Atividades preventivas realizadas pelos cirurgiões-dentistas do PSF de Natal-RN

Family Health Program (FHP) presents itself as a restructured model on basic cares besides having prevention practices and promotion in health as essential parts. According to that, the purpose of this study is to perceive which prevention practices in oral health are accomplished by the dentists from the FHP of Natal-RN as well as the way they have been developed, the knowledge basis to execute the procedure and the use of evaluation instruments by the dentists and by the Oral Health Co-Ordinator. A list of dentists participating on the FHP of Natal in March, 2006 (n= 91) was obtained so it was possible to formulate a structured interview. After excluding those with less than six months attending to the program, and considering the loss, eighty dentists got to be interviewed. It had questions about individual and group preventive procedures, sources of basement to develop the activities and to verify the impact and evaluation instruments. Besides that, an interview was made with the Oral Health Co-Ordinator about the evaluating process and the existence of a protocol as well as about document analysis in the Ambulatory Informations System Unique Health System (AIS-UHS), Information of Basic Care System and Pact of Recorder. The main individual activities consist on Oral Hygiene Orientation (87,5%) and Fluoridization (95%). Group activities remain at scholar groups acts(91,25%) being fluoridization done by 91,25% and educative activities by 86,25% mainly through speeches (61,25%).Orientations about oral cancer were detached on the aged group (39,96%)and hypertensive and diabetic group (19,51%), as well as integration with the health team was respectively 21,93% and 39,02%. Speeches and talk rounds are the main activities for aged, hypertensive and diabetics, and are also expressive to pregnant women. For pregnant women and babies group predominate hygiene and diet orientation. About the evaluation instruments 73,75% of the dentists do not consider their existence, despite 73,75% consider that actions have impact specially due to a increase of hygiene and decrease of caries index on the children. The main sources of basement are clinical experience (42,5%) and preparative courses (33,75%), only 7,5% mentioned population need and local reality. The Oral Health Co-Ordinator related the Attention Pact Recorder and records from the AIS - UHS as evaluation source but also detached the lack of epidemiologic surveying. She mentioned the increase of supervised brushing as a positive result and detached the hardness of the professional to act inside the family and as a team. The AIS-UHS records showed that fluoridization is more used individually and the supervised brushing is predominant as a group action, besides that educative activities at the Health Establishment predominate due to actions at the community. Facing the results, it was verified the act in different groups, special attention given to scholars, as well as focus the activities on caries giving less emphasis to other oral problems. Despite that, there was no epidemiologic instruments or data of the local reality to guide the actions and to be part of the planning and evaluation process

Educação física e televisão: reflexões sobre sensibilidade, tecnologia e conhecimento

Este estudo parte do princípio de que o conhecimento da Educação Física é, eminentemente, vivencial e reconhece que a tecnologia da informação, especifi camente a comunicação de massa, é capaz de transmitir informação para um grande público, modifi cando a vivência das práticas corporais tematizadas pela Educação Física. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa objetiva analisar como o aparato tecnológico, em especial a televisão, interfere na apropriação do conhecimento na Educação Física, com base na refl exão sobre o esporte. Assim, utilizamos o olhar estético sobre o telespetáculo esportivo e a análise de conteúdo para trabalhar com discursos de profi ssionais. Além disso, apontamos para a revisão de alguns conceitos pertinentes à área, tais como corpo, sensibilidade e conhecimento

Práticas clientelistas e dádivas como estratégias de hegemonia política: uma análise sobre o campo da saúde em Mossoró-RN

The reality experienced by many families and individuals who seek and require the services of the Unified Health System - SUS, the relationships between users, health professionals, and political representatives, establishes the core of the issue that guides the choice and interest of this study concerning the prominence of clientelist practices and gifts that permeate the health field. The research is based on the analysis and reflection of the intrinsic relationship between the health and political fields. It analyses the health field and its relationship with the dynamics and developments of the local political scenario relating it to the implementation of the Family Health Program and Community Health Agents Program (PACS/PSF health programs) in the city of Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte which refers to the period 1991-2010; and falls into a methodological perspective of qualitative approach. The methodological tools and techniques used were based on semi-structured interviews, direct observation of the field, journalistic texts and documentary sources. The construction and questioning of the object of the research were based on theoretical contributions from authors discussing the social field and symbolic power: Bourdieu (2005); clientelist relationships and gifts from asymmetric exchanges: Rouland (1997), Lanna (1995), Martins (1999), Carvalho (1999), Diniz (1982); exercise of hegemony and political strategy from authors who analyse this subject: Gramsci (1995), Coutinho (1981), and Gruppi (1978). Furthermore, the research has established dialogues with authors who address the dynamics of Brazilian politics such as Baquero (2001) and Weffort (1993). The collected data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. The results showed that with the implementation of the PACS/PSF programs in the aforementioned city, the health field has established itself as a key scenario for the exercise of political hegemony of the factions that dominate this socio-political context, resizing clientelist practices, however, without modifying the power structures within this social scenario

