Vitrine das letras: o discurso jornal��stico e a modernidade pedag��gica em Sergipe/Brasil e Portugal - (1910-1920)

Dans cette ��tude, j'ai eu comme objectif d'��tablir les connexions et/ou les non-connexions dans les discours journalistiques sur la modernit�� p��dagogique, dans les journaux O Correio de Aracaju (Le Courrier d'Aracaju, Sergipe, Br��sil) et O S��culo (Le Si��cle, Portugal), dans la p��riode 1910-1920. J'ai tout particuli��rement cherch�� le dit dans les journaux, dans le sens foucaldien du terme, en continu dialogue avec d'autres auteurs, dans une perspective interdisciplinaire. J'ai tent�� de r��pondre �� mon interrogation initiale : quelles sont les connexions et non connexions que l'on pourrait ��tablir entre l'��cole Moderne du Portugal et celle de Sergipe, au Br��sil, en prenant comme source d'analyse les discours journalistiques dans des journaux des deux pays ? �� partir de ce questionnement, �� travers un abordage historico-comparatif interculturel, j'ai soutenu la TH��SE que les discours journalistiques du S��culo et du Correio de Aracaju, bien qu'ils rel��vent de genres journalistiques diff��rents quant au niveau de d��veloppement de la presse, ont traduit une perception et une assimilation de la modernit�� p��dagogique articul��es �� une m��me epist��m��. Ainsi, ces discours ont ��merg�� comme objets m��tis, dont la cr��ation s'est faite dans des interlocutions, ��changes, impositions et d��bats dans un processus continu de communication interculturelle. La nature messianique de ces discours, dans le syst��me d'id��es r��publicain, traduisait le sens de la modernit�� p��dagogique pr��tendue et diffus��e par les textes qui exprimaient l'aspiration de rupture et de progr��s, tant au Portugal que dans l'��tat br��silien de Sergipe. Il a ��galement ��t�� possible de faire des approximations/comparaisons entre la dispute (article d'opinion), dans le Correio de Aracaju et l'enqu��te (interview et reportage), dans O S��culo et de souligner ainsi les connexions et/ou non-connexions pr��sentes sur le th��me de la modernit�� p��dagogique dans les discours journalistiques

A pr��tica docente de Myriam Coeli na d��cada de 1960

The present work has as objective to reconstitute the biographical profile and pedagogical practices of the teacher Myriam Coeli de Ara��jo Dantas da Silveira, in the Professionalizing scholl of the Federal Net of the Rio Grande do Norte, in the 60 s years. The choice of the period is justified by being this the time of important changes in the Education, as an example we have the implementation of the Law of Lines of direction and Bases of the National Education, the 4.024/1961. This teacher contributed for the formation of the potiguar s society scholar, acting in the press, the journalism and the teaching, activity that I analyzed in this study. How the pedagogical practices of her had happened in the 60 s years? This question guided the research and, in the search to answer it I used as source the Public Archive of the Rio grande do Norte, the Historical and Geographic Institute of the Rio grande do Norte, the periodicals of the time, photographs, sketch books of Myriam Coeli and interviews with familiar, former-pupils and contemporaries of this master. I verified that her performance always was based in the educational changes lived deeply for her, carrying through a series of activities in the school as: elaboration of the annual program of Portuguese Language, organization of literary competitions and an practice based on the effective norms without leaving to unite respect and the understanding for the pupils. Of this form, the analysis is not summarized only to the practices of a teacher, but the configuration, in part, of the Rio Grande do Norte educational history in a determined period, the 60 s years

As mudan��as da educa����o do RN nos idos de 1950 e 1960 :a pr��tica de Lia Campo

