73 resultados para Menores Brasil Condições sociais
Resumo:
Dentre os vrios aspectos da sade do idoso, a sade bucal merece ateno especial pelo fato de que, historicamente, nos servios odontolgicos, no se considera esse grupo populacional como prioridade de ateno. Por isso, se faz necessria a produo de um indicador multidimensional capaz de mensurar todas as alteraes bucais encontradas em um idoso, facilitando a categorizao da sade bucal como um todo. Tal indicador representar um importante instrumento capaz de elencar prioridades de ateno voltadas populao idosa. Portanto, o estudo em questo prope a produo e validao de um indicador de sade bucal a partir dos dados secundrios coletados pelo projeto SB Brasil 2010 referente ao grupo etrio de 65 a 74 anos. A amostra foi representada pelos 7619 indivduos do grupo etrio de 65 a 74 anos que participaram da pesquisa nas 5 (cinco) regies do Brasil. Tais indivduos foram submetidos avaliao epidemiolgica das condições de sade bucal, a partir dos ndices CPO-d, CPI e PIP. Alm disso, verificou-se o uso e necessidade de prtese, bem como caractersticas sociais, econmicas e demogrficas. Uma anlise fatorial identificou um nmero relativamente pequeno de fatores comuns, atravs da anlise de componentes principais. Aps a nomenclatura dos fatores, foi realizada a soma dos escores fatoriais por indivduo. Por ltimo, a dicotomizao dessa soma nos forneceu o indicador de sade bucal proposto. Para esse estudo foram includas na anlise fatorial 12 variveis de sade bucal oriundas do banco de dados do SB Brasil 2010 e, tambm 3 variveis socioeconmicas e demogrficas. Com base no critrio de Kaiser, observa-se que foram retidos cinco fatores que explicaram 70,28% da varincia total das variveis includas no modelo. O fator 1 (um) explica sozinho 32,02% dessa varincia, o fator 2 (dois) 14,78%, enquanto que os fatores 3 (trs), 4 (quatro) e 5 (cinco) explicam 8,90%, 7,89% e 6,68%, respectivamente. Por meio das cargas fatoriais, o fator um foi denominado dente hgido e pouco uso de prtese , o dois doena periodontal presente , o trs necessidade de reabilitao , j o quarto e quinto fator foram denominados de crie e condio social favorvel , respectivamente. Para garantir a representatividade do indicador proposto, realizou-se uma segunda anlise fatorial em uma subamostra da populao de idosos investigados. Por outro lado, a aplicabilidade do indicador produzido foi testada por meio da associao do mesmo com outras variveis do estudo. Por fim, Cabe ressaltar que, o indicador aqui produzido foi capaz de agregar diver sas informaes a respeito da sade bucal e das condições sociais desses indivduos, traduzindo assim, diversos dados em uma informao simples, que facilita o olhar dos gestores de sade sobre as reais necessidades de intervenes em relao sade bucal de determinada populao
Resumo:
El presente trabajo se constituye en un estudio sobre la pobreza y las desigualdades socio territoriales en el Brasil, problematizando la perspectiva territorial de las polticas pblicas sociales observando la distribucin espacial del ndice de Desarrollo de las familias (IDF) en el municipio de Pau dos Ferros/RN, as como las principales polticas sociales, a ejemplo del Programa Bolsa Familia. En este sentido, el objetivo principal de esa disertacin se di en la tentativa de comprender la importancia de la lectura previa del territorio para la reflexin sobre la pobreza en su aspecto multidimensional y para la territorializacin de las polticas Pblicas sociales construidas en el intento de minimizar la problemtica de la desigualdad social, observando la distribucin espacial do IDF en el municipio de Pau dos Ferros/RN. A partir del objetivo general trazado, hicimos una revisin terica sobre los temas, pobreza, desigualdades sociales y polticas pblicas, en el primero caso atentando para el aspecto multidimensional de esta, abogando la importancia de analizarnos la pobreza no apenas por el nivel de rienda, pero considerando otras dimensiones que corroboran para la constitucin del ser pobre, como habitaciones precarias, falta de saneamiento bsico e infraestructura, el no acceso a la salud, la educacin y los otros servicios que posibilitan el individuo vivir con el mejor dignidad. Comprendiendo la importancia del conocimiento previo del territorio para que ocurra las debidas reflexiones e intervenciones en la realidad territorial buscamos reflexionar acerca de ese concepto en sus nexos con la construccin e implementacin de las polticas pblicas sociales teniendo la Poltica Nacional de Asistencia Social (PNAS) como poltica esencial y tambin el el Programa Bolsa Familia (PBF), una vez que buscamos compreender su importancia a partir de la visin del sujeto, o sea las beneficiadas del PBF en el Municipio de Pau dos Ferros. Para tanto, hicimos entrevistas orales con las beneficiadas del PBF que