O concreto e o simbólico no cotidiano da educação em saúde: práticas, representações e processo identitário dos agentes comunitários de saúde de João Pessoa PB

The present study is about an etnographic research based on the Theory of Social Representation and its complementary approach, the Theory of Central Core based on the bourdiesianos concepts of field and habitus , concerning that these concepts, articulated to the constructed social representation, may contribute to the study of social identities. Its aim is to acknowledge which identity references community health agents (CHA), agents from Community Health Agent Program (CHAP) and Family Health Program (FHP) from João Pessoa PB and which social representation is constructed by them towards health education. The study had the participation of 119 CHAs, from which 90,3 % were female and 9,7% were male. Since the identity is also built by the representation of others towards the group, 63 professionals of the FHP group (16 nurses, 16 nursing assistents, 12 doctors, 9 dentists, 6 dentistry office assistents, 4 coordinators, 1 psicologist and 1 receptionist) and 1 nurse from CHAP took part of the study, oficial documents from the Health Ministry were analyzed, verbal information from its representatives were also taken into consideration, as well as reports from the many benefitiaries of the CHA, CHAP and FHP. For data collecting, we used the combination of (a) Direct Observation and Participant Observation of the functioning micro-areas of the CHA at the Family Health Units, and the Union of the Agents; (b) Free-Association of words and expressions to stimulate the CHA , Health Education and Health ; (c) Questionnaire; (d) Interviews. The interviews were submitted to a thematic analysis of its topic. The free-association was analyzed taking in consideration the vèrgesiana proposal (a combination of the frequency and average order of evocation) which treatment enabled the identification of the central and peripheral systems of social representation towards health education and the community health agent. A test of central refutation, associated to the analysis of the indicated evocations as the most important, provided empirical evidence of social representation towards health education as orientation , prevention and hygiene , as well as the identity of CHA as supervisor , friend , help , important , and the link between the community and the Family Health Staff. Other professionals from CHAP, FHP and the Health Ministry share all of these representational contents, especially the concepts of friend and link , also shared by the community. A habitus towards the community health agents was identified, as a representation based on trust and friendship, which gives the professional a great importance towards the daily inconsistencies faced by the community

Praxiologia, representação social de menopausa e práticas educativas de enfermeiras na estratégia saúde da família

This research, whose theme is related to climacteric, aims to know the social representation of menopause developed by the nurses working for Estratégia Saúde da Família (Family Health Strategy) in João Pessoa PB, as well as identifying its structure and verifying the way it interferes with the assistance and educational practices to the climacterial user. In the theoretical level, it is based on a model that articulates the social representations theory, the central nucleus complementary theory and the central concepts of Pierre Bourdieu s praxiology: habitus, cultural capital, social field and symbolic power. A hundred and forty-seven female nurses who work for Estratégia Saúde da Família (Family Health Strategy) in João Pessoa (PB) took part in this research, and the data collection period was from February 2008 to March 2009. As to the methods and techniques, we used the method to determine the central nucleus based on the free association of words, a questionnaire to identify certain regularities that constitute the nurses habitus, and the semi-structured interview to explore opinions and attitudes when facing assistance situations and educational practices and to collect other relevant information. The data analysis was developed, when referring to the free associations, with the help of the EVOC software, which is a group of articulated programs which carry out the statistical analysis of the evocations and the identification of the possible elements of both the central nucleus and the peripheral system of the social representation. As to the questionnaire, we used the descriptive statistical analysis and the analysis of correlation between the variables. The interviews were submitted to a categorical analysis of the content. The EVOC result indicated that the cognition hormone was the only element of the central nucleus of the social representation of menopause. Due to its symbolic value and structuring power, this central nucleus ensures the strict and, at the same time, flexible character of the representational content. The analysis of the social advancement, of some fundamental features of the group habitus, as well as the analysis of its insertion in the health field and of the attitudinal opinions and dispositions concerning the assistance given to the climacterial user, and the analysis of the pedagogical dimension of this assistance, all these analyses lead to the conclusion that the nurses who took part in this research share a social representation of the menopause resulting from the association of different technical and scientific knowledge. These derive from the biomedical pattern as well as from hegemonic values which disqualify old age and overvalue youth, from pedagogical conceptions arising from patterns that are presently regarded as authoritative and old-fashioned and from cultural references (responsible for the semantic variations concerning the central nucleus) which are specific to the subgroups the nurses belong to. This research enables the creation of opportunities for discussion between active nurses working for Estratégia Saúde da Família, and the nurses who are teachers at institutions of higher education, aiming at linking theory to practice, so that they can find ways of thinking about the climacteric and working, in a more comprehensive way, with users who are experiencing this stage of life

