129 resultados para Inserção da pesquisa brasileira


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The proposal of this study is to present an assessment of the performance of the Brazilian Government Chamber of Foreign Trade (Camex), which is a board of the Council of Government responsible for the formulation, implementation and coordination of the Brazilian trade policy. The study begins with a historical approach to the international trade and the Brazilian foreign trade, mentioning its origins, features and interfaces with the economic development of the country. Based on the approach aforementioned, several interviews were made with authorities, who have remarkable knowledge about the subject, in order to obtain their views, experiences and suggestions concerning the performance of Camex since its creation in 1995. The list of interviewees includes authorities that are currently responsibles for the conduct of the policy on foreign trade, representatives of the organized society, and authorities who were in important positions in this segment of the federal public administration, regarding both the Minister of State, as Director of Cacex and the Executive Secretary of Camex. The conclusions of the study indicate that the Camex has not been succeeding in fully exercise its mandate of formulate, implement and coordinate the foreign trade policy of Brazil. A combination of factors contributes to this situation, especially its small strutcure, the fact that some ministries compete in the segment of foreign trade ¿don't understand¿ Chamber¿s real purpose, and, at last, the absence of a political mandate"(words taken from Motta Veiga) that would fortify its existing legal mandate. Finally, the study suggests some changes in the current organizational modeling of Camex, especially in its hierarchical position in the federal public administration."

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The changes that have occurred in the Brazilian work market, mainly due to the opening of the economy in the 90th decade, have caused, as a consequence, the unemployment in the formal sector, with the reduction of posts of work in the industry and the precarization of the laborwork. In order to face these questions, it¿s necessary an analysis of the alternative measures, among them, the creation of the cooperative societies, which have increased about 90,8% in the last years. The purpose of this study is to identify and to analyze the functions of the work cooperatives, just in face of the changes of the Brazilian society. The analysis was directed towards a group of eight work cooperatives that work in lots of areas of professionals in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The study reveals the existence of false work cooperatives, whose sole purpose is to intermediate the handiwork with the intention of benefiting enterprises that intend to decrease their own costs of production, just contributing for the precarization of the relations of work. The structure of the Judicial Power offers solutions that protect the workers who are exploited through fraudulent actions, by the false cooperatives, handiworkers. It can be noticed that this structure is enough to answer the challenges presented. It means that it is too bad to apprehend the revival of the work cooperativism and that it must be combated. Of course, it is maniqueist conception that distorts reality and disdains positive aspects of cooperative system. The results of the search have permitted to point out the main characteristics of the work cooperatives analyzed, the profile of the cooperative workers, and also the main obstacles to the development of the cooperative system in Brazil today . A long the analysis of tributary and labor questions and about the participation of the cooperative workers in the management of the cooperative - the most questionable points - it could be observed the development of real cooperative practices, trying to establish the differences between these and the fraudulent ones, also studied in this work. This study represents a contribution to all those who intend to study new relations of work in a critical away and from experiences in development.

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ESTA MONOGRAFIA OBJETIVOU IDENTIFICAR ATÉ QUE PONTO A ABERTURA DO MERCADO BRASILEIRO AFETOU O PROCESSO GERENCIAL DAS MICRO E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS DO SETOR DE CONFECÇÃO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO. UTILIZOU-SE METODOLOGIA DIVERSIFICADA CONSISTENTE DE REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA SOBRE O TEMA, ANÁLISE E INTERPRETAÇÃO DE DADOS FORNECIDOS PELO SEBRAE-ES, IBGE E UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (UFES) E PESQUISA DE CAMPO EM QUE FORAM ENTREVISTADOS EMPRESÁRIOS DO SETOR DE CONFECÇÃO EM MUNICÍPIOS DO ESTADO. PELO ESTUDO, CONCLUI-SE QUE: O PROCESSO DE GLOBALIZAÇÃO TEM AFETADO A ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA E, PARTICULARMENTE, A CAPIXABA; EM RELAÇÃO AO SETOR DE CONFECÇÃO, O IMPACTO DA GLOBALIZAÇÃO NÃO TEM SIDO ACENTUADO; E O PROCESSO GERENCIAL DAS MICRO E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS DO RAMO DE CONFECÇÃO NO ESTADO, SURGIU COMO UMA DAS PRINCIPAIS CAUSAS DA FRAGILIDADE E INEFICÁCIA DO SETOR, TORNANDO-SE INADIÁVEIS E IMPERATIVAS AÇÕES QUE PROPICIEM O DESENVOLVIMENTO GERENCIAL, A FIM DE PERMITIR-LHE CONTRIBUIR PARA A DISTRIBUIÇÃO SOCIAL DOS MEIOS DE PRODUÇÃO.

