great potential to explore various scientific concepts. However, studies show a great lack of understanding of fundamental subjects, including models that explain phenomena that mark everyday life, like the phases of the moon. Particularly in the context of distance education, learning of such models can be favored by the use of technologies of information and communication. Among other possibilities, we highlight the importance of digital materials that motivate and expand the forms of representation available about phenomena and models. It is also important, however, that these materials promote the explicitation of student's conceptions, as well as interaction with the most central aspects of the astronomical model for the phenomenon. In this dissertation we present a hypermedia module aimed at learning about the phases of the moon, drawn from an investigation on the difficulties with the subject during an Astronomy course for teaching training at undergraduate level at UFRN. The tests of three semesters of course were analyzed, taking into account also the alternative conceptions reported in the literature in astronomy education. The product makes use of small texts, questions, images and interactive animations. Emphasizes questions about the illumination of the Moon and other bodies, and their relationship to the sun, the perception from different angles of objects illuminated by a single source, the cause of the alternation between day and night, the identification of Moon's orbit around the Earth and the occurrence of the phases as a result of the position of observing it, and the perception of time involved in the phenomenon. The module incorporated considerations obtained from interviews with students in two poles where its given presential support for students of the course, and subjects from different pedagogical contexts. The final form of the material was used in a real situation of learning, as supplementary material for the final test of the discipline. The material was analyzed by 7 students and 4 tutors, among 56 users, in the period in question. Most students considered that the so called "Lunar Module" made a difference in their learning, the animations were considered the most prominent aspect, the images were indicated as stimulating and enlightening, and the text informative and enjoyable. The analysis of learning of these students, observing their responses to issues raised at the last evaluation, suggested gains in key aspects relating to the understanding of the phases, but also indicates more persistent difficulties. The work leads us to conclude that it is important to seek contributions for the training of science teachers making use of new technologies, with attention to the treatment of computer as a complementary resource. The interviews that preceded the use of the module, and the way student has sought the module if with questions and/or previous conflicts - established great difference in the effective contribution of the material, indicating that it should be used with the mediation of teacher or tutor, or via strategies that cause interactions between students. It is desirable that these interactions are associated with the recovery of memories of the subjects about previous observations and models, as well as the stimulus to new observations of phenomena

O silenciamento no texto jornalístico e a construção social da realidade

This research analyses the silencehood use by the A República journal (Natal/RN), today not being distributed, during the Second World War. Its objective is to unveil the production condition of the news texts, and it was observed that the use of silencehood as a speech strategy with its implications that falls upon the way of behaving and thinking of the society, all that time, influencing the reader in the construction of his image of the reality. During the coverage of the conflict by the local journal it was possible to also observe different speech marks that represented the change in attitude of the Brazilian Government, responsible for the control of what was spread as news. The country lived the dictatorship of the New State and as the war went on the government changed its speech, according to political, social and economical interest s thoughts being played, silencing themes in the name of the national security. We admit as research material journalistic texts that refer to the main facts that occurred during the six years of the world conflict and that is why we used as theoric-metodological support the Speech Analysis

O significado dos símbolos e dos signos de noites do sertão

Les symboles et les signes de Noites do Sertão, de João Guimarães Rosa, contient l étude d une édition de cette ouvrage, publié par Livraria José Olímpio Editora, en 1975. Un éditeur arrêtée. Notre priorité c est montrer au lecteur les dégradations résultants d altérations ou d omissions qu on vérifie dans les publications postérieurs; d une manière spécifique, les éditions mais récents. Dans le primiere chapitre, notre recherche privilégie l analyse et l explication de las inscirtions qui sons enregistré dans la partie exterior, ou dans la couverture de ce livre. Le deuxième chapitre traite des réflexions sur ce qui se réfère au revers de la couverture, dans le côté gauche: les énigmes dont l auteur utilise avec l intention de bien idiquer au lecteur orientations pour envisager les aspects des narratives. Combien, nous méditerons ici sur la signification des épigraphes de cette ouvrage; sur les noms des personnages les plus importants et sur la connexion de ce livre avec autres textes littéraires. Dans le troisième chapitre nous explicitons la rélation de contiguïté avec cette ouvrage et le platonisme. O Chapitre quatre s occupe d étudier toutes cettes symboles vérifier ici sur la pérspective de la vision Junguienne (C.G.Jung); et dans le cinq, analysons les relations possibles de cette ouvrage avec autres livres du même écriteur. Finalement, nous présentons un vocabulaire qui est très importants pour la compréhention des mots mais compliqué dans ce texte écrit pour João Guimarães Rosa

