Analyse de la compétence juridictionnelle à partir de la première décision de la Cour Africaine des Droits de l’Homme et des Peuples : l’affaire Hissène Habré

Si l’on évoque l’affaire Hissène Habré, il semble que l'itinéraire vers un véritable procès judiciaire est plutôt l’un des plus complexes, sinueux[1] et mal gérés de l’histoire récente. En effet, il s’agit tant de l’ingérence d’intérêts politiques que de l’existence de problèmes juridiques sérieux qui vont depuis l’application des normes pénales jusqu’à remettre en cause la relation[2] entre le droit interne et le droit international dans les domaines pénal et de la protection des droits de l’Homme. En ce sens, la compétence judiciaire et le principe de compétence universelle en matière de crimes les plus graves devraient jouer en faveur de l’efficacité en matière de protection de droits de l’Homme et de lutte contre l’impunité et pourtant, l’affaire Habré démontre que la répression des infractions tels que la torture, les crimes contre l’humanité et les crimes de guerre, chefs qui dès 2000 lui sont imputés sans réussite, se heurte à des obstacles propres à la conception de la compétence du juge. [1] MARTIN (P. M.), « Un différend entre la Belgique et le Sénégal : l'affaire Habré », Recueil Dalloz, 2009, p. 2125. Voir aussi « Le projet de procès d'Hissène Habré au Rwanda soulève des interrogations », http://www.rfi.fr/afrique/5min/20111002-avocate-victimes-hissene-habre-accuse-union-africaine-ralentir-le-dossier (11 octobre 2011) [2] HENZELIN (M), "Droit international pénal et droit pénaux étatiques. Le choc des cultures", Le Droit pénal à l’épreuve de l’internationalisation, M. HENZELIN et R. ROTH (ed), LGDJ/Bruyant, Paris, 2002, p.71

Towards an understanding of “crimes againsthumanity” since Nuremberg

This article makes an historical analysis of the manner in which crimes againsthumanity have acquired an independent status from crimes of war and aggressionever since the concept was first introduced in discussions between the Allies duringthe establishment of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. It describes themanner in which the concept has evolved and been discussed in several internationalbodies, and how it was finally included in the Rome Statute of the International CriminalCourt. The article shows how the Nuremberg trials have a fundamental legaland historical meaning in that they institutionalized individual responsibility for anew category of crimes before an international tribunal. It also shows how after theNuremberg trials, crimes against humanity have been gradually withdrawn fromthe competency of government sovereignty to become a matter for the internationalcommunity of nations.

Bergsmo, Morten (ed.). Thematic prosecution of international sex crimes. Beijing: Torkel Opsahl Academic Epublisher; 2012, 452 p.

Reseña del libro

Reflections about Complicity and its Application in some Socio Economics Crimes

In Colombia, the definitions of crimes are found in the special part of the Criminal Code. They are set out as though the only way of to commit them was by being the author of the punishable conduct there described. Nevertheless, in the general part of the Criminal Code, we find other forms of criminal responsibility for the conduct described in the special part. Complicity is one of those ways. Although complicity is established in the Criminal Code, it does not appear as a criminal definition and, as such it is ignored or, worse, applied incorrectly. For those reasons, this article tries to reflect upon the validity of complicity. Accordingly, this article analyzes: what is complicity, what is the difference between complicity and co-authorship and how would complicity work in some practical cases related to socio-economic crimes, in which it has being overlooked or, has been used incorrectly. The article concludes that complicity is still valid, and that the correct application of complicity materializes the ideal of justice.

A juridical-practical framework for the investigation of crimes against granting of public housing services

The public service enterprises are victims of crimes and felonies which may reduce their capacity to perform their functions. These enterprises expend much money and effort in order to prevent those criminal behaviors. For this reason they ask from the authorities more efficient measures against crime; however, such enterprises may feel that they are not being given sufficient importance and/or remedies in dealing with such crime. The aim paper of this is not to study the problem from de substantive criminal law point of view. Rather, this paper’s goal is to study the Colombia’s Rules of Criminal Procedure, which regulate the investigation of this kind of crime. The article will look particularly at the competency of the relevant authorities at the investigative stages. Finally, it will make some recommendations regarding a proper route towards the investigation of these criminal behaviors.

The role of the International Criminal Court in preventing atrocity crimes through timely intervention

Documento acerca de la Intervención Humanitaria de la Doctrina ex post facto y Instituciones Judiciales a la noción de responsabilidad de protección y Preventiva del papel de la Corte Penal Internacional. Lección inaugural como Presidente en Derecho Penal Internacional y Procedimiento Penal Internacional en la Universidad de Utrecht , emitida el 18 de octubre 2010