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The objective of this work is to deeply study of the concept Value of a Country, developed for Simon Anholt who comes to be on-line with what we believe to be the best form to evaluate a Nation, that is, not leading in account only given of per capita product or level of industrial competitiveness, but also given relative to the culture, traditions and tourism and the perception of the people in relation to one determined country, as customers in one satisfaction research. We will work using concepts in the conception of ranking and that they are: Tourism, Exportations, Government, Investments and Immigration, Culture and Population. To the end we wait to have contributed for one better knowledge of the concept and the suggestion for new works. As well as an analyzing the Brazilian position, and what we are making to fortify our image.

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REPETRO, the special tax regime for importing and exporting goods for the exploration and drilling of oil and gas, aims at bringing foreign assets to Brazil enjoying a suspension or even an exemption of taxes, so that Brazilian industry may profit from about 8 billion American dollars in investments. The creation of normative devices as well as the management of the REPETRO model are under the exclusive responsibility of the Brazilian Internal Revenue Services. REPETRO was created in 1999 and is composed of the following customs treatments: importation of goods with suspension of taxes by use of the drawback special regime, suspension mode for national exporting industry; exportation with fictitious exit for the national industry; temporary admission of goods or assets used in oil exploration and production, attending to the needs of both the national and foreign market. Considering the inability of the Brazilian government in restructuring its foreign trade model so that a strong investment in technology could provide for the sector¿s needs, we must ask how we can change REPETRO to help the various companies in the oil business? The issue is very important for one of our main economic activities, though not enough studied. The energy sector has a strategic importance for the development and the economic independence of any country. The winds of globalization lead Brazil to open its economy in the last decade and the national policy for exploration and drilling (E&D) was altered. The government created a new agency dedicated to market control and energy policies, the National Agency for Oil and Biofuels (ANP). With the opening of the market, Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras, the Brazilian giant, lost the monopoly of the oil business. The P-50 Platform, with a capacity for 180,000 barrels per day, was imported based on REPETRO. When it began operating on April 21st, 2006, Brazil achieved self-sufficiency in oil production. The present work intends to estimate the main variables affecting the importation and exportation of goods and assets for E&D, showing how REPETRO works. We also intend to look at the results yielded by the REPETRO model for the development of the production of oil and gas in Brazil, as well as show proposals for its modernization. It has been established that even though since its implementation the REPETRO model has brought fiscal advantages through the reduction of tax costs relating to foreign commerce operations and the incentive of investments in the E&D area with the increase in the national oil production there remain the following limitations: lack of preparation and of knowledge of the model; lack of adjustement of the model to the reality of actitity of E&D of oil and gas; taxes over the pre-operational stage or investment in oil production stage; non-allowance of full access by the national industry to the supply of goods and products relating to the industrialization of goods allowed by REPETRO; other fiscal and administrative difficulties. We conclude that the REPETRO model is important for the development of the area of E&D of oil and gas, but not completely effective. It is necessary to change it or create a new model based on a new perspective of the customs treatment of the activities of exploration and production, minimizing administrative procedures relating to the operations of exportation and importation.

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With the globalization of the economy and the growing participation of several world investors in financial markets, combining the political, economical and social differences of each country, the varying Accounting Statements based on principles, standards, procedures or idiosyncratic accounting patterns become inadequate to provide comprehensible and useful financial information to the users at international level. Considering a country¿s conditions, peculiarities and the stage of development, the need to promote the convergence of the effective accounting practices in the public sector with the emerging international accounting standards is imperative as the public entities endeavor to provide transparent and comparable accounting information that can be understood by financial analysts, investors, auditors and other users, independent of their origin and location. Consequently, the objective of this research was described through the following questions: Which are the main differences between the international and local accounting norms applicable to the public sector in Brazil? Which are the main differences between the applicable international accounting norms and the practices adopted by the Brazilian public sector? And, which are the main differences between the practices adopted by the entities of the Brazilian public sector and the practices adopted by entities of the public sector of countries that formally follow the international accounting norms? The methodology adopted in this research was the one of comparative analysis between standards and practices. To provide a basis for the comparative analysis, the Brazilian standards were used for the public sector and the international standards were identified by consulting with the main international accounting committees. In the comparative analyses of norms adopted in national accounting statements the financial accounting statements of the Municipal districts of Rio de Janeiro and of São Paulo were used, and compared with the international accounting statements of New Zealand. The results of these comparative analyses provide important conclusions about the convergence and harmonization processes in accounting norms and practices for the public sector mainly as they demonstrate some of the conflicts among the recent efforts to base and harmonize accounting practices in the near future, but today significant differences remain between the norms and practices. It was also noticed that, in practice, the divergence in Brazilian accounting practices from the international standards are accentuated by the recognition of the registrations of the budgetary execution in the patrimonial accounting; and, the comparison with the practices adopted by New Zealand demonstrated that the foreign country¿s advances towards harmonizing its standards to the international norms and practices in such an important way that New Zealand independently overcomes the minimum exigencies of harmonization, which in practice, is more complete than the practices currently adopted in Brazil.