Os espaços poéticos de um cronista contador

This study discusses chronicler Rubem Braga and his chronicles published in O Estado de São Paulo newspaper (supplement Caderno 2), from 1988 to 1990. The analysis of the 84 chronicles focuses on the study of poetic spaces, mainly based on Gaston Bachelard s book The Poetics of Space. Narrator s characteristics are also shown in the analyzed chronicles, as he resembles a traditional storyteller, even though participates in a genre that belongs to a modern vehicle: the newspaper. The storyteller-chronicler moves in time and space, reporting his experiences to the readers, and also travels inside of himself, discovering places which were kept in his memory

E Rimbaud se fez Rimbauds

Rimbaud, de 16 à 20 ans, a promu le nouveau des idées et formes de la poésie, en abandonnant la tradition par la recherche de l'inconnu, du nouveau verbe poétique où «je est un autre» et contient Rimbauds, multiple. Selon cette perspective, nous limitons la première partie de ce travail, un profil de ce Rimbauds qui concerne: son «Adieu» à la poésie sous la forme de silence: «Je est un autre» - dans laquelle nous avons également parlé du style, l'innovation et caractéristiques, la question - projet poétique?, et, enfin, le mimétisme littéraire de ses premiers poèmes. Dans la seconde partie, on aborde sa poésie, en particulier ses deux proses majeures «Une saison en enfer» et «Illuminations». De la Saison, ont fait des considérations sur ses proses, les proses narratives précédants et les sept proses centrales, dont détaillée de la «Nuit de l'enfer» et illustrent deux caractéristiques de Rimbaud: indécidabilité et incompossibilité. Des «Illuminations» on a saisi les poèmes Ville et Villes «I et II» pour les étudier sous l optique du non-lieu. On travaille encore un autre concept, de la façon dont il est présenté, sept fois dans les Proses, la notion de l Orient :commme il apparaît dans chaque livre, ce qu il signifie et où Rimbaud a cherché ces représentations

A melancolia nas crônicas de Maria Judite de Carvalho

Maria Judite de Carvalho began his literature in 1949 in journals of Lusitanian capital. Until his death, which occurred in 1998, published more a thousand texts, most of them have never been extracted from their support original, the newspaper, making them unknown to the public today. In order to rescue of this precious material chosen as the literary corpus of Search the chronicles published in the Diário de Lisboa, periodic where the writer published the largest number of texts in the section Rectângulos da Vida, 395 (three hundred and ninety-five) chronic for five consecutive years (1968-1972). Looking at these texts I realized that she inserted into her narrative the changes occurred in the twentieth century, in Portugal, capturing the moment of breaking with traditional models and introducing new paradigms imposed by modernity. What happens in this period is an extremely fast and deep change of values and customs with which the Portuguese society faces and experiences with a certain uneasiness. Given this unstable scenario, Maria Judite expresses, through her ironic and critical narrative, the portrait of the Portuguese people and their behavior full of anguish and sorrows that are revealed through the gloom. After a thorough reading of his texts I found that this was the guiding element of juditiana writing. It is presented in the chronicles in many respects they were privileged during the five years of publications they are loneliness, abandonment, death, isolation of individuals who feel increasingly powerless in the face of changes experienced as a consequence of this state and present is melancholy all the time. This is a photograph of Maria Judite de Carvalho on Portuguese society told in her chronicles as I saw this survey.

