4 resultados para reasoning with different levels of abstraction
em Repositório digital da Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV
Resumo:
In this thesis, the basic research of Chase and Simon (1973) is questioned, and we seek new results by analyzing the errors of experts and beginners chess players in experiments to reproduce chess positions. Chess players with different levels of expertise participated in the study. The results were analyzed by a Brazilian grandmaster, and quantitative analysis was performed with the use of statistical methods data mining. The results challenge significantly, the current theories of expertise, memory and decision making in this area, because the present theory predicts piece on square encoding, in which players can recognize the strategic situation reproducing it faithfully, but commit several errors that the theory can¿t explain. The current theory can¿t fully explain the encoding used by players to register a board. The errors of intermediary players preserved fragments of the strategic situation, although they have committed a series of errors in the reconstruction of the positions. The encoding of chunks therefore includes more information than that predicted by current theories. Currently, research on perception, trial and decision is heavily concentrated on the idea of pattern recognition". Based on the results of this research, we explore a change of perspective. The idea of "pattern recognition" presupposes that the processing of relevant information is on "patterns" (or data) that exist independently of any interpretation. We propose that the theory suggests the vision of decision-making via the recognition of experience.
Resumo:
In this thesis, the basic research of Chase and Simon (1973) is questioned, and we seek new results by analyzing the errors of experts and beginners chess players in experiments to reproduce chess positions. Chess players with different levels of expertise participated in the study. The results were analyzed by a Brazilian grandmaster, and quantitative analysis was performed with the use of statistical methods data mining. The results challenge significantly, the current theories of expertise, memory and decision making in this area, because the present theory predicts piece on square encoding, in which players can recognize the strategic situation reproducing it faithfully, but commit several errors that the theory can¿t explain. The current theory can¿t fully explain the encoding used by players to register a board. The errors of intermediary players preserved fragments of the strategic situation, although they have committed a series of errors in the reconstruction of the positions. The encoding of chunks therefore includes more information than that predicted by current theories. Currently, research on perception, trial and decision is heavily concentrated on the idea of 'pattern recognition'. Based on the results of this research, we explore a change of perspective. The idea of 'pattern recognition' presupposes that the processing of relevant information is on 'patterns' (or data) that exist independently of any interpretation. We propose that the theory suggests the vision of decision-making via the recognition of experience.
Resumo:
O objetivo desta dissertação é contribuir para a compreensão das atitudes do consumidor mediante atributos de responsabilidade social inseridos em comerciais de televisão. Um experimento foi realizado com 114 estudantes de graduação da Fundação Getulio Vargas, com o objetivo de examinar a sua reação aos diferentes níveis de responsabilidade social presente em comerciais de televisão de marcas de refrigerante com diferentes níveis de lembrança. A análise foi realizada à luz das teorias sobre atitude do consumidor e de responsabilidade social. Os resultados sugerem que para a amostra em questão, o nível de responsabilidade social pode impactar positivamente a atitude em relação à marca, percepção do atributo e atitude em relação à prática de exercícios físicos. O estudo também demonstrou que o nível de lembrança de marca pode impactar positivamente a atitude em relação à marca, intenção de compra do produto, percepção do atributo. De maneira complementar, o estudo comprovou que uma melhor percepção do atributo de responsabilidade social pode impactar positivamente a atitude em relação à prática de exercícios físicos.
Resumo:
Este trabalho é um estudo sobre a aplicação de técnicas de visualização de informação em sistemas de software científico, i.e., sistemas de software voltados para matemática, ciências e engenharias. Enquanto sistemas dessa natureza normalmente fazem uso da visualização científica e figuram como caso de sucesso nessa área, nem sempre são projetados considerando os princípios de visualização de informação. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a aplicação desse conceitos em alguns sistemas reais, desenvolvidos com diferentes níveis de entendimento nessa área de conhecimento e com base nessas experiências propor o desenvolvimento de componentes de software capazes de facilitar a criação de sistemas semelhantes e ao mesmo tempo promover a aplicação destes conceitos.