fueron elegidas aislada a partir de los equipos del CRAS, adems de la aplicacin de cuestionarios semiesctructurados y abiertos con gestores y asistentes sociales del muninicipio.Buscamos adems trabajar con algunos datos del Cadnico para el municpio en estudio proponiendo analisar las condiciones sociales y econmicas de las famlias cadastradas. Algunos resultados fueron posibles, a saber, es necesario interpretarse la pobreza a partir de varias dimensiones para no tener el riesgo de quedarnos solamente en la perspectiva financiera, o sea de la rienda, que mismo sirva para lo emergencial no es suficiente para transformar las condiciones de vida de las famlias; PNAS puede ser considerada como un avanzo de la poltica social en el Brasil una vez que posuye importancia fundamental en la familia. Sin embargo, es preciso avanzar en la interpretacin del territorio que en la poltica y en el habla de los agentes sociales , es interpretacin apenas como un recorte donde debern ocurrir las acciones para minimizar la pobreza ; al fin, o PBF es un programa de urgencia moral una vez que combate lo mas emergencial que es el directo de sobrevivir , pero aun no consegui transformar de una manera significativa la pobreza en el pas
Resumo:
The overall objective of this research is to identify and analyze social representations of (the) teachers(the) Ranciere the Initial Training Program for Teachers in Office in Early Childhood Education - PROINFANTIL - UFRN/MEC on the teaching work, seeking to identify their constituent elements and understand the dynamics of your organization. We assume that these teachers work fundamentally, in the institutions of Early Childhood Education, with knowledge of common sense and related cultural inherent to be/do professor in the design of education guardian/giving handouts to ensure the physical integrity of children, causing a rift between the caring and educating. From this general objective, we elected as specific objectives: identify the social, economic and cultural backgrounds of these (the) teachers (sa); identify what is teaching work for them (the) as well as identify which the psychosocial implications driven by RS on teaching work that point to tensions between the training and the exercise teacher as activity profissional.Como theoretical foundation we opted for Social Representations Theory of Moscovici (2003), Jodelet (2001); Specificities of the teaching Work in Early Childhood Education: Kramer (2002; 2006); OliveiraFormosinho (2007); Zilma de Oliveira (2007), Teacher Training: Ramalho, Nunez and Galthier (2003) and Tardif and Lessard (2008), content Analysis: Bardin (2004). As methodological procedure, we chose the Central Nucleus theory, developed by Jean Claude Abric (2000). Contributed to the scope of this objective the 171 teachers (the) that concluded the Proinfantil NBs to participate of TALP with justifications. The corpus arising from evocations around the words suggested by Carlos Chagas Foundation: give classrooms, teacher, pupil and added the word Child Education, were subjected to a treatment with the aid of the EVOC software (2000), identifying the central nucleus. The results indicate the words more evoked and significant: Planning, child care, educating, and play. Indicating that for these (the) teachers (the) the teaching work in Early Childhood Education must have a systematic pedagogical to educate children. These words correspond to the specificity of being/doing teaching in Early Childhood Education. However, the data shows that it is a job with different characteristics of the teaching work in other stages of education
Resumo:
This research aimed to analyse the effect of different territorial divisions in the random fluctuation of socio-economic indicators related to social determinants of health. This is an ecological study resulting from a combination of statistical methods including individuated and aggregate data analysis, using five databases derived from the database of the Brazilian demographic census 2010: overall results of the sample by weighting area. These data were grouped into the following levels: households; weighting areas; cities; Immediate Urban Associated Regions and Intermediate Urban Associated Regions. A theoretical model related to social determinants of health was used, with the dependent variable Household with death and as independent variables: Black race; Income; Childcare and school no attendance; Illiteracy; and Low schooling. The data was analysed in a model related to social determinants of health, using Poisson regression in individual basis, multilevel Poisson regression and multiple linear regression in light of the theoretical framework of the area. It was identified a greater proportion of households with deaths among those with at least one black resident, lower-income, illiterate, who