Representações sociais e práticas discursivas de profissionais do programa saúde da família sobre o pré-natal

The present study had the objective to identify to the Social Representations of the professionals of medicine and nursing superior level of the Program Health of the Family concerning the assistance for the gestation. The research was qualitative under the optics of the Theory of the Social Representations of Serge Moscovici, of the Central Nucleus of Jean-Claude Abric and of the Analysis of Content of Laurence Bardin. We worked with the following instruments for the collection of data: Questionnaires, with social-demographic data; Free association of Words, with the inductive terms Pregnancy, Assistance for Gestation and Care; Production of mental image and half-structuralized Interview, with the following question: What does the assistance for the gestation represent for you? . We interviewed all the professionals of nursing and medicine of the Program Health of the Family in the city of Santa Cruz /RN (ten for each profession) in the period of February and March of 2007. From the analysis of the social-demographics data, we respectively identified the following percentages for nursing and medicine: the feminine sex for nursing predominated (90%); the age between 24 and 33 (70 and 60%); the religion catholic (80 and 50%) and 50% of the two groups has up to two years of formation and work in the score of the research. The analysis of the others instruments resulted in two categories: Institutionalized vision and Vision of the Common-sense. In the free association of words, the category institutionalized vision is configured as Central Nucleus and of the common sense one as nucleus Peripheral, demonstrating that the Social Representations of the assistance for the gestation attendance are in the universes consensual. In the mental images, we identified to this same construction. In the content of the interviews, the institutionalized vision is permeated by the responsibility of making and the availability of having - assistance for the gestation is recommended by the Health department and necessary genders - while the vision of the common-sense can be represented by the category sort, whose role of professionals of the assistance for the gestation is to strengthen the responsibility for the woman of a maternity socially constructed. In short, the analyzed speeches reflect that, to the knowledge acquired in the academy, are incorporated in the knowledge of the daily professional, and conducted by popular myths. Medicine and nursing recognize the importance of the attendance in such a way for the chance to educate the women for the maternity as for the possibility to prevent complications, but in its speeches they had excluded from this process the masculine figure. We conclude that the meaning of the inductive term take care, part of the common-sense and is incorporated the institutionalized speech to humanize the assistance. However, the pregnancy ceases from being seen in its natural biological direction and starts to be analyzed as a moment of fragility and predisposition the illnesses. Finally, the social nursing and the central nucleus representations for the assistance in gestation for medicine is anchored in the speeches institutionalized and of the common-sense, reflecting the concern in establishing a humanized assistance with quality

O Psicólogo no campo do Bem-Estar: cartografias de práticas na saúde e assistência social

The study focuses on the psychology and Social Well-being Policy encounters. The objective is to understand how the psychologists in the health services of Natal, RN, specifically in the Basic Health Units and social assistance, experience their daily practices. The methodology included observation and interviews of 13 psychologists regarding their daily activities and forms of practice in these services. We utilized an interview protocol directed at the affective memory and the professional life history of these technicians. Field notes were used to produce a cartography of the encounter intensities experienced by the researcher in the investigated context. The data analysis enabled the construction of the following analytic axes: 1) Work processes and proximity/ distancing points between these fields; 2) Forms of government and life management in the well-being context; 3) Experiments of self in the daily services. The first axis showed the precariousness of working conditions (remuneration issues, lack of structure, of training and autonomy for the activities). In the second axis the identified care forms produced in these fields indicated an adherence to the production of ideal subjects characterized as autonomous, productive, healthy and aware of own rights . These were considered normative insofar as they express attempts to break with the established patterns. In the third axis, many technicians experienced constraint with the daily activities because they found themselves in contexts that were adverse to the habitual forms of action. This situation provoked two distinct forms of positioning: a) action expressed by compassion, pity and resentment; b) investment in the practices themselves, so as to overcome its limits and to respond innovatively to the difficulties and/or challenges that these contexts provoke