The present study investigates and analyzes the participation of the teacher Lia Campos, during the 50 s and 60 s years, in the norte-riograndense educational organization. The choice of the period is justified because was at this the time what this teacher remained in the potiguar lands, working in favor of the education. In the search of data that informed me concerning her actions, I cover quantities as the Public Archive of the Great River of the North, Historical Institute and Geographic of the Rio Grande do Norte and the Center of Supplementary Studies Teacher Lia Campos, in the task to obtain photographs and verbal stories of friends and fellow workers, periodicals of the time, laws and decrees. Based on the primary education, the work of Lia Campos shows the relevance of the teaching formation for this level of education and the way as the ones that in it work can lead their conceptions and daily practical tasks. This way, I evidence that the cited teacher promotes, in this State, a series of activities as: survey and systematization of the school net; organization of the administrative stuff of the schools; qualifications and courses of improving for lay professors, as well as implantation of the Law of the Education n�� 2.171/1957. Through this analysis I show as this teacher left printed her mark in the Rio Grande do Norte historiography by means of her actions, being therefore remembered for that they had followed her experience in norte-riograndense lands

Participa����o de mulheres na hist��ria da Escola Mista no Par�� - 1870/1901

This study aims to problematize the history of mixed schools in Par��, from 1870 to 1901, highlighting women participation that helped to build them. The analytical focus of the research fell on the changes and the continuities of the mixed school in Par��. The object of analysis is the Paraense mixed schools, formed by women. The study also brings out arguments that the mixed school was set up in variable forms, concepts, times and spaces, in an overlapping with the inclusion of women in educational universe, either through education, professionalization or teaching in schools of girls and boys. The documentary sources privileged by the study are: the educational law, the newspapers, the government reports and the journals of education, which were examined in a confrontation between what was said and done. The evidential method helped the documentary reading revealed that, in small lines, the linkages built in the search for clues and signs of Paraense mixed schools was assembled with the participation of women, from the perception that historical knowledge is indirect, conjectural. Evidences indicated that the school for both sexes, legally established in the Province of Gr��o-Par�� in 1870, gave the signals of the junction of girls and boys in school, at a time when the presence of women in education was suggested. Mutations related to the educational organization, with the introduction of mixed school in the following decade had a closer relationship with restrictive settings and more effective integration of women in that school. The inaccuracies of the Republican mixed school have revealed, through winding paths, that signal of contradictions between the modern discourse and conservative practices regarding this school, in communion with the expansion of the mixed school throughout the state, including in groups schools, observing the presence of effective women teachers in the regency of such schools and an expansion of students in relation to the equity between the sexes

Uma mulher entre livros: Zila Mamede e o silencioso exerc��cio de semear bibliotecas

Zila Mamede left a great contribution to education and culture in Rio Grande do Norte during the 60s, when she built the most important outdoor library from the state the Camara Cascudo s bibliography. It is this aspect of her work that this text tries to apprehend and narrate. Different approaches have brought Zila Mamede to academy, but her work as a librarian yet did not have had any study. Her pioneer work on organizing and preparing professionals to deal with these constructions full of books was waiting to be told. This work articulates itself with the political and cultural production of Natal during the 60, because it was essential to configurate the city at this time. It was also necessary to interview Zila Mamede s friends, relatives and the people who worked with her. This research also demanded a review of many memoirs by potiguares , and the examination of newspapers and magazines to enlighten the period

A educa����o da mulher em Lima Barreto

Lima Barreto has built an educational conception of women in his fictional productions despite nuances inciting scholars to debate his writings and label him as misogynist and philogynist. Thus, the objective of this study is to comprehend, through signs present in his literary works, how women used to be educated in early twentieth century to accomplish the historical differences in gender relations. The main reason for this extract is the periodicity of his publications that started in 1900 by means of chronicles in newspapers and ended in 1922 after his death. For this, we identified codes and rules forged in the social processes to be assimilated by children through diverse institutions, aiming to incite the production of behaviors and social practices represented by the existence men and women in an ever changing society. Gender relations are analyzed within a society for their configuration concept by Nobert Elias (1970) as interdependence bonds among individuals. An investigative method proposed by Ginzburg (1989) was the most adequate to conduct the research on the work of Lima Barreto because it enables us to reconstruct the education concept for women. The dramas and novels analyzed point out the construction of categories such as women education, family, love and seduction revealing the engagement of Lima Barreto with the social problems of the period investigated. It was concluded that gender differentiation has come from family education which kept men and women in opposing sides giving them a marriage perspective that, after consummated, would bring frustration to women causing them to adopt confronting practices against domination strategies through celibacy or adultery. This research constitutes a reflection based on determined representations like justice, respect and duties that were the ideas defended by Lima Barreto in his writings, concerning both broader situations in social life and particular gender relations

