Do picadeiro ao c��u : o riso no teatro de Ariano Suassuna

The analysis of this work seeks to investigate the meaning of the laughter in the paraibano writer Ariano Suassuna s armorial theater. The study departs, firstly, from an argumentation which centers its content in the theory of the many theoreticians of the question: Henri Bergson, Vladimir Propp, Jolles, Freud, Bakhtin. The essence of the laughter in Suassuna and its esthetic relations are commented, because those elements are responsible for the strength of the literary text. On the condition of scholar about Esthetic and Art History, Suassuna always puts the methods of the estheticism in favor of the loud laughter bearing in mind that it is a source of improvisation, i.e., it may have many senses depending on what it is pretended to transmit to the reader/viewer. The laughter is a mask which is changed to each new situation, representing that way own human condition. Because the theater is an art subjected to recreation, the laughter also is. And because it is a great party where other arts (the dance, the music, mamulengo e the bumba-meu-boi) are present, united to compose a confluent and hybrid language, the meaning of hilarity during the popular celebrations is studied mainly those that happened in Medieval Europe. Thus, in the second part, the basis of the research is the Russian Mikhail Bakhtin s theory that helps to link Suassuna s laughter to the popular party, showing the language used in them and the jokes that give life to the joy of the folk. Soon after, the importance of Suassuna s laughter to the Brazilian Culture, is examined making a reflection about its function at the sociocultural context of the country

Um olhar sobre as veredas rosianas.

The present work objective to study the configurations that the hinterland it acquires in the workmanship Great hinterland: trails, of Guimar��es Rosa demonstrating as this author humanize this element, conferring to it characters universal mystics and through investigations, uncertainties, the auto-corrections of Riobaldo that become hinterland a metaphor of the human interior. Three are the chapters, that they will guide this work: the chapter 1 presents as element key for characterization of the epic one in Great hinterland: trails, the mining hinterland replete of trails, palco of exuberant vegetation, huge and multidimensional scene, where it has an entrecruzamento of fiction and reality. It retakes quarrel of critics as Manuel Cavalcanti Proen��a, Roberto Schwarz, on the existing epic character in the Great hinterland: trails, constructed from deriving myths of the universal culture, that they had been become popular. The brave and gracious knight, that it has its representabilidade in the popular culture. Thus the medieval hero, the knight represented for the Riobaldo personage, it is cognominado by Proen��a as Don Riobaldo of the Urucuia, knight of the general fields. O chapter 2 is a study on the popular culture in Rosa and Cascudo. Cascudo the example of Rosa also is ex��mio studious of the brazilian life, the regionalization and the popular manifestations proceeding from other cultures. O chapter 3 it has as focus of analysis two mitopo��ticas personages: Diadorim e Luzia-Homem, which in the cited narratives they generally they assume functions generally atribute the men. Since children, if they dresses male. Valley to point out that Diadorim is not characterized as man, since in Great hinterland:trails if trajaq always as gunman. Luzia, when complete 18 anos pass if to dress as woman, but the stigma of male and female, inherited of the time where it coexisted the father folloies it for all the life. They suffer pain to have been born to fight and to n��o conhecer to love. They die you deliver the God. This study detects exactly that Diadorim and Luzia-Homem, are personages associates the myths of the universal culture and popular (sphinx, Jellyfish, Venus, Mother d water), that they possess similarities n the archetypes, that transit between the sexos masculine and feminine, without any sexual connotation, possesss it proper code of honr, of this not abdicating ahead of the death. Parallel, in this chapter two cascudianas workmanships willbe studies, that contemplate thematic of the dressed woman of man and being the woman without disguice: the enchantment tale Maria Gomes and romance Flower of tragics romances. The first one will be revisited in order to present subject in Great hinterland:trails through the Diadorim personage. As it will discourse on cases of brave women, cited for Cascudo, immortalized for the tradition, who had made history, that already is not disfar��am of men to carry through acts of bravery and honor.

