Racial discrimination in Brazil: interviews with leaders of the black movement

Racism in Brazil has some specificities when compared to other countries, for, differently from, for instance, South Africa and the United States, Brazilian Constitutions, ever since the Independence (1822), have never distinguished the citizens according to race or color. Furthermore, since the mid-1900s, Afro-Brazilian cultural manifestations, such as, for example, samba and capoeira, started to be valued as a part of our “national identity”. These specificities make race relations in Brazilian society a much more complex issue. This paper is focused on selected parts of interviews that deal with the nature of racial discrimination in Brazil, extracted from interviews with leaders of the black movement produced within the scope of the project “The History of Black Movement in Brazil: organization of a collection of Oral History Interviews”, developed by CPDOC, Getulio Vargas Foundation (Rio de Janeiro). These “histories within history”, as told by our interviewees, may be transformed into images that will be able to condense a given reality, thus allowing us to evaluate the gains obtained by oral history methodology.

Hedge em carteiras de opções exóticas no Brasil

O objetivo do trabalho é efetuar uma análise empírica de estratégias de hedge no mercado brasileiro de derivativos. Em particular, consideramos uma carteira de opções exóticas com barreira do tipo knock-in e knock-out. Além das tradicionais estratégias de hedge estático e dinâmico, propomos também uma abordagem alternativa definida por uma estratégia híbrida de hedge. Os resultados apontam que todas as estratégias são eficazes do ponto de vista estatístico, porém a abordagem híbrida é a mais eficiente, combinando a precisão da dinâmica com os menores custos da estática.