Adelle de Oliveira: trajet��ria de vida e pr��tica Pedag��gica (1900-1940)

This work analyses pedagogical practices of Adelle Sobral de Oliveira, from 1900 to 1940, in order to notice how her performance as educator and administrator took place in Externato Angelo Varela in the Rio Grande do Norte city of Cear��-Mirim within a time in which the public teaching started to be considered modern in the State. Adelle was a self learner who developed an important role as a mentality mentor of a generation in the region. As the research corpus we have taken the five Reading Books written by Felisberto de Carvalho used by Adelle in her Externato, interviews with her ex-students and researches in the newspapers of her time, in the Public Archives and in the Historical and Geographic Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, and also in the governors messages, Education Department documents such as laws, and government decrees and acts. It was also taken as a research font the Publich Archives of Cear��-Mirim. The aim of this PhD thesis is understand the primary instruction spreading and modernization in the countryside of Rio Grande do Norte, which began with her teaching pedagogical practices. The research results show Adele Oliveira used practical and experimental modern methodological teaching methods in the subjects she taught. Due to this, in her scholar routine, she avoided physical punishment and mechanical teaching and learning strategies

A Associa����o Cultural Itapetinguense: um projeto de emancipa����o educacional e pol��tica para uma vila (1936-1961)

Este trabajo de pesquisa posee um car��cter hist��rico y documental, teniendo como objetivo la Associa����o Cultural Ipapetinguense fundada em el a��o de 1936, por la dedicaci��n de los hombres de la ��lite ganadera se congregarem para la lectura de los peri��dicos existentes en aquella ��poca en la villa de Itatinga, actualmente la ciudad de Itapetinga (BA). Conocer la ACI, represent�� evidenciar sus proyectos direccionados para la cultura y la ense��anza, desde su comienzo hasta el a��o de 1961, analizando los conocimientos vinculados en esos proyectos. Entre los mismos, examiamos detalladamente a Biblioteca Dr. Orlando Bahia y las iniciativas realizadas para la ense��anza: la Escola da ACI, el Curso de Ci��ncias, Letras e Artes, el Gin��sio Alfredo Dutra y la Escola Normal Juvino Oliveira, desde el punto de vista de los conocimientos socializados en estas acciones. Entendemos que estos saberes fueron sembrados por la lectura de los libros da la Biblioteca Dr. Orlando Bahia, lo que nos hizo analizar el acervo de la misma, para as�� percibir que estos libros fueroan los testigos de los conocimientos de los maestros en quel per��odo de la hist��ria de la educaci��n en Itapetinga. Ellos fueron y todavia son, no s��lo, los portadores de los contenidos y de los saberes ense��ados, mas los reveladores de un proyeto de la emancipaci��n educativa y pol��tica para la villa de Itapetinga. Estudiar la hist��ria de la Associa����o Cultural Itapetinguense, sus proyetos dedicados para la cultura y para la educaci��n nos ofreci�� la posibilidad de conocer la villa de Itapetinga y su trayectoria econ��mica y social, su desarrollo cultural y el camino recorrido en su emancipaci��n educativa y pol��tica. De esta manera, las acciones culturales y educativas impulsionadas por la ACI y direccionadas hacia la villa fueroan la posibilidad del progreso, del esclarecimiento y confirmaci��n de uma ��lite en el ��mbito econ��mico y social local y de aumento en el ��mbito de los conocimientos y de la educaci��n formal del pueblo en su sentido amplio. Las fuentes citadas para la pesquisa fueron, fundamentalmente, los libros de las actas y los estatutos de la ACI, peri��dicos locales, y libros de registros de pr��stamo de la Biblioteca Dr. Orlando Bahia, adem��s de todas las comunicaciones orales em las charlas realizadas

