Karriärutveckling inom organisationer : En studie om hur organisationer i Dalarnas län arbetar med karriärutveckling för att behålla sina medarbetare

Denna studie beskriver inledningsvis hur begreppet karriär har genomgått en förändring, från att styras av organisationerna till att individen har mer möjligheter att påverka sin egen utveckling. För organisationer är det därför viktigt att arbeta för att behålla sina medarbetare för att vara konkurrenskraftiga på marknaden. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur organisationer i Dalarnas län arbetar med karriärutveckling för att behålla sina medarbetare. Vi har studerat tidigare teorier och forskning inom ämnet och genomfört en kvalitativ studie. Vidare har vi intervjuat respondenter från fem olika organisationer i Dalarnas län för att undersöka hur organisationerna arbetar med karriärutveckling. Utifrån våra intervjuer har vi kunnat identifiera strategier och motivationsfaktorer organisationerna arbetar med för att utveckla sina medarbetare. För att organisationer i Dalarnas län ska vara konkurrenskraftiga på marknaden bör de utveckla starkare strategier för att inte förlora medarbetare till konkurrenter.

Health system context and implementation of evidence-based practices-development and validation of the Context Assessment for Community Health (COACH) tool for low- and middle-income settings

Background: The gap between what is known and what is practiced results in health service users not benefitting from advances in healthcare, and in unnecessary costs. A supportive context is considered a key element for successful implementation of evidence-based practices (EBP). There were no tools available for the systematic mapping of aspects of organizational context influencing the implementation of EBPs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, this project aimed to develop and psychometrically validate a tool for this purpose. Methods: The development of the Context Assessment for Community Health (COACH) tool was premised on the context dimension in the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework, and is a derivative product of the Alberta Context Tool. Its development was undertaken in Bangladesh, Vietnam, Uganda, South Africa and Nicaragua in six phases: (1) defining dimensions and draft tool development, (2) content validity amongst in-country expert panels, (3) content validity amongst international experts, (4) response process validity, (5) translation and (6) evaluation of psychometric properties amongst 690 health workers in the five countries. Results: The tool was validated for use amongst physicians, nurse/midwives and community health workers. The six phases of development resulted in a good fit between the theoretical dimensions of the COACH tool and its psychometric properties. The tool has 49 items measuring eight aspects of context: Resources, Community engagement, Commitment to work, Informal payment, Leadership, Work culture, Monitoring services for action and Sources of knowledge. Conclusions: Aspects of organizational context that were identified as influencing the implementation of EBPs in high-income settings were also found to be relevant in LMICs. However, there were additional aspects of context of relevance in LMICs specifically Resources, Community engagement, Commitment to work and Informal payment. Use of the COACH tool will allow for systematic description of the local healthcare context prior implementing healthcare interventions to allow for tailoring implementation strategies or as part of the evaluation of implementing healthcare interventions and thus allow for deeper insights into the process of implementing EBPs in LMICs.

Women of Substance : The Aspect of Education, Career and Female Identity in Pride and Prejudice and Bridget Jones's Diary

Although two hundred years separate Jane Austen and Helen Fielding and, subsequently, also their portrayals of society, the similarities outweigh the differences. When juxtaposing Pride and Prejudice and Bridget Jones’s Diary in the light of feminism it is evident that both books provide clear examples of the prevailing situation of women in each time and place. The aspects of the study, which are especially important today, show both the development and some degree of stagnation of women’s rights and identities.