As Noites Mussetianas na Lírica Castroalvina

Ce mémoire de master a comme objectif étudier l influence du recueil Les Nuits d Alfred de Musset dans la poésie de Castro Alves. Nous allons procéder à une analyse textuelle des poèmes A volta da primavera , Murmúrios da tarde et Adeus à partir de la transposition des thèmes traités par le poète français dans La nuit d août , La nuit de mai et La nuit d octobre . A traves l intertextualité manifestée par des épigraphes de ces poèmes mussetiens, nous trouvons des ressemblances et dissemblances éventuelles qui assurent d un rapport entre ces deux auteurs. Le lyrisme romantique d orientation mélancolique établit des liens entre des poètes qui ont un concep cyclique du sentiment amoureux: de la naissance à la mort, et de celle-ci à la renaissance. La femme, qui se trouve liée aux événements naturels, change le paysage, sa présence étant une raison raison de joie et son absence, une souffrance. La nature évoquée et ses saisons servent de décor vivant aux penchants d états d esprit parmi les amants. Alors, nous verront dans le premier poème castroalvino l euphorie des noces printanières; La mélancolie éprouvée au déclin du jour et ses soupirs évanescents dans le deuxième poème; et dans le dernier, le deuil fermé d un amant qui resiste à accomplir le deuil de l objet d amour

O discurso humorístico nas charges da Tribuna do Norte

In this dissertation, we analyze the constitution and functioning of the humorous discourse in discursive genre cartoon from the recognition and analysis of the techniques of humor used to get the desired effects of meaning. We used the theoretical and methodological assumptions of French Discourse Analysis henceforth (AD) for the research. Specifically on the techniques of humor, we rely on authors like Possenti (1998) and Propp (1992) to see how these procedures are present in the cartoons and make the discourse of humor. To achieve this goal, ten (10) cartoons were analyzed dealing with episodes relating to the management of the mayor Micarla de Souza in the city of Natal, RN. These cartoons were published in the newspaper Tribuna do Norte during the year 2012. The research falls within the field of study of Applied Linguistics and is qualitative, interpretive nature. In the first part, we did a rescue of the foundations of discourse analysis, discussing the concept of interdiscourse, then we carry on about the notion of gender discourse from the perspective of AD, and the genre itself cartoon as we work with the cartoon as a discourse genre, and finally, we deal with this humor discourse in cartoons. We then developed some analyzes to illustrate the postulate that all text is founded upon certain conditions of enunciation; that the relationship between the cartoons and interdiscourse is a constitutive relationship that brings out certain cartoons/ discourses and not others, and especially what humor techniques are used strategically by the cartoonist, whose discursive decisions cause certain effects of meaning. The results of this paper find that discursive relations are relations of subjects and meanings, that the discourse of cartoon is built from other sayings and discourses, and that certain textual and discursive procedures/techniques, as parody, irony, lowering the other, the ambiguity and displacement are mobilized in the text to generate the possible effect of the comic, thus building the humor discourse of the cartoons analyzed

Entre a fé, a obra social e a publicidade: uma análise crítica do discurso da responsabilidade social da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus

Situated on Applied Linguistics (PENNYCOOK, 1998; MOITA LOPES, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2009), this thesis, which is inscribed in a qualitative-interpretative approach of a critical analysis perspective , lies on the speech of social responsibility and the way like that is employed in seeking for legitimacy and prestige within the neopentecostal brazilian religious field, more specifically of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God. The general goal of this research is t reflect upon the speech on social responsibility and the rethoric of selfpromotion of the Universal Church through the role of social actors in the making of his her identities, materialized in the newspaper Folha Universal. In order to achieve that, we have conjugated, in this research, social and discursive analysis. On the linguistic-discursive approach, the research is based on the Critical Analysis of Discourse (ACD), specially in Fairclough (2001, 2003, 2006), a proposal that provides theoretical-methodological tools to investigate the language beyond the linguistic structures , that is, the discourse, social practices in which it occurs and more ample structures. Theoretical assumptions were also used of Sistemico-Functional Linguistics(LSF), matching with categories of the Transitivity System of Halliday (1994, 2004), of the forms of representation of social actors in the socioeconomic perspective by Van Leeuwen (1997, 2008) and of the Appraisal system by Martin and White (2005). As we develop the argumentation on thesobre social role of religion in this thesis, we make use of the authors such as Freston (1994), Oro (1997, 2003), Campos (1996, 1999), Mariano (1999), Meneses (2008), among several ones. We have also used a series of concepts and categories coming from the field of communication and marketing on the business social responsability and social marketing . In this area, we take as references the contributions of Bueno (2003), Fossá and Sartoretto (2003) and Zenone (2006). The corpus of the work is framed by news taken at the newspaper Folha Universal, in which are given the social responsibility actions of the church . The timeframe used was on the editions of 2010 thru 2012. Results found at he analysis of the News lead to semantic features of Assessment of Affection, Judgment and Appreciation, many times followed by Gradation, and the Attribution, one of the subsystems of the Attachment, are evidence of positive assessments for the Universal Church and its agents and make up rethorical elements which provide structure for the discourse of the Universal Church at the newspaper Folha Universal consisted of its image (style) of social responsibility . Results show that the most frequente social actors of the discourse are, on one hand, the Universal Church itself and its volunteers, famous (actors, actresses, presenters), politicians and authorities, on the other hand, the population which was helped by the Church social projects . The first group seems to be Always activated, however the second one, most of the time rather passive. These are also represented by assimilation in most of the occurrences, however the other ones by individualization and nomination entitled by honorification, except for the volunteers that are represented either as an individual, or as a group

Microfilme: literatura e mídia no correio feminino de Clarice Lispector

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Casal nacional: significações do corpo e do figurino no telejornalismo

The main objective of this study is to investigate the meanings of body and costume as essential components of television journalists aesthetic discourse, as exemplified by the presenters of Jornal Nacional, from Rede Globo. The study is inspired on the paths proposed by semiotics, and combines this approach with other techniques of scientific investigation to identify the meanings of this non-verbal communication form. For that, this work uses the concept of communication proposed by the Palo Alto School s authors, more specifically the concept of Watzlawick et al. (2005), which understands communication like relation and inherent of human beings. The precepts of complex thought and the hologramatic principle of Morin (1990), which value the union and the need to connect the knowledge of elements or parts to that of the systems these parts constitute, is also present in the thinking that guides the work. Throughout the chapters, we elucidate our understanding of body and television as media, and fashion and television journalism as languages. This work approaches a televisual history of Jornal Nacional in order to better understand the aesthetic proposed by television news over time, its presenters and costumes. The elements that are part of the televisual language s expression and content are addressed so that we can better understand the importance of body and presenters costume in this context. Finally, we conduct an analysis of the meanings of television journalism presenters body and costume through their stereotypes, their integration into the fashion cycle and also into the televisual analysis of the most important costume elements of Jornal Nacional s presenter couple: colors, models and accessories. We thus seek to strengthen the understanding of the wardrobe inseparable from the body as communication and detail some of their production understanding processes. The women historical role in brazilian television journalism, as well as masculinization of TV journalism environment are important elements to contextualize televisual language thinking in contemporary society. The investigation covers the origins, concepts, proposals, stereotypes, prejudices, reproductions, naturalizations and reinterpretation of the body and the costume of the presenters through time and the relationship between body, fashion and communication

A convergência digital na produção da notícia: reconfigurações na rotina produtiva dos jornais Tribuna do Norte e Extra

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Jornalismo cultural em texto, imagem e cor

O tema deste trabalho é o Jornalismo Cultural. Uma apresentação e discussão de temas pertinentes ao jornalismo especializado em cultura nas páginas do jornal diário. A partir da leitura de alguns jornais, se traça considerações gerais acerca dos caminhos do jornalismo e dos estudos sobre jornalismo com o objetivo de apresentar o jornal que hoje se produz no Brasil, em texto, imagem e cor. O resultado é a descoberta do jornal como forma, desde o texto, escolhas lexicais e sintáticas, passando pelas imagens, composição, escolha e determinação da pauta, ao arranjo destes elementos na página, em respeito ao projeto editorial de diagramação. A conclusão a que se chega que há vários "eus" que governam o jornal diário, e que fazem o jornalismo cultural inovador, porta de entrada às mudanças no jornalismo.