Palmyra Wanderley e a educa����o da mulher no cen��rio Norte-rio-grandense (1914 -1920)

The present work has the intention to analyze the contribution of the writer and journalist Palmyra Guimar��es Wanderley to the education, throughout her writings in the period between 1914 to 1920. I search through her journalist writings produced in the feminine magazine Via L��ctea (1914-1915) her idealization, and as in the newspaper A Rep��blica e Di��rio de Natal, in the decade of 1920 establishing relationships with education, mostly because of her production in the pages of the paper articles regarding feminine education and women condition. At the same time I sketch the biographic profile of Palmyra Wanderley relating her to the historical moment that she lived. To achieve the proposed goals I begin with a documental research within the available archives and use other sources like pictures and interviews with her relatives. The results of the research show that the worry of Palmira Wanderley with the education in our state, goes beyond her published writings in magazines and newspapers. She has been ahead of Escola de Com��rcio Feminino and Alian��a Feminina, she has also done a conference in the House of the Young Single Ladies' Protection (Casa de Prote����o ��s Mo��as Solteiras), institution of the Alian��a s responsibility that offered shelter, food, formal and religious education to the workers of the Fabric Factory of Natal (F��brica Tecidos de Natal). Her involvement evidences her contribution to the historiography of the education in Rio Grande do Norte, specially the history of women education ensuring her presence in the day by day history

A hist��ria do centro de educa����o integrada Monsenhor Hon��rio: surgimento e contribui����es (Macau /RN - 1956 1966)

The present study objective to construct to the Education‟s History of Centro de Educa����o Integrada Monsenhor Hon��rio in Macau, in the state of the Rio Grande do Norte. By means of the examination of this Institution of education, we intend to analyze its educative practical in the Fifties years, that this was the first one to offer gymnasial course and, over all, for having formed doctors, engineers, teachers, bachelors and economists in the city and the region during five decades of functioning. For this we use the records as documentary sources available in the institution, in newspapers and in public and private archives in the capital and the interior, beyond interview with former-employees, former-pupils and people who had participated of its creation and, consequently, they had made and they are part of this history. The institution‟s history helped to us to comment the reading of Macau‟s education, propitiating us reflections about pedagogical practical, methods of teaching and school regiment, in the perspective to understand a past still so present and all process for which passed the education, in the context of the proper Macau‟s history. The search results lead us to evidence that the creation of this school, in 1956, represented a landmark in the education of this municipal district, contributing of decisive form in the formation of the macauenses

As mudan��as da educa����o do RN nos idos de 1950 e 1960 :a pr��tica de Lia Campos

The present study investigates and analyzes the participation of the teacher Lia Campos, during the 50 s and 60 s years, in the norte-riograndense educational organization. The choice of the period is justified because was at this the time what this teacher remained in the potiguar lands, working in favor of the education. In the search of data that informed me concerning her actions, I cover quantities as the Public Archive of the Great River of the North, Historical Institute and Geographic of the Rio Grande do Norte and the Center of Supplementary Studies Teacher Lia Campos, in the task to obtain photographs and verbal stories of friends and fellow workers, periodicals of the time, laws and decrees. Based on the primary education, the work of Lia Campos shows the relevance of the teaching formation for this level of education and the way as the ones that in it work can lead their conceptions and daily practical tasks. This way, I evidence that the cited teacher promotes, in this State, a series of activities as: survey and systematization of the school net; organization of the administrative stuff of the schools; qualifications and courses of improving for lay professors, as well as implantation of the Law of the Education n�� 2.171/1957. Through this analysis I show as this teacher left printed her mark in the Rio Grande do Norte historiography by means of her actions, being therefore remembered for that they had followed her experience in norte-riograndense lands

O Curso Normal de 1�� Ciclo em Assu/RN (1951-1971)