A doen��a de criar passarinhos: a l��rica humanizadora de Jo��o Cabral de Melo Neto

Jo��o Cabral de Melo Neto n a jamais aim�� les vers sentimentaux et prolixes venus de la tradition romantique. C est pour ��a que son uvre a un discours objectif, rigoureusement elabor�� e elle comporte certaines influences concretistes ��a explique pourquoi l auteur est connu comme l ing��nieur de la langage. En verit��, le po��te m��me dissait qu il ��tait un homme froid et rationnel. La critique a assidument analys�� la mati��re logique et le rigeuer formel de l uvre de Cabral de Melo. Pourtant, dans ce travail nous analysons les po��mes dont le sentiments humaines sont la mti��re principal de l ��laboration de l experi��nce esth��tique. La po��sie de Jo��o Cabral n est pas simple verbalisme formel, ni un uvre sens vie, car les objects concr��tes et la langage objectif n emp��chent pas qui le sujet d��crit avec ��motion les sc��nes presents dans les po��mes. Nous travaillons avec la hypoth��se de que le po��te a une attitude trop humaine quand il parle de l experience culturel et de l experience de la vie dans le Nord-est br��silien. Les unit��s t��mathiques de ce travail, pourtant, montrent la repr��sentation du Nord-est dans la po��sie de Jo��o Cabral et examinent aussi le sentiment qu il sent par la memoire culturel de sa r��gion. Parmi les aspects qui composent sa lyrique humaine nous citons la personification constant de les paysages du Nord-est le po��te ne veux pas faire une d��crition tophographique de la r��gion parce que les places ont un valeuer sentimentel pour lui; au moyen d un discours erotique, Cabral represente les desirs et les intints humaines de sa terre; ensuite, il semble que le po��te est enchant�� et envelopp�� avec certains elemets culturels de sa r��gion, come l hamac, la litt��rature oral et la musique r��gional; la preoccupation avec la population explor��e et la denonciation de la condition miserable dans le Nord-est br��silien confirment aussi la humanit�� pr��sent dans son uvre; finalment, la r��cordation de l enfance et la nostalgie du temps pass�� sont, pour le po��te, un possibilit�� qui peut aider dans la formation humaine de la population

A poesia ibero-americana de Jos�� de Anchieta

El poeta Jos�� de Anchieta, a trav��s de sus poes��as, contribuy�� para la formaci��n de la literatura en suelo brasile��o. Con eso, ��l proporcion�� un encuentro entre los dos mundos lo Nuevo y lo Viejo, Am��rica y Europa representados en la uni��n entre los pares antag��nicos que son constantes en la po��tica anchietana, como lo sagrado y lo profano, la muerte y la vida, lo simple y lo erudito. Su po��tica traduce, por lo tanto, las huellas de la antropofagia cultural, en que el indio y el blanco son uno s��lo; el pagano y el cristiano, juntos, caminan para el centro de sus ideolog��as concebidas por la catequesis y por el popular. En esa amalgama entre las culturas, ��l construye un nuevo c��digo cultural-ling����stico-literario, formando una nueva identidad para la tierra brasile��a, abriendo las puertas para el barroco. Sus poemas est��n en cuatro lenguas: portugu��s, tup��, lat��n y espa��ol. Y de ese conjunto, nuestra disertaci��n analiza el corpus en lengua espa��ola, que en el suelo americano deja de ser espa��ola y se vuelve ibero-americana. Como fuentes de estudio cr��tico-te��rico, nos basamos, como ejemplos, en las obras de Haroldo de Campos, Severo Sarduy, Eug��nio D Ors, Lezama Lima, Oswald de Andrade, Alfredo Bosi, Massaud Mois��s. As��, esta disertaci��n muestra, por el medio de la poes��a iberoamericana de Jos�� de Anchieta el rasgo del inicio de nuestra literatura as�� como del barroco americano y, adem��s, conjuga su poes��a dentro del espacio de los Cl��sicos una vez que se comunica con estos desde el proceso de su producci��n. En esa intercomunicaci��n, Jos�� de Anchieta promueve una apertura para la consciencia po��tica que hace parte de los grandes poetas de la Literatura Universal. ��l une el Brasil, con sus matas v��rgenes, con su primitivismo, al Mundo, con su censura desmedida ante la visi��n del Para��so

A interculturalidade no cinema: um estudo da legendagem e da dublagem brasileiras em um filme franc��s contempor��neo

In this research we present a study of cultural aspects in dubbed and subtitled films. As a case study, we chose to compare the original French version of "Le fabuleux destin d'Amelie Poulain" with both the subtitled and the dubbed versions in Portuguese, with focus on the interaction between the French and the Brazilian cultures. First we considered that (i) the translation process interferes on the perception of cultural relationships; and that (ii) dubbing and subtitling are two methods of translation that result in distinct perceptions from the spectator. Then, we adopted the translation interpretative theory (Seleskovicth; Lederer, 2001; Deslile, 1980) as the general theoretical framework, since it emphasizes the extralinguistic equivalence on the translation process. Furthermore, we based this research on three analytical procedures, which are: the four-step translating operation, the contrastive perception and a translation's typology based on Vinay and Dalbernet's linguistic procedures (Srpov��, 1991, 1995, 2004). We extracted forty-six culture-related elements from the film and identified those belonging to the French ethno-universe. Then, the elements were classified with respect to a theoretical typology, based on concepts found in the Ethnography of Communication and a general typology, based on five general thematic groups, defined by the corpus. The results showed that both Brazilian versions tend to preserve those culture-related elements by using lexical loan and literal translation. The visual context, in its association with the linguistic procedures in both Brazilian versions, was also observed as an important element to the comprehension of the culture-related elements as they are considered in the French culture. As a general observation, the perception of culture-related elements in the film seems effectively be oriented by the translation methods