do not attend or attended school or day-care and less educated. The analysis of the adjusted model showed that most adjusted prevalence ratio was related to Income, where there is a risk value of 1.33 for households with at least one resident with lower average personal income to R$ 655,00 (Brazilian current). The multilevel analysis demonstrated that there was a context effect when the variables were subjected to the effects of areas, insofar as the random effects were significant for all models and with different prevalence rates being higher in the areas with smaller dimensions - Weighting areas with coefficient of 0.035 and Cities with coefficient of 0.024. The ecological analyses have shown that the variable Income and Low schooling presented explanatory potential for the outcome on all models, having income greater power to determine the household deaths, especially in models related to Immediate Urban Associated Regions with a standardized coefficient of -0.616 and regions intermediate urban associated regions with a standardized coefficient of -0.618. It was concluded that there was a context effect on the random fluctuation of the socioeconomic indicators related to social determinants of health. This effect was explained by the characteristics of territorial divisions and individuals who live or work there. Context effects were better identified in the areas with smaller dimensions, which are more favourable to explain phenomena related to social determinants of health, especially in studies of societies marked by social inequalities. The composition effects were better identified in the Regions of Urban Articulation, shaped through mechanisms similar to the phenomenon under study.
Resumo:
The use of the term social vulnerability in the study of the reproduction of the social inequalities in Brazil, still, is recent. The social vulnerability is linked to the indicators of social risk. The work approaches the youth's social vulnerability and your relationship with the education, considering the youth a, among other groups socially excluded, vulnerable, in the Brazilian metropolises. It is guided by the methodological theoretical formulations on this thematic one developed by the Rede Metrpoles in the ambit of the project, " Observatory of the Metropolises: territory, social cohesion and democratic governability ( Project Millennium CNPq) and your unfoldings in the Natal group. Empirically, forehead a methodological proposal - still in construction - and it accomplishes a " pilot " study for the city of Natal with base in the data of the Census of IBGE 2000, that proposes mensurar the importance of the social characteristics of the neighborhood on the considered youths' educational acting those that are in the strip from 15 to 24 years. It considers that the youths' educational " earnings as being influenced not only for the social context of the family, also, for your space location in the city - social context of the neighborhood. With base in the results can verify that the youths of the city of Natal present situations of social vulnerability so much in the ambit of the family as expresses in the social space of the neighborhood. Such vulnerability are verified in the low educational indexes, in the high unemployment rates and in the presented social conditions of the researched areas. The youths, residents of those neighborhoods, they are considered vulnerable socially because original of a precarious source of " assets " and opportunities. There is in Natal a low " structure of assets and opportunities " - accessible to the youth
Resumo:
The study aims to answer the following question: what are the different profiles of infant mortality, according to demographic, socioeconomic, infrastructure and health care, for the micro-regions at the Northeast of Brazil? Thus, the main objective is to analyze the profiles or typologies associated mortality levels sociodemographic conditions of the micro-regions, in the year 2010. To this end, the databases of birth and death certificates of SIM and SINASC (DATASUS/MS), were taken from the 2010 population Census microdata and from SIDRA/IBGE. As a methodology, a weighted multiple linear regression model was used in the analysis in order to find the most significant variables in the explanation child mortality for the year 2010. Also a cluster analysis was performed, seeking evidence, initially, of homogeneous groups of micro-regions, from of the significant variables. The logit of the infant mortality rate was used as dependent variable, while variables such as demographic, socioeconomic, infrastructure and health care in the micro-regions were taken as the independent variables of the model. The Bayesian estimation technique was applied to the database of births and deaths, due to the inconvenient fact