The aim of this research is the analysis of the history of the Normal Course in the 1st period in Assu, Rio Grande do Norte, since its foundation by the state law no. 621, de 06 December 1951 until its demise, with the implementation of the Course of the Magisterium, by Federal Law 5692 from August 11, 1971. The goal is to answer how it was constituted the operation and the educational practices of this institution, teacher trainers, throughout its existence. For this, we analyze the institution's documents in focus interviews, legislation, of the education, newspapers and books of the season, guiding itself by the studies of Chartier (1991), Elias (2001), Certeau (2001), Frago (1995), Magalh��es (2005) and Julia (2001). When dealing with an educational institution, the central category of analysis is the school culture, in which supported the cutting of specific categories of study: the entrance into the Normal Course, the conferring of a degree, the "Normalista Week‖ in Assu and formative elements. The Normal Course from 1st cycle formed teachers in a basic level, differing themselves from schools of teacher education of 2nd Cycle. It was founded in Assu as Regional Training Course and called Gin��sio Normal in 1961.In the temporal cut studied, 279 women and 07 men were graduated as Regents of Elementary School, demonstrating a school attended virtually by women. In the narrative, it is restored to the inclusion of female students in the Normal Course, focusing on the processes of registration and the admission exams, graduation events, imbued with discourses on the social role of the teacher and the Party Normalista Week, which valued the sense of belonging with of students to the profession. Through theater plays in the school, of practices forming behaviors and stages of female students in elementary school, training elements are reassembled, demonstrating the discourse of modern education intermingled with the Christian Catholic values of the culture for female education. The reconstruction of the historical identity of this institution sometimes close, sometimes unique, when confronted with other schools of teacher training brings a contribution to the setting of the history of schooling in the state of Rio Grande do Norte

O grupo escolar modelo augusto severo (1908-1928): vinte anos de forma����o de professores

Ce travail a pour objet d'��tude le Groupe Scolaire Augusto Severo, situ�� �� Natal, premi��re institution du type dans l'��tat du Rio Grande do Norte. Il analyse la pratique p��dagogique, le mod��le d'��ducation primaire et d'exp��rimentation des personnes en formation de l'��cole Normale de Natal, entre 1908 et l'ann��e de 1928. Dans cette p��riode, se sont produites des tentatives d'organisation scolaire par le biais de la R��forme de l‟Enseignement Primaire (1908) et de la R��forme de l‟Enseignement (1916). Nous nous sommes bas��s sur l'Histoire Culturelle d��finie �� travers la conjonction de l'histoire des objets dans sa mat��rialit��, des pratiques dans leurs diff��rences et configurations, des dispositifs dans leurs variations. Nous avons utilis�� les journaux A Rep��blica et Di��rio do Natal, la revue Pedagogium, des Lois, des D��crets et Messages du Gouvernement, des Codes d'Enseignement et le R��gime Interne des Groupes Scolaires, documents qui proviennent du fonds de l'Institut Historique et G��ographique do Rio Grande do Norte (IHGRN) et des sources iconographiques, provenant de l'Institut du Patrimoine Historique et Artistique National (IPHAN/RN). Dans les Archives Publiques de l‟Etat (APE/RN) nous avons recherch�� les Livres d'Enregistrement des Groupes Scolaires et ��coles Isol��es, Offices, Inscriptions, Rapports et Actes de r��unions de la Direction G��n��rale de l'Instruction Publique et Journal de Classe. Nous avons analys�� l'action des professeurs dans cette institution primaire, ainsi que l'histoire des disciplines scolaires et des programmes d'enseignement, la probl��matique des contenus et m��thodes. Nous avons observ�� que la m��thode intuitive ��tait la dynamique de la pratique p��dagogique efficace et que les rites de r��compense, les c��r��monies civiques composaient l‟ensemble des id��es modernisatrices de l‟��poque

A escola normal de natal (Rio Grande do Norte, 1908-1971)