Um olho torto na literatura de Graciliano Ramos

This dissertation analyses, within a psychoanalytical e literary perspective, the enigma of blindness in Graciliano Ramos s work. The approach takes into account, mainly, the narratives of Hist��rias de Alexandre (Alexandre s tales) and Inf��ncia (Childhood memories) as both books speak of the same theme: the injured eye. The writer s work is scourged so that a broaden symbolism regarding the hurt eye can be found. The subject is discussed from three significant elements: fragmentation, helplessness and melancholy; all these form the creative aesthetic of Graciliano, merging into a single object. Fragmentation representing the internal shattered world of his characters, which is reflected in the environment; helplessness, directly related to feelings of rejection; and melancholy, characterized by a strong feeling of emptiness. The theme of isolation and loss is discussed based on Mourning and melancholy, by Freud, and other theorizers. There is also a brief dialogue with the Romantic and philosophical theories, which tries to explain the melancholic condition in the individual before moments of distress. Such theories are the support for the understanding of the helplessness of the hero in Graciliano Ramos��s literature and for the assumption that the blindness in the mistreated boy of the book Inf��ncia could be the language of the traumatic aspect that colors the entire text of the writer. As matter of fact, it constitutes in the lost object represented in the anguish of the author s characters

As Filhas do Arco-��ris, de Eul��cio Farias de Lacerda : mitos, lendas e contos populares como elementos estruturantes do romance

The corpus of this work constitutes an analysis the literary work As Filhas do Arco-��ris, by Eul��cio Farias de Lacerda, considering object of study myths, legends and popular stories as estruturant elements of the romance. The unchainment of this reading considers aspects of the oral tradition as starting point for the rupture tradition. In that perspective, it became fundamental to describe aspects of the popular culture that consolidated the Brazilian Literature during the 20th century. Like this, it was necessary to understand the development of oral elements and the structuring of the folk-tales, pointing out that As Filhas do Arco-��ris was built in a especial way with regionalist characteristics, following the parameters of the romances published among the years 1930 and 1950. In the researched work, it was noticed a narrative that gathers stories, legends, myths, proverbs and oral locutions. In this, it reveals that the Brazilian literary production grew in aesthetics and thematic. Like this, As Filhas do Arco-��ris is an exercise of the experience regionalist inserted in the contemporary novel, because even with your first publication in 1980, the narrative is configured to the molds of a Romance de 30

Da poesia ao poema: uma leitura do poema-Processo

Caract��risation du "Poema-Processo" au long de sa trajectoire entre les ann��es 1967 et 1972, au regard d��une lecture visant son insertion dans le mouvement d��avant-guarde de la deuxi��me moiti�� du XX�� si��cle, au Br��sil. On v��rifie la fa��on dont le mouvement du "Poema-Processo" s��est form��, comme d��doublement de l��art concret, ainsi comme ses ad��quations �� la conjoncture de son apparition au Br��sil, s����tablissant une comparaison entre la pratique du po��me et les propositions des manifestes lanc��s. L��analyse des po��mes s��lectionn��s d��montre leur co-relation avec les travaux visuels initi��s par les avant-guardes historiques, ainsi comme les r��ponses de la pratique po��tique �� la th��orie developp��e par les principaux repr��sentants, Wlademir Dias-Pinto, ��lvaro de S�� et Moacy Cirne. La production po��tique et culturelle de Moacy Cirne est abord��e en observant sa pratique sur trois points fondamentaux: la production po��tique, la critique litt��raire donnant de l��emphase �� la culture locale et au texte du "Poema-Processo", et la recherche du language des bandes dessin��es.