of underreporting and random fluctuations of small quantities in small areas. The techniques of Spatial Statistics were used to determine the spatial behavior of the distribution of rates from thematic maps. In conclusion, we used the method GoM (Grade of Membership), to find typologies of mortality, associated with the selected variables by micro-regions, in order to respond the main question of the study. The results points out to the formation of three profiles: Profile 1, high infant mortality and unfavorable social conditions; Profile 2, low infant mortality, with a median social conditions of life; and Profile 3, median and high infant mortality social conditions. With this classification, it was found that, out of 188 micro-regions, 20 (10%) fits the extreme profile 1, 59 (31.4%) was characterized in the extreme profile 2, 34 (18.1%) was characterized in the extreme profile 3 and only 9 (4.8%) was classified as amorphous profile. The other micro-regions framed up in the profiles mixed. Such profiles suggest the need for different interventions in terms of public policies aimed to reducing child mortality in the region
Resumo:
Study, a descriptive-like one, is guided by ethnographic principles which have analyzed the elderly within the familiar context in his/her process of health and aging, in the neighborhood called Felipe Camaro, located in the western administrative region of Natal, RN, a Northeastern city of Brazil. The participants are elders aging 61 to 84 years old, living in this referring neighborhood, whose majority is constituted of migrants from the rural region of the state of the RN, retired, including widows, widowers and married couples, with low school-educational degree. For the information gathering it was utilized a semi-structured interview, the participant observation and the field diary, being put into effect, in majority, in the houses and in the Family Health Unit, in a period between March and October of 2006. For the results discussion it was utilized an analysis of thematic content and the program ALCESTE (In Portuguese, Anlise Lxica por Contexto de um Conjunto de Segmentos de Texto or Lexical Analysis by Context of a Set of Text Segments), which through have emerged two corpus: the corpus I, Family and the elderly, and corpus II, The elderly and the aging within society. The analysis of the results has permitted to conclude that the family, also used by the public policies as a strategy of their practices in health, it is a necessary base support for the elderly citizen in his/her process of aging and of health. The elders familiar contexts have allowed this study to identify the existence of minimal social conditions of life, of new rearrangements of the current families by means of the plurigenerational acquaintanceship and the active presence of the elderly woman as a maintainer of this family; also by means of conflicted relationships among one another but in a bearable level of acquaintanceship. Different conceptions about the aging and the elderly generate disagreement and divergency however the family support and help for the solving of these problems and the attention to health are proceeding from the family components. However, it is noticed that loneliness is something present in these elder s everyday lives. About the attention to health, in a basic level of it, it was noticed that there are still a lot of gaps, mainly concerning promotional and preventing actions, deserving a higher sensitization and effort by the local health institutions
Resumo:
O envelhecimento um processo multidimensional que envolve entre outros os aspectos fsico-biolgicos, sociais, econmicos e psicolgicos. Ao avaliar essa fase da vida dentro de uma viso social e cultural, percebe-se que ser idoso ou no varia com as concepes culturais, sendo necessrio investigar as variaes que atuam no processo e rege o fenmeno sociocultural da realidade em que se est inserido. Com o aumento da populao idosa mundial, esse processo tende a se intensificar. Estima-se que at em 2050 existam cerca de dois bilhes de pessoas com mais de 60 anos no mundo, e a maioria delas vivendo em pases em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, acredita-se que existam, atualmente, cerca de 20 milhes de idosos. A normatizao e legislao brasileira de amparo ao idoso em relao sade iniciaram-se a partir da Constituio Federal de 1988 e da Lei 8080 que regulamenta o Sistema nico de Sade em 1990, em seus nveis de complexidade: ateno bsica, mdia e alta complexidade. Para auxiliar nessa prestao dos servios na ateno bsica de sade importante observar as condições sociais, culturais, econmicas e de sade dos idosos e seus familiares. Nesse sentido, a visita ao domiclio e a avaliao deste idoso em seu ambiente domstico torna-se fundamental para acompanhar o cuidar prestado e o quanto esse processo ir interferir no sistema de sade, na famlia e na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Neste contexto, o enfermeiro como integrante da Equipe de Sade da Famlia, presta assistncia sade do idoso no domiclio. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do estudo analisar o cuidado de enfermagem e da famlia pessoa idosa no domiclio com vistas identificao das influncias socioculturais. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo e de abordagem qualitativa, norteados por princpios terico-metodolgicos da etnografia com vistas ao estudo da influncia dos aspectos culturais e sociais na assistncia da famlia e do enfermeiro idosos em domiclio. Foi realizado no municpio de Santana do Matos, RN, tendo como participantes, idosos, familiares e enfermeiros da equipe da ESF, definidos a partir da populao do municpio e obtendo-se uma amostra intencional de 25 participantes: 6 enfermeiras, 10 idosos e 9 grupos familiares. Para a coleta de informaes, utilizou-se observao, entrevista, dirio de campo e grupo focal. Os resultados foram apresentados em forma de narrativa descritiva, na perspectiva dos conceitos de Boris Cyrulnik, com anlise interpretativa cultural de Geertz, na busca dos significados e smbolos prprios da cultura da velhice de idosos e dos seus familiares, sobre cuidados que so realizados, tanto pela famlia, como pelos enfermeiros em domiclio. Observou-se que a famlia e o cuidador, dentro de sua realidade social e cultural, precisam ser mais compreendidos pela equipe de sade para ser melhor orientados e capacitados na realizao do cuidar de forma adequada. Por sua vez, os profissionais de sade, em especial o enfermeiro, enfrentam dificuldades para realizar o cuidado ao idoso no domiclio como a grande demanda de atribuies na unidade de sade como consultas e atendimentos; falta de transporte at os domiclios; extenso territorial do municpio e das reas assistidas; nmero de pessoas atendidas por cada equipe; falta de compreenso dos profissionais de sade quanto importncia da visita domiciliria na ateno bsica. Entendem a necessidade de realizar aes de promoo em sade, preveno de agravos e de educao em sade, alm de reconhecerem a importncia de uma melhor formao acadmica para atuar nessa perspectiva e contriburem para as mudanas necessrias na prtica dos cuidados ao idoso em domiclio
Resumo:
The objective of this paper is to analyze the work of the American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804 - 1864), The Scarlet Letter (1850), in the light of the contributions of Literature and History of the American people in the context of New England. Accordingly, we highlight aspects that justify the inclusion of the work as a historical novel, especially based on the reading of The Historical Novel (1936-37) written by Georg Lukcs. The diversity of voices and social interrelationships that come out of the main characters of the plot of the novel, as well as their contextual buildings, constituted as important traces to understanding the novel as being of historical value. During our study, we found out that it is in the plots of the novels that the characters reflect, at the same time, the specific conditions of their singularities, the general trends of the historical process and the social conditions from which they arise. We also could see that it is in their singularities that lie special tendencies of human beings. Our references to this study came from scholars as Howard (1964), Bakhtin (1998), Eagleton (2006), Todorov (2009), Zabel (1947), Sellers (1985), Cunlife (1986), Candido (1993) and Schwarz (1981)
Resumo:
Este trabalho analisa relaes da experincia, memria e humor e investiga representaes da infncia, da velhice, da loucura e do alcoolismo no romance As Filhas do Arco-ris, de Eulcio Farias de Lacerda e em contos de Primeiras Estrias, de Guimares Rosa, destacando-se que meninos, velhos, cegos e loucos, mesmo marginalizados, podem ser encarados como atores sociais na formao das comunidades. Verifica-se que essas personagens constituem uma coletividade no sentido de evocar a representao de indivduos. Tambm se procura examinar prticas literrias e culturais no mbito do sistema literrio brasileiro, com nfase em regionalismos, oralidade e consideraes sobre literatura e sociedade. desse modo que se busca observar que as obras destacadas esto inseridas numa discusso moderna acerca do desenvolvimento sociocultural. Portanto, a preocupao desta pesquisa deriva da discusso moderna acerca do desenvolvimento social. Diante disso, observa-se nos textos de Guimares Rosa e de Eulcio Farias um tratamento narrativo em torno dessas personagens, enfatizando que as situaes vividas por eles envolvem experincias que os levam a construir, em relao ao contexto social, aspectos de amadurecimento, rememorao, compartilhamento, encantamento, viagem