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This dissertation presents a research aimed at identifying and explaining the individual perceptions as far as the introduction of computer technology concerning the organization change process and the reason underlying those changes, utilizing for study purposes, a customer attendance agency of INSS , located in São Luís-MA, which data collection was carried out by interviews with three managers and application of to thirty employees, all of them working at the unit researched. The core point was to identify feelings and perceptions of individuals, and the reason steering the change actions deployed in this office. Based on this perception, it is presented a literature review on the main thinkers who discussed the role, and the relevance of reasoning in the development of human relations, both in the organizations and in society. To start with, Max Weber thinking on rationality was introduced, on the sequence, the discussion raised by the Frankfurt School in its first phase, mainly on the Max Horkheimer thinking and finally it is shown a summary of Jurgen Habermas thinking, mainly concerning its communicative action theory proposed as a path to emancipation of individual of current instrumental reasoning. Summing up, we can conclude from this research that perceptions, feelings and opinions indicate that the institution uses to discuss with the civil servants the implementation of change process. For those servants the excessive functional control, the limitation of knowledge production and an artificial functional integration are consequences of the shape and intensity, as well as of computer technologies deployed in the institution. It is also shared by most of civil servants, including managers, that the overall participation would have more validity and would decrease the resistance to those changes. And it is also worth registering that despite of the servants having job stability, only 50% have positive expectations as far as its future in the institution.

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A partir das transformações ocorridas nos espaços arquiteturais, sociais e urbanos do Rio de Janeiro nas últimas décadas do século XIX e início do século XX, a dissertação analisa o processo de inserção do cinema como objeto de ressignificação da Praça Marechal Floriano, nomeada Cinelândia na década de 1930. Supondo que este sentido empregado ao local não está somente na construção ou transformação dos prédios dos cinemas, mas nas ressignificações operadas pelo meio social, a análise assinala a importância do projeto do empresário espanhol Francisco Serrador Carbonell, que construiu no local um complexo de cine-teatros que tinha o objetivo de recriar a atmosfera da Broadway de Nova Iorque nos anos 1920. A hipótese é que as reformas urbanísticas empreendidas décadas atrás e que tinham como objetivo inserir a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como símbolo da modernidade brasileira tenham contribuído para desencadear investimentos como os de Serrador. A cidade ganhou ares cosmopolitas, atraiu os investidores internacionais e recebeu enorme contingente de imigrantes estabelecendo as bases sociais e mercadológicas para a recepção do modelo industrial do cinema americano, que Serrador trouxe ao Brasil. O trabalho de pesquisa observou as mudanças de significado operadas na Praça Floriano. Após a reforma do prefeito Pereira Passos o local se tornou símbolo nacional da esfera pública republicana e posteriormente após a Primeira Guerra Mundial se tornou um espaço popular. As salas de cinema de Serrador proporcionaram uma experiência social e urbana.

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Texto preparado para o Programa de Fomento à Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento Econômico (PDE) do BNDES, em cooperação com a ANPEC. Este texto é baseado, em parte, em um background paper escrito com Eliana Cardoso para o Projeto da OCDE “Shifting Wealth: Implications for Policy Managers and Governance”. Na versão do texto para a OCDE os autores agradecem os valiosos comentários e sugestões de Andrew Mold e John Whalley. ‡ Professor da Escola de Economia de São Paulo, Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV-EESP), e Pesquisador CNPq. E-mail: marcio.holland@fgv.br. O autor agradece o apoio generoso no âmbito do Convênio PDE/BNDES-ANPEC e ao CNPq pelo apoio a pesquisa na forma da bolsa de produtividade em pesquisa.

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Trata da influência do processo de formação social no Brasil no consumo de alimentos no ano 2000. Abordao processo de decisão do consumidor, o conceito antropológico de cultura, a visão da cultura' brasileira sob a ótica de Gilberto Freyree da alimentação no Brasil. Realiza uma pesquisa quantítatlva com 448 mulheres da cidade de Curitiba. Aponta os reflexos; da formação social brasileira nos pratos feijão e arroz.

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O corpus desta pesquisa consiste em detectar as transformações que teriam ocorrrido no financiamento agrícola a partir dos anos 80, tomando-se como fundamental o pressuposto de que o agravamento da crise fiscal brasileira a partir da década passada contribuiu, não apenas para diminuir o montante dos recursos para os financiamentos agrícolas, como também para estimular a criação de um novo modelo de crédito rural.