Marcas da escritura oralizada em Sagarana

This work presents a surveyabout the short stories of Sagarana. first book by Guimar��es Rosa, publishedin 1946, and that marked the Brazilian litterature definitely, since we are in front of a new construction of the language, linked to the establishment of a new Portuguese, trough the association between the cult speech and the speech from the sert��o, always with a pretence sensitivity that rouses when joins archaisms, neologisms, regional expressions and literary language. Among the nine short stories that made up the work, we will select the following ones, to be analysed: "O Burrinho Pedr��s", Tra��os Biogr��ficos de Lalino Sal��thiel ou A volta do marido pr��digo , "S��o Marcos" and A hora e vez de Augusto Matraga". Among the hypothesis that organize and surround this work, we will approach the narrative aesthetics, the creative process and the orallity, i.e., how Rosa trans1ate the oral world, rescuing the archaizing speech in the written narrative construction.We will choose for the establishment of developed questions in this ressearch the theories of Paul Zumthor, C��mara Cascudo, S��lvio Romero, Antonio Candido and Alfredo Bosi, among others. Therefore, we will see, through the narrative reading, how the popular parlances are used, which they are linked. The citations that show the popular tradition presence will be pointed out, through anecdotes, folk songs, legends, myths, folktales and proverbs. Therefore, we, readers, will see the popular tradition presence, that will show itself, and the Rosa's thinking will be known through language art, what is the result of the writer's deliberate choice. We will see the popular experience turned to art

A interpreta����o dos sintagmas nominais com adjetivos atributivos por alunos de ingl��s instrumental

This present work has as objective to analyze the interpretation of the syntactic and semantic meaning performed by third graders in the nominal groups (NGs) with attributive adjectives in the English language in a text of the final exam in the ESP (English for Specific Purposes) discipline. The corpus is made up of 30 exams of two classes from a third grade institution of the biomedical area, corresponding to the basic and advanced levels of the second term in 2006. The text has 24 NGs of different lexical content, a total of 27 NGs in the whole text summing up to 810 analyzed occurrences. The analysis is carried out at the morphologic, syntactic and semantic levels using as theoretical background the traditional and functional grammars (QUIRK et al, 1985; CELSE-MURCIA et al, 1998; TUCKER, 1998), in their semantic aspects, the Semantics (FRAWLEY, 1992) and the Cognitive Linguistics (TAYLOR, 2002). We concluded that the main difficulties were due to the lack of vocabulary and to the use of mother tongue strategies instead of using the top-down strategies for reading a text in English to compensate this gap. We also observed that even when the vocabulary was known, there were difficulties in establishing the semantic and syntactic relations between modifier and noun head. We suggested improvements for the teaching of reading English texts at the third grade grounded in the obtained results such as a more comprehensive study of the several different morphologic and syntactic structures of the NGs with premodifiers and their semantic consequences, an approach of the morphologic, syntactic and semantic aspects of the NGs and the use of both top-down and bottom-up strategies when reading a NG in the English language

El mito, el paisaje y el hombre en la literatura ando-boliviana

This research was based on a study regarding the myth, the landscape and then man in Bolivian literature, a country whose cultural tradition transcends myth and reality, with an exotic nature, inherited from extraordinary people from a remote time, with archeological remains that show its glory, making it particular among other Latin American literatures. To contextualize the literary study of this nation, rich in fantasy literature, understanding its traits in the current literature, we have sought to rescue the history of its first inhabitants, the Kollas, and the cultural reference they inherited and reviewed in the acculturation process between indigenous and Spanish people. This study is based on the contributions of Latin American theorists, such as Antonio Conejo Polar, Nestor Canclini, the Cuban ethnologist Fernando Ortiz, and especially the concept of transculturation of the Uruguayan critic ��ngel Rama. Thus, we have tried to rescue a study about the Andean past, approaching the fundamentals of mythic component in literature, addressing landscape and nature as the ones that illustrate, characterize and give life to the mythical characters and social problems of the Andean man

A rela����o gramatical objeto direto : implica����es para o ensino de l��ngua materna