ao desconhecido, movimentos histricos, alegrias e tristezas, sempre demonstrando uma sintonia com a temtica da modernidade. Assim, as condições sociais so interpretadas para evidenciar e confrontar: discriminao, amizade, conflito, respeito, marginalizao, memria social. Ainda so estabelecidas comparaes entre personagens do romance As Filhas do Arco-ris com as de alguns contos de Primeiras Estrias, salientando-se consideraes sobre o narrador, as inter-relaes, regionalismo e relaes entre literatura, organizao e processo social. Esta pesquisa tem por base o conceito de sistema literrio consolidado idealizado por Antonio Candido e os postulados de estudiosos e tericos como: Walter Benjamin, Jacqueline Held, Mikhail Bakhtin, Roland Barthes, Ana Paula Pacheco, Serge Moscovici, Franois Laplantine, Liane Trindade
Resumo:
In the year 376 of the Common Era, a tribe of Germanic warriors known as Tervingi , of Gothic extraction, crossed the Hister (Danube) river due south, entering the Roman Empire. They fled the Huns, a nomadic group that came plundering their way from the East. It did not take long for a conflict between the Roman imperial authorities and the refugees to begin. Peace was reached in 382 and, henceforth, the Tervingi would be officially foederati (allies) of the Romans, gaining the right to remain an autonomous tribe inside the borders of the Empire. For the next thirteen years the Tervingi warriors fought beside the Roman imperial armies in every major conflict. Nevertheless, after the death of the emperor Theodosius I in 395, their relations deteriorated severely. In theory, the Tervingi remained Roman allies; in practice, they begun to extort monies and other assets from the emperors Honorius and Arcadius. The sack of Rome by the Tervingi king Alaric in 410 was both the culmination and the point of inflection of this state of affairs. During the 410s the Tervingi warriors would fought again beside the Roman Imperial armies and be rewarded with a piece of land in the southwestern portion of the Gallic diocese. Dubbed Visigoths , they would remain trusted Roman allies throughout the next decades, consolidating their own kingdom in the process. This dissertation deals not only with the institution of the Visigothic kingdom in the southwestern portion of the Galliae but also with the social and economic conditions that hindered the Roman ability to defend their territory by themselves, hence opening opportunities for foederati like the Tervingi to carve out a piece of it for themselves.
Resumo:
As a result of the financial incentive provided by the GM / MS 1.444, since 2000, Brazil has experienced a substantial increase in the number of oral health services at the Family Health Strategy. There is, however, evidence that these teams have produced qualitatively different experiences which do not translate necessarily into improved quality of life and health. Thus, evaluative research of great importance. This study aims to assess the impact of the Family Health Strategy in oral health in a longitudinal perspective natalense the years 2006 and 2009. This is an intervention study whose design is a community trial in parallel, nearly randomized. The sample consisted of census tracts covered by oral health teams in the Family Health and the Traditional Model (Basic Health Units and non-FHS Program of Community Health Agents and areas not covered.) The sample was determined by drawing ten census tracts to form the experimental group and ten other sectors for the control group by pairing intentional based on socio-economic and geographic. To check the net effect of the intervention was performed multivariate analysis by Poisson regression. As a result of cross-sectional analysis of year 2009, it was found that the effects of the ESF in Natal were satisfactory only for the variables of injuries and for other purposes without and with negative impact on stock coverage reclaimers. However, the longitudinal analysis revealed that the ESB / ESF improved their performance in dealing with grievances, access and coverage of the type of actions and this fact is independent of age, sex and social and economic conditions. In other employees' words are related to the presence of the Family Health Strategy in the region. However it does not say that both models under study (the Family Health Strategy Model and Traditional) are different in terms of performance and it is pertinent to reflect on the need for further development of evaluation studies that use other approaches able to clarify the dynamics of the process whose results can come to the knowledge of the actors responsible for leading the ESF and encourage them to incorporate the assessment in their routine