Práticas educativas e integralidade na saúde da família: um estudo etnográfico

Primary Health Care, especially in the family health strategy, it is expected that the joint assistance and actions of health promotion. The Ministry of health (BRAZIL, 2007) defines health education as an eyeshadow strategy of prevention and health promotion, based on reflective practices, which allow the user to their condition of historical, social and political subject, under the vision of an expanded clinic on the part of health professionals. In this sense, there are guidelines for it professionals to develop educational activities and that they can interfere in the health/disease process of the population, with a view to the development of autonomy of the subject. This research had as objective to understand in the light of the integrality of the care, as is the production of health education practices, within the framework of the family health strategy from ethnographic study in a family health unit (USF). The location of the research was the unit of USF Felipe Camarão II in West Health District, in the city of Natal, RN, Brazil, selected from preliminary mapping of educational practices deployed in units of health of the family of this municipality, based on criteria such as time-to-deployment of USF and sustainability of existing actions. Immersion in the field consisted of participant observation with journaling, held during the period of August 2012 to January 2013, in which she accompanied team work processes in clinical-welfare actions on the USF, in households and in educational activities of group character. The results presented in ethnographic description were analyzed based on the axes proposed by Ayres (2009) for identification of integrality in health practices:the axis of the needs; the axis of the purposes; the joint axis; and the axis of the interactionsThe evidence described from observation point the presence of each axle up health education practices developed by the teams, even incipient form, namely: articulation and appreciation of knowledge and practices of popular culture with local initiatives (Pastoril do Peixe Boi Encantado, Auto de Natal e Grupo Terapia e Arte); Clinical integration with health promotion actions and coordination of multidisciplinary knowledge, with professional-user link (course for pregnant women). However, a few challenges were identified to be faced in order to move forward in these practices in integral care: the need to break with the fragmentation of actions; strengthening teamwork; need for greater sustainability policy of collective actions; intersectoral work aimed at a better role of the State in the face of the health-disease process, adding to the action of individuals.The analysis produced from observation of the processes experienced indicates the need for a better recognition of local managers that actions similar to those that occur in the USF Felipe Camarão II enable advances in completeness as allows inclusion of actors involved in the processes of health work, and stimulate participation and shared responsibility in the fight for health-disease situations

Saúde do trabalhador: entre os dispositivos legais e as práticas efetivas

The health worker is seized in this research beyond the mere applicability of legal devices concerning the legislation of Labor, in order to be established correlations with activities alluding to the public power in the ambit of State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN). This dissertation is an cutting of analysis circumscribed in the research, "Accidents at work: law, citizenship and justice," of the Grupo de Estudos Seguridade Social e Trabalho (GESTO) of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The overall goal turned to apprehend and relate contradictory elements inherent compliance of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in the supermarket which showed the highest occurrence of legal violations recognized by the Labor Justice of RN in the period between 2006 and 2008 . The specific objectives turned to identify, from the condemnatory sentences, violations inherent in the protective direction of the OH & S legislation; analyze the relationship of health damages to workers at the supposed recognition of rights claimed in condemnatory sentences and correlate violations inherent in the legislation OSH impacts on the health of workers, from data contained in expert reports. The justification for perform the research backed up, among other factors, in the fact that class of activity has been presented as the most recurrent in condemnatory sentences, since it chose to focus the analysis on documentary evidence from the supermarket which showed greater expression in relation to violations of the OSH legislation. From a qualitative perspective, the methodological approach was based on content analysis of thirteen condemnatory sentences, handed down by the potiguar labor justice, and three expert reports from a large supermarket in the city of Natal/RN. Aftermaths are evidenced relating to the cyclical processes of reorganization of capital, demanding requirements for labor organizations whose strategies for survival include identifying mechanisms to extract as much of the work force. Structural determination and ideological context that puts into question the historical achievements of workers, for example the legal devices aimed at preventing workplace accidents, expressed in this research as relativized, showing limitations of reach, as was inferred the indemnities, by material and moral damages, arising from Work-Related Musculoskeletal Diseases (MSDs'S), recognized by the laborite judiciary