This paper attempts to investigate the discourse manifestations of the grammatical relation direct object with respect to the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties that underlie this element. The research adopts theoretical orientation of the functionalism from North American and Brazilian schools inspired in Giv��n (1995, 2001), Hopper and Thompson (1980), Chafe (1979), Furtado da Cunha, Oliveira, Martelotta (2003) inter alia. From functionalism, the research uses principles of iconicity, markedness and informativity and it analize categories of transitivity, grounding and animacy. This research is anchored in prototype model (TAYLOR 1995); construction grammar model (GOLDBERG 1996, 2002). Both theoretical orientations share the view that language is a malleable living organism subject to socio-cultural context. Grammar is then the result of created, maintained, and systematized linguistic patterns developed from and used for language use. According to a functional linguistics and cognitivist linguistics verbs are stored in the speakers lexicon in syntactic-semantic frames which are more frequent. These frames carry information concerning obligatory and optional arguments and the semantic roles these arguments take in the clause. The analysis focuses on the semantic type of the verbs and its relationship with the argument encoded as a direct object observing the aspectual nature of verbs. Direct objects are classified according to their morphology (lexical or pronominal noun phrase), semantic role, informational content and animacy. This study discusses pedagogical implications with relation to how the grammatical concepts touched on this paper are treated in school textbooks. The empirical data come from Corpus Discurso & Gram��tica: a l��ngua falada e escrita na cidade do Natal (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 1998). This corpus is composed of texts that contain spoken and written modalities. These modalities are in turn organized according to different types: personal narratives, retold narrative, description of preferred place, procedural place, procedural description and report on argumentation. The sample data totals 40 texts produced by four language consultants of the last graduation date. The paper shows that the same syntactic structures (formed through Subject-Verb-Object) correspond to different semantic-pragmatic structures in relation to specific communicative purposes even verb is an event, process or state. The argument structure are not aleatory but are related to experience; that is the way humans conceptualize the world and talk about it

O devir Clarice e o animal- escrita na literatura infantil

La escritura de Clarice Lispector fue consagrada por la academia a trav��s de sus libros direccionados al p��blico adulto . Este trabajo pretende entre sus objetivos compartir sus obras infantiles con el medio acad��mico y desvincular, desde la escritura clariciana, el ��mbito de una menoridad literaria de la literatura infantil. Repensar la infancia y problematizar sus lugares de escrita. De ese modo, el corpus te��rico de las obras de Deleuze y Guattari nos conducir�� en la desconstrucci��n de tales territorios hacia un desterritorializar y al reterritorializar de la literatura infantil a trav��s de un reinvento narrativo clariciano, lo cual llamamos de F��bula de la Modernidad

Resist��ncia e performance na arte de Jo��o Cota

Researching about the art of tell and the tales told by Jo��o Cota is somehow revisiting the oral tradition and social practice in the story-telling art. It takes into consideration the resistance this art still exerts, mainly by using the performance of oral transmission and receptiveness to tales. The study of this practice contributes to the vivacious and dynamcis permanence of this authentic and traditional storyteller of his repertory and of his form to tellin our culture. Story-telling is part of the humankind living heritage communicated by means of popular wisdom. Despite the risk of vanishing into thin air, along with their narrators, the tales still manage to resist the contemporary mass culture model. How long further will stories like the ones narrated by Jo��o Cota be able to resist to strong and stronger structures dictated by writing and other communication means? Jo��o Cota s practice in story-telling will be studied not only as a proposal to identify the presence of this practice and the oral cultural resistance but also, through the performance prospective, to identify the oral transmission and receptiveness to the tales that are part of this storyteller s repertoire. In other words: what he tells, how he tells it, and why he tells it. The advent of new technologies such as internet, through which people can easily communicate with others in different parts of the world, and the greater and greater expansion in the writing skill concept interfere the maintenance of the oral tradition elements present in Jo��o Cota s narratives and inserted in the Brazilian culture. This has become more visible in the latest decades although we still notice the living tradition and permanence of the story-telling practice in several parts of the country through their wise storytellers. Our research target will require - in each of its study stages reference to works by several theoreticians namely Paul Zumthor, Mikhail Bakhtin, C��mara Cascudo, theoreticians from the receptiveness aesthetic, from the written culture history, from oral cultures and reading practices, from tradition and the Brazilian Culture of oral story-telling. In order to get to know and draw a profile of this storyteller, we ve chosen to use the comprehensive interview method by French Sociologist Jean Claude Kaufmann. The originality in the method consists of the qualitative data put together in situ , concentrated on the storyteller s narratives/speeches recorded on tape, which will be the focal point of this study. Our analysis method is based on tireless sessions of listening to interviews out of which we gathered information related to the storyteller, his practice in telling the tales, and his repertoire

O Ateneu e a nostalgia na forma

The actual study proposes Raul d‟��vila Pomp��ia‟s O Ateneu (1888) among the most significant works in Brazilian Literature panorama, according to the perspective of verbal materiality of the Romanesque genre under a form nostalgia sign that, in its turn, ascends to the archaic origin poetry of fable. Along with large rereading of pertinent bibliography, it is gone here toward narrator Sergio‟s cr��nica de saudades on pursuit of showing it, firstly, as poetic language allegory updated in the novel technique; secondly, as radical metalanguage that still renders problematic several aspects of modern fictional prose