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This research has resulted of investigations appeared from our work experience as psychologist in a prison of the state Rio Grande do Norte. It deals with the meeting with prisoner in the search for the rescue of the human being dignity, discovering the being that finds annulled by backwards of the prison. The current debate on the prisoners in Brazil has as focus the creation of efficient strategies in the combat to the criminal acts, not being worried in understanding the historical and social conditions in the context in which such acts develop. Our objective was to reach an understanding of the experience of the prisoner in the situation of freedom deprivation in Natal (RN) city. Its significant social relevance meets in emphasized thematic which intends to be revealing of the not-said one of these citizens. The epistemological space and the vision of adopted human being support in the humanist ideas of the Centered Approach in the Person and construct self, central nucleus of the personality theory proposal by Carl Rogers. We opt to the phenomenological method as way of access to the singularity of the experience of each one of the participants, supporting us in the strategy of the narrative as expression of the lived world. The results had pointed that the investigated experience is through suffering, that is, the way to be in the world of prisoner in the situation of freedom deprivation is felt by him/her as difficult to support. This reality is had by him/her as difficult to control, having a negative emotional repercussion for the self, leading the citizen to the alienation of his/her existential flow in these circumstances. The reflections produced in this work take us to consider that the punishment practices on behalf of a normalization of the behavior, linked to the recovery idea, do not meet to the intention of the arrests, that come demonstrating to the inefficacy of the objectives shown in the law as well as the loss of the human being dignity
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The present work shows trajectories of life of seated women agricultural, with the objective to apprehend on aspects to the experience of its sexuality. The daily one of the seated woman is constructed in a new space, called agricultural nesting whose formation if presents with proper singularity to a social and economic context and politician of the Great River of the North. Its passages of life are permeaty by different violences suffered in its daily one and its sexuality is weaveeed by a set of rules that the naturalization of the subordination of the woman in relation to the man keeps. The societies use the systems of the relations between men and women and transform the biological characteristic into activities human beings
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Se estudia el Movimiento de las Profesoras Primarias de la Red Estadual de Enseanza, en Salvador/BA como un movimiento social responsable por la creacin de la entidad representativa de la categora la Sociedade Unificadora de Profesores Primrios (SUPP). Se parte del presupuesto de que los intereses en la valorizacin profesional constituyen factores fundamentales para su eclosin. Se recurre a un referente terico para sedimentar la investigacin emprica realizada a travs de las profesoras primarias que participaron del Movimiento; una vez que rene recuerdos individuales y colectivos. Se abordan las condiciones sociales, polticas, econmicas y educativas que viabilizaron el surgimiento de dicho movimiento y se delimita el intervalo temporal entre 1947 al 1951. Se destaca que fueron necesarios hacer recortes histricos, los cuales han antecedido y proseguido a se perodo, en funcin al relieve del contexto histrico-social para la comprensin de lo que fue y dnde se ubicaba el objeto de la investigacin. Se identificaron tres marcos: el primero se refiere a las motivaciones en defensa de la valorizacin profesional, situado en un contexto de reformas educativas y pensamiento democrtico; el segundo vinculado a la creacin de la entidad representativa, fomentando por la necesidad de creacin de una institucin representativa que pudiese resguardar la categora. Por lo tanto, se delinea la construccin histrica del Movimiento de las Profesoras Primarias, utilizando las categoras de docencia y movimiento social, de forma interpretativa. Se articulan a los hechos y acontecimientos que marcaron se movimiento y su importancia para la Historia de la Educacin de Bahia. Aun que la lucha por la valoracin salarial haya sido el possibilitador de la creacin de la SUPP, se constato que fue una movilizacin poltica y social busc el sentido y el significado de lo que sea docencia con acciones que intentaban la integracin del profesorado primario baiano (del interior con los de la capital) y promover el desarrollo cultural aliado a la concientizacin de la categora
