280 resultados para philosophy, philosophie, ethics, éthique, economics, économie, compte rendu


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This paper shows how Adam Smith’s concept of moral motivation applies to business ethics and ethical consumption. Moral motivation for Smith is embedded in his moral psychology and his theory of virtue, particularly in terms of socialization and our social interactions and in his view that people always seek approval for their conduct, either though actual or ideal spectators. It follows that right conduct depends on the spectator’s awareness of one’s conduct. Thus concerning business ethics, transparency and accountability are essential, as opposed to anonymity which is detrimental. Applying Smith’s theory of motivation to consumption entails two further points: One, information concerning business conduct without consumers seeking it and acting accordingly will only have a limited effect. Two, people’s concern for the propriety of their action can and should include consumption, such that purchasing behavior becomes a moral issue rather than a mere economic one.

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Dans le domaine de la gestion durable des ressources naturelles, l’approche participative est apparue depuis une vingtaine d’années comme une voie alternative de gestion entre l’Etat et le marché. L’efficacité de cette approche dépend cependant de l’implication de toutes les parties prenantes, notamment des populations locales. Quels sont les déterminants de cette implication ? Quelles en sont les modalités ? L’analyse des systèmes de production agrosylvicoles en Côte d’Ivoire a permis de mettre en évidence l’importance des variables de capabilités, comme le revenu et le capital social. La perspective de soutenabilité sociale implique une contextualisation qui permet de prendre en compte les effets de seuil susceptibles de caractériser un processus de résilience ou non. Les variables de capabilités peuvent dès lors servir de leviers d’implication des populations locales dans la mise en oeuvre des projets forestiers participatifs.

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This paper offers an institutional approach to the problems raised by Mafia infiltration of legitimate businesses. It contributes to an economic theory that reconnects economics, law and ethics. It demonstrates that the efficiency criterion alone is not sufficient to correctly analyze the nature and consequences of Mafia infiltration on economies and societies. On the contrary, the reintroduction of ethics enables a better understanding of the phenomenon to the point that law – driven by ethical and not only efficiency considerations – is a necessary tool for those wanting to fight against the destruction of legal economies by Mafiosi.

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