De ae��re (1748)

Invokaatio: D.A.

Entry Modes of Finnish Food Enterprises in Chinese Market

China���s phenomenal economic growth and social development have brought along interesting opportunities for Finnish companies. One intriguing sector offering significant growth potential is the food industry. Due to the local food safety issues, rising disposable income level and changing consumer habits, the demand for foreign food is increasing. Finnish food companies have much to offer in terms of high quality, food safety in production, technological development and innovation. The purpose of this study is to examine how the Finnish food enterprises choose their entry modes in the Chinese market. This study increases understanding of entry modes the Finnish companies can use to successfully enter the unpredictable market of China in the food industry context. The study examines the industry specific challenges and the possible solutions to them. Qualitative research is selected as research methodology for this study because the intention is to understand the reasons behind the Finnish food enterprises��� entry mode choices in the Chinese market. The study is conducted as a qualitative case analysis. Six Finnish case companies operating in the food industry were interviewed. The results of the research indicate that most of the food industry companies use exporting as their entry mode to China; only one case company used an investment mode. This study illustrates the significance of the factors related to company���s background, mode concerns and Chinese market influences in the entry mode choice.

Development of 3D super-resolution tomographic STED microscopy and its application to studies on bone resorption

In this doctoral thesis, a tomographic STED microscopy technique for 3D super-resolution imaging was developed and utilized to observebone remodeling processes. To improve upon existing methods, wehave used a tomographic approach using a commercially available stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscope. A certain region of interest (ROI) was observed at two oblique angles: one at a standard inverted configuration from below (bottom view) and another from the side (side view) via a micro-mirror positioned close to the ROI. The two viewing angles were reconstructed into a final tomogram. The technique, named as tomographic STED microscopy, was able to achieve an axial resolution of approximately 70 nm on microtubule structures in a fixed biological specimen. High resolution imaging of osteoclasts (OCs) that are actively resorbing bone was achieved by creating an optically transparent coating on a microscope coverglass that imitates a fractured bone surface. 2D super-resolution STED microscopy on the bone layer showed approximately 60 nm of lateral resolution on a resorption associated organelle allowing these structures to be imaged with super-resolution microscopy for the first time. The developed tomographic STED microscopy technique was further applied to study resorption mechanisms of OCs cultured on the bone coating. The technique revealed actin cytoskeleton with specific structures, comet-tails, some of which were facing upwards and some others were facing downwards. This, in our opinion, indicated that during bone resorption, an involvement of the actin cytoskeleton in vesicular exocytosis and endocytosis is present. The application of tomographic STED microscopy in bone biology demonstrated that 3D super-resolution techniques can provide new insights into biological 3D nano-structures that are beyond the diffraction-limit when the optical constraints of super-resolution imaging are carefully taken into account.

Entry mode choice of Finnish startups entering Chinese market in tablet industry

Since the implement of opening policy, the overall economy of China has maintained rapid and stable development, which has now makes China become the world's second largest economy. China, it is to become the largest overseas market for many large global enterprises from various industries, this naturally also includes the Tablet PC industry that raised in recent years. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze different internal and external factors that influence the entry mode choices of Finnish SMEs in tablet industry entering Chinese market. The goal is to find out the suitable entry modes for the Finnish tablet or other relevant SMEs entering Chinese market. Qualitative analysis is the main research method in empirical part of this study. The interviews were carried out with the case company and other two Finnish business organizations in China. The result of the study indicated that the internal resource and external business environment affect the entry modes choices much more than other factors for SMES. The exporting mode and sales subsidiary could be a better choice for SMEs entering Chinese market. Furthermore, firms should fully learn the Chinese market combine with its own background before making decisions.

Business process re-engineering -menetelm��t myyntiprosessin tehokkuuden parantamisessa (Case-yritys)

T��m��n Pro Gradu-tutkielman tavoite on tutkia Business Process Re-engineering menetelmi�� myyntiprosessien tehostamisessa. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen viiteke-hys rakentuu myynninjohtamisen, myyntiprosessien ja Business Process Mana-gementin ja Business Process Re-enineeringin ymp��rille. IT-j��rjestelm��t ovat my��s oleellinen osa-alue tutkimuksen kannalta ja niiden osuutta kuvataan niin myyntiprosesseissa kuin Business Process Re-engineering -menetelmien yhtey-dess��. Tutkielmassa perehdyt����n aikaisempaan tutkimusmateriaaliin ja akateemiseen kirjallisuuteen yll��mainituilla osa-alueilla. Tavoitteena on l��yt���� aikaisempia tutki-muksia myyntiprosessien tehostamisesta ja BPR:n roolista n��iss�� tapauksissa. My��s myynninjohtamisen vaikutusta tehokkaaseen myyntiprosessiin tutkitaan, kuten my��s IT-j��rjestelmien erilaisia rooleja tehokkaissa myyntiprosesseissa. Tutkielman empiirinen osio on kvalitatiivinen Case-tutkimus er����ss�� rahoitusalan yrityksess��. Tutkimus tehd����n haastattelemalla myyntihenkil��st���� ja esimiehi��. Lis��ksi analysoidaan yrityksen myyntiprosessiin liittyv���� muuta materiaalia. Case-tutkimuksen tuloksia peilataan aiempaan akateemiseen tutkimukseen ja tuloksista pyrit����n l��yt��m����n ratkaisuja, miten BPR -menetelmill�� voidaan tehostaa yrityksen myyntiprosessia.

Bioimage informatics in STED super-resolution microscopy

Optical microscopy is living its renaissance. The diffraction limit, although still physically true, plays a minor role in the achievable resolution in far-field fluorescence microscopy. Super-resolution techniques enable fluorescence microscopy at nearly molecular resolution. Modern (super-resolution) microscopy methods rely strongly on software. Software tools are needed all the way from data acquisition, data storage, image reconstruction, restoration and alignment, to quantitative image analysis and image visualization. These tools play a key role in all aspects of microscopy today ��� and their importance in the coming years is certainly going to increase, when microscopy little-by-little transitions from single cells into more complex and even living model systems. In this thesis, a series of bioimage informatics software tools are introduced for STED super-resolution microscopy. Tomographic reconstruction software, coupled with a novel image acquisition method STED< is shown to enable axial (3D) super-resolution imaging in a standard 2D-STED microscope. Software tools are introduced for STED super-resolution correlative imaging with transmission electron microscopes or atomic force microscopes. A novel method for automatically ranking image quality within microscope image datasets is introduced, and it is utilized to for example select the best images in a STED microscope image dataset.

Carte re��duite des mers du Nord: pour servir aux vaisseaux du roy

0-meridiaanit: Ferro, Teneriffa, Cap Lezard, London, Paris.