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O trabalho apresenta as principais discordâncias, conceituais e metodológicas das Escolas econômicas da PUC do Rio de Janeiro e da Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp) em relação às políticas de inserção externa brasileira acontecidas na década de 1990. Aponta seus principais interlocutores e discute suas principais idéias.

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A partir de dados coletados em entrevistas semi estruturadas e observação participante, descreve aspectos do trabalho do funcionário de nível médio da Prefeitura de São Paulo - o Auxiliar Técnico Administrativo - sua identificação profissional, auto-imagem, relações de poder e inserção na organização pública. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória, realizada entre 1994 e 1996, em que implicações de alguns conceitos, modelos e práticas da burocracia pública são discutidos, à luz das observações da autora e dos relatos e opiniões dos funcionários entrevistados.

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Esta dissertação apresenta uma análise sobre o lugar dos governos estaduais na federação brasileira, mais especificamente no que diz respeito ao papel que lhes cabe no âmbito da produção de políticas públicas. Para empreender essa discussão, os objetivos específicos da dissertação se desdobram na análise da trajetória de uma determinada política pública – a política social de habitação. Parte-se do pressuposto de que, embora o peso das transformações ocorridas em nível nacional impacte significativamente o conjunto dos estados, suas respostas a tais impactos, o curso de suas instituições e suas formas de atuação têm se dado de maneira muito heterogênea. Tomando como base estes pressupostos e as hipóteses que orientam a presente pesquisa, busca-se mostrar que: (1) a trajetória de determinada política pública pode imprimir diferenciações nas funções e no desempenho dos níveis de governo; e (2) o desenvolvimento institucional das diferentes unidades estaduais faz diferença e produz efeitos em sua atuação nas políticas públicas. Em síntese, a dissertação mostra como os estados têm buscado seu lugar na federação brasileira no que diz respeito à execução de uma determinada política pública e como este papel é diferenciado e heterogêneo no plano horizontal.

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O conceito de cadeias de suprimentos (supp/y chains) é um dos mais avançados, no contexto da gestão contemporânea de empreendimentos, sendo fundamental para a compreensão da ação dos integrantes dos ramos e canais de fornecimento de recursos para a produção de produtos e serviços. Na indústria da mobilidade, que compreende os esforços voltados para a produção de meios de transporte de tangíveis em geral (incluindo veículos automotores, navios, locomotivas, aviões, dentre outros), a cadeia de suprimentos é complexa e envolve múltiplos canais. Dentre os vários canais, há o que se ocupa de fornecer componentes essenciais para a fabricação de veículos automotores, destacando-se, neste, o de fornecimento de DET (dispositivo eletrônico por toque). Numa economia globalizada, como ocorre no Brasil, neste princípio do século XXI , DET e outros componentes podem ser adquiridos no país ou em qualquer outro lugar do planeta, onde preço, qualidade e condições de fornecimento se mostrarem competitivos. Há, entretanto, fatores perturbadores que prevalecem, mesmo em situação de comércio praticamente livre e com o predomínio de acordos comerciais bilaterais ou multilaterais. Um desses fatores é o risco cambial, aliás, um fenômeno típico da realidade atual, onde instabilidades monetárias podem fazer oscilar a cotação das moedas, alterando inteiramente os padrões de custos vigentes na cadeia de suprimentos, afetando o processo de tomada de decisões e o preço final do produto para o cliente. Visando a reduzir este problema, uma montadora de veículos instalada no Brasil (aqui denominada MAGfl manifestou-se interessada em que os fornecedores de DET com gabarito para integrar sua supp/y chain pudessem fornecer produtos em moeda nacional, significando, na prática, a busca de soluções para melhorar sua competitividade (em qualidade e preço, a primeira com um leque maior de fornecedores e o segundo através da redução do espectro de variações de custo, eliminadas as oscilações cambiais). Deste modo, a empresa pretendeu agregar valor aos seus produtos. A presente dissertação de mestrado, utilizando o método combinado de estudo de caso com PAR (Participatory Action Research ou pesquisaação), retrata a experiência vivida por uma organização transnacional, com negócios no país (a ETE), em sua busca de solução para adequar-se aos objetivos do cliente MAG, adaptando o canal de fornecimento para que maior valor agregado possa ser percebido. A dissertação procura, neste sentido, acompanhar o processo de análise e estudos de viabilidade de um empreendimento denominado "Projeto High Sound", realizado pelas organizações envolvidas, incluindo a pesquisa e a constituição de uma joint venture com parceiro nacional (PAN), contemplando, por fim, a análise de oportunidade sobre a possível operação direta futura da ETE no país confrontada com a análise de manutenção de operação com gestão compartilhada, em sistema de off-set, com empresa gerenciadora de canais de comercialização