Participación de niños y niñas en los grupos armados ilegales de Colombia : una revisión de la literatura de los procesos de reclutamiento, permanencia y desmovilización desde el enfoque psicosocial

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre la participación de niños y niñas en los grupos armados ilegales de Colombia en estudios nacionales, para analizar desde un enfoque psicosocial los procesos de reclutamiento/vinculación, permanencia y desmovilización. Se revisaron 26 investigaciones publicadas entre 2005 y 2015 de bases de datos especializadas y catálogos de universidades. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los estudios realizados sobre participación de niños y niñas en los grupos armados se concentran en los procesos de vinculación y desvinculación. Puntualmente, los estudios desde el enfoque psicosocial encontrados hacen referencia a la comprensión del fenómeno desde el enfoque ecológico. En ello, abordan temas como la configuración de la identidad, las motivaciones, las interacciones con su entorno cercano y con las instituciones sociales y políticas.

Academic stress in master’s students and its modulatory variables: a between-groups design

The present investigation tries to establish the descriptive profile of the academic stress of the students of the masters in education and to identify which sociodemographic and situational variables play a modulator role. This investigation is based on the Person-Surroundings Research Program and the systemical cognitive model of academic stress. The study can be characterized as transectional, correlational and non experimental. The collection of the information was made through the SISCO inventory of Academic Stress which was applied to 152 students. The main results suggest that 95% of the master students report having felt academic stress a few times but with medium-high intensity. Variables gender, civil state, attending masters and institutional support of the attending masters act as modulators in academic stress.

Bibliography profiling of undergraduate theses in a professional psychology program

The bibliographic profile of 125 undergraduate (licentiate) theses was analyzed, describing absolute quantities of several bibliometric variables, as well as within-document indexes and average lags of the references. The results show a consistent pattern across the years in the 6 cohorts included in the sample (2001-2007), with variations, which fall within the robust confi dence intervals for the global central tendency. The median number of references per document was 52 (99% CI 47-55); the median  percentage of journal articles cited was 55%, with a median age for journal references of 9 years. Other highlights of the bibliographic profile were the use of foreign language references (median 61%), and low reliance on open web documents (median 2%). A cluster analysis of the bibliometric indexes resulted  in a typology of 2 main profiles, almost evenly distributed, one of them with the makeup of a natural science bibliographic profile and the second within the style of the humanities. In general, the number of references, proportion of papers, and age of the references are close to PhD dissertations and Master theses, setting a rather high standard for undergraduate theses.