The research aims to analyze Professor Education in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-Brazil in the period of 1908 to 1971. The work falls under the theme History of Scholar Institutions as well as Professor Education. The research investigates the evolution of the so called Normal School, a school that aimed professor education. It was based on assumptions by works of Chartier (1990), Chervel (1990), Elias (1994), N��voa (1987), Schriewer (2000), amongst others. The research dealt with a great array of documents in different institutions such as Minutes, Public Instruction Management Reports, Laws, newspaper articles (from the newspaper A Capital, A Ordem e A Rep��blica), magazines such as Pedagogium (1921-1940); all of which present in the Geographical and Historical Institute of Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil. In the State��s public archive it was possible to find a book called Livro de Honra (1914-1919) as well as class diaries and books that contained details related to Scholar group Inscriptions. In the Atheneu Memorial the Atheneu Congregation of Normal School (1897) document was analyzed. In the Kennedy Superior Institute the researcher analyzed the Professor Nominal Graduation Registry Book. The work proposes a comparative study regarding the genesis present in the Lisbon Primary Normal School and the ones situated in Natal. The analysis dealt with institutional meanings attributed by educators. Documents from The Portuguese National Library as well as the Lisbon Superior Education School were analyzed. In this in environment, it was possible to analyze documents such as Minutes, Books, Manuals, Internal Regiments related to Pedagogy. The study allowed acknowledging that these Normal Schools emerged from the same historical substrate and present consonance between the two countries regarding once both were associated with politicians, professors, doctors, hygienists and professionals evolved with education. It was also possible to acknowledge that there is a presence of a pedagogical discourse attached to the primary school universe and professor education. The Natal Normal School was present in different contexts and was consolidated as an institution that was responsible for the education and preparation of primary school teachers. The school was considered a locus where it was possible to produce and work with specific knowledge in a peculiar fashion. This knowledge provided the necessary support for professor education and was in accordance with the world��s professional pedagogical movement as well as ideas, discussions and reflections. This school was considered a space for pedagogical activities, professional affirmation allowing action reflection enabling professor representation as knowledge producers legitimating professor instruction

Guiando almas femininas: a educa����o protestante da mulher em impressos confessionais no Brasil e em Portugal (1890-1930)

This paper treats confessional printings as a non formal space for the female education. It reflects on the importance of the woman s role to the diffusion of Protestantism in general, and its Presbyterian trend in particular, besides commenting on the proliferation of printings at the First Republic and its relation with education. In this study, Brazilian Northeastern is seen as a relevant space to the diffusion of Protestantism in Brazil; especially on what concerns the relations between Rio Grande do Norte and Pernambuco. Thereby some fountains were fundamental, as the confessional printings, that is, newspapers, magazines, prospects and other materials recollected in archives located in Natal/RN and Recife/PE, and S��o Paulo. It was also provided a brief incursion on Portuguese confessional printings kept in Oporto, PT. New Cultural History was chosen as theoretic-methodological guide, franchising ways inside the history of book and reading with the help of concepts like Interdependence, Social Configuration (ELIAS, 1993, 1994) and Representation (CHARTIER, 1990), considering that the survey worked out culture-manufactured products that is, intentional materials. It is well known that publishing, or better, the dissemination of printed material used to be associated to Protestants missionary practices since Reform began and, as what concerns the investigated period, in Portuguese and Brazilian lands indistinctly. Printing material in general books, booklets, fragments, as well as the press itself played a central role in divulging reformed ideas, their social options and the means of being and intervening in the world. In this regard, the confessional printings established themselves as an educative, although non schooled, informal space, but, all considered, relevant, seen that they dialogue with another important demand of that social group: formal, literate education. Because it dealt with the diffusion of a printed culture supported by the written word, it required of that group a different modus operandi: formal education. The first letters schools at first, then the high schools later represented spaces established for the circulation of printing material in order that they should be read, divulged and comprehended. This survey intends at last to take a look at Protestantism which, in this context of self-affirmation, reserved a specific place to woman by working out a non formal educational proposal disseminated by printing material. Three models were highlighted in the reformed proposal: Christian education in itself, household education, whose references of motherhood and care towards the neighbor were present and, at last, education to the public space, with emphasis on the practice of teaching. This study also offers a brief dialogue between Brazil and Portugal because, when some periodic printing, book or something like that got to be published in one margin of the Atlantic Ocean, the other margin surely was affected by that feat, received it, divulged it, corroborating the argument in support of the circulation of these printings. It was not only the same language that survived in both maritime coasts; some protestant specificities also crossed out along that sea