A saúde do trabalhador na atenção básica: concepções e práticas dos enfermeiros

This study aims to analyze concepts and practices developed by nurses in occupational health in primary care, and it is justified by the need to expand knowledge of this thematic area. This is an analytical qualitative study carried out in primary care units of health districts of the city of Natal-RN, in one health unit in each neighborhood. Data collection was held from August to October 2014, through semistructured interviews, in the following order: Selection of respondents and scheduling of interview; interviews and application of data collection instrument in order to trace socio-demographic profile of the target population; transcription of interviews; categorization of information and analysis in light of hermeneutic-dialectic. The concept of Occupational Health reported by subjects investigated, although simplified with respect to specificities of workers, was revealed with a wide dimension, with perspective of workers’ approach in their physical, mental and social context, suggesting a good seizure according to the expanded concept of health. Furthermore, it was possible to affirm the recognition of an incipient performance of primary care nurses on Occupational Health, whose performance was appointed as defective. In general, some specific actions of Occupational Health, carried out in health facilities, were cited. Other activities showed up to be routine, being held by a minority of professionals aware of the importance and need to reach these users, in order to engage them in the routine of the health unit. Most professionals reported not having approached Occupational Health during undergraduate nursing, highlighting a lack in theoretical and practical aspects of the area

Perfis e práticas dos profissionais de saúde mental em dois hospitais psiquiátricos de grande porte

In the Brazilian network of psychosocial care, health professionals are important actors in the process of transformation of mental health public policies among various services. In the reality of psychiatric hospitals, one should understand the need to expand the debate about the current context of practices developed. This study aimed at analyzing the process of psychiatric reform and the mental health policy in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) from the profiles and practices of higher-level professionals in two psychiatric hospitals. This is a cross-sectional and descriptive research, with quantitative and qualitative data, conducted in two psychiatric hospitals of RN. The universe of the target population was 95 professionals, taking into account the margin of error of 8%, non-response rate and the inclusion criteria: holding effective link with the institution by means of approval in public examination for, at least, six months, being state or municipal servant; having a minimum weekly workload of 20 hours in service; participating in care and/or activities with patients and families in a direct way. The final sample consisted of 60 professionals. The tool for data collection was a questionnaire with closed and semi-open questions about socioeconomic profile, and mental health policies, practices and training. Quantitative data were tabulated in the statistical software SPSS, and simple and bivariate statistics, chi-square type, was used for analysis by adopting the significance level with the value p<0,05. In order to analyze data, the content analysis of Bardin was used. The qualitative findings obtained with the semi-open questions in Analyse Lexicale par Context d'un Ensemble de Segments de Texte (ALCESTE) were grouped into four thematic axes: Professional action in mental health; Mental health training; Scenarios of psychiatric reform and psychiatric hospitals; Mental health policies and practices: challenges for professionals in hospitals. The profile of professionals has revealed the majority of women (89,7%), nurses (36,7%), aged 50-59 years (42,9%), weekly workload of 40 hours (52,4% ), time of completion of graduation from six to 15 years (57%), and 21,4% reported to have specialization in mental health. Regarding the practices developed in individual care, it was found an association between those who do not build or partially conducts the therapeutic project and those who conduct care related to observation and annotation. In family care, it was obtained care consultation during crisis; and, in group care, recreational activities. In the analysis of thematic axes, it was noted that, despite changes identified in the profiles and practices of higher-level professionals in care services for mental health, with the implementation of new public policies for this field, the findings indicate the confluence of asymmetries and divergences in the actions of the teams in psychiatric hospitals, difficulties in managing services, frequent readmissions, reduced quantitative of available services and equipment, high demand of users, disarticulation of the network of psychosocial care, and the very shortage of skilled human resources to compose these services. Accordingly, the evidenced scenarios partially outline the current political and ideological mismatch of the national process of psychiatric reform that denies the role of care actions conducted within hospitals, although it has not gone far enough with the creation of new services that justify the total extinction of this institution

Trabalho em equipe de saúde: uma análise contextual

COSTA, Roberta Kaliny de Souza ; ENDERS, Bertha Cruz ; MENEZES, Rejane Maria Paiva de . Trabalho em equipe em saúde: uma análise contextual. Ciência, Cuidado e Saúde, v. 7, p. 530-536, 2008.

A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal

RODRIGUES, M. P.; LIMA, K. C.; RONCALLI, A. G. A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal. Ciênc. Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82. 2008. ISSN 1413-8123.

A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal

RODRIGUES, Maisa Paulino; LIMA, Kenio Costa de; RONCALLI, Angelo Giuseppe. A representaçao social do cuidado no programa saúde da familia na cidade de Natal. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82, 2008.Disponivel em: . Acesso em: 04 out. 2010.

Promoção da saúde e trabalho: um ensaio analítico

CAVALCANTE,Cleonice Andréa Alves, NÓBREGA, Jussara Azevedo Bezerra da, ENDERS,Bertha Cruz, MEDERIROS, Soraya Maria de. Promoção da saúde e trabalho: um ensaio analítico. Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem. v.10,n.1 p.241-248.2008. Disponível em :.