Pulmankijärven rinnelehdon hoitosuunnitelma

Utsjoella Nuorgamin kylässä, Pulmankijärven itärannalla sijaitseva lehto- ja perinnebiotooppialue. Liittyy kiinteästi Sarjan asuinpaikkaan kenttineen. Lehtoalueella on ollut Sarjan yläkentäksi kutsuttu niittyalue, jonka hoito on loppunut 1950- tai 1960-luvulla. Hoidotta jääneenä yläkenttä on kasvanut osittain umpeen. Alueen rehevässä rinnelehdossa ja niittylaikuilla kasvavia uhanalaisia tai muuten huomionarvoisia kasvilajeja ovat ketonoidanlukko, velholehti, valkokämmekkä ja vuoriloikko. Hoidon tavoitteena on turvata sekä alueen perinnebiotooppien että lehtojen säilyminen. Tavoitteena ei ole palauttaa koko yläkenttää entiseen avoimuuteensa, vaan mahdollistaa raivausten ja niiton avulla nykyisten niittylaikkujen säilyminen. Suunnitellut toimenpiteet pinta-aloineen ja kustannusarvioineen löytyvät luvusta 4.4.

Luettelo lihan säännöstelystä 21 päivänä elokuuta 1941 annetun valtioneuvoston päätöksen 9 §:n edellyttämistä keskusliikkeistä (A) ja 10 §:n, sellaisena kuin se on 12 päivänä helmikuuta 1942 annetussa valtioneuvoston päätöksessä, edellyttämistä hankintaliikkeistä (B)

14 x 20 cm

Vaietut historiat ja perinteet : lectio

Lectio praecursoria Helsingin yliopistossa 18.1.2013.

Tunneälykäs myynnin johtaminen: empiirinen tutkimus b2b-myynnin ammattilaisten johtamisesta.

Tutkimuksen kohteena on suomalainen yritysmyynnin johtaminen ja tunneälykkyyden rooli myynnin esimiestyössä. Tarkoituksena oli selvittää, miten tunneälykkäitä b2b-myynnin esimiehet alaistensa mielestä ovat. Kiinnostuksen kohteena olivat myös erilaisten taustamuuttujien (ikä, sukupuoli, koulutus, jne.) merkitys alaisten kokemalle esimiehen tunneälykkyydelle. Tutkimus tehtiin yhteistyössä Suomen Myynnin ja Markkinoinnin ammattilaiset (SMKJ) ry:n kanssa. Tutkimus toteutettiin kvantitatiivisena tutkimuksena ja aineisto kerättiin internetkyselyllä. Vastaajat olivat SMKJ:n jäseniä eri puolelta Suomea eri toimialoilta ja vastauksia saatiin kaikkiaan 176 henkilöltä. Tutkimuslomakkeessa kysyttiin vastaajan näkemystä esimiehen tunneälykkyydestä 18 eri tunneälytaidon osalta Likertin asteikolla. Sen lisäksi kysyttiin erilaisia taustatietoja ja esimerkiksi sitä, miten kauan oli työskennellyt nykyisen esimiehen alaisuudessa ja kuinka kauan oli ollut työelämässä jo aiemmin. Aineisto analysoitiin faktori- ja regressioanalyyseillä. Tunneälytaitojen osalta parhaimpina nousivat esille itseluottamus, palvelualttius ja optimismi. Heikoimpia esimiesten tunneälytaitoja olivat vastaajien mielestä kyky kehittää toisia, ryhmä- ja yhteistyötaito sekä omien tunteiden tiedostaminen. Sukupuolen vaikutus näkyi empaattisuuden kohdalla niin, että naisesimiehet olivat jonkin verran miehiä empaattisempia. Tunneälykkäimpiä esimiehiä olivat 35 – 44 -vuotiaat. Koulutuksen osalta ammattikorkeakoulututkinnon suorittaneet myynnin johtajat olivat tulosten mukaan tunneälykkäimpiä. Suoritetun regressioanalyysin mukaan samalla paikkakunnalla toimiminen ja esimies-alaissuhteen kesto vaikuttivat positiivisesti esimiehen tunneälykkyyden kokemiseen. Tutkimuksessa nousi esille tarve lisätä myynnin esimiesten koulutuksiin kehittämiseen ja valmentamiseen liittyviä osioita. Empatian kokemisen suhteen vastausten hajonta oli suurta. Empatian tasoa pitäisi pystyä harmonisoimaan esimiesten keskuudessa, koska empaattinen johtaminen korreloi positiivisesti yrityksen taloudellisen tuloksen kanssa.

New and Emerging Challenges of the ICT-Mediated Health and Well-Being Services

This monograph dissertation looks into the field of ICT-mediated health and well-being services. Through six chapters that extend the work done in the reviewed and published articles, the dissertation focuses on new and emerging technologies, and to impact of their use on the beneficiary; the individual who eventually derives advantage from the services. As the field is currently going through major changes particularly in the OECD countries, the focus is on shortterm developments in the field and the analysis on the long term developments is cursory by nature. The dissertation includes theoretical and empirical elements. Most of the empirical elements are linked to product development and conceptualization performed in the national MyWellbeing project that ended in 2010. In the project, the emphasis was on conceptualization of a personal aid for the beneficiary that could be used for managing information and services in the field of health and well-being services. This work continued the theme of developing individual-centric solutions for the field; a work that started in the InnoElli Senior program in 2006. The nature of this thesis is foremost a conceptual elaboration based on a literature review, illustrated in empirical work performed in different projects. As a theoretical contribution, this dissertation elaborates the role of a mediator, i.e. an intermediary, and it is used as an overarching theme. The role acts as a ‘lens’ through which a number of technology-related phenomena are looked at, pinned down and addressed to a degree. This includes introduction of solutions, ranging from anthropomorphic artefacts to decision support systems that may change the way individuals experience clinical encounters in the near-future. Due to the complex and multiform nature of the field, it is impractical and effectively impossible to cover all aspects that are related to mediation in a single work. Issues such as legislation, financing and privacy are all of equal importance. Consideration of all these issues is beyond the scope of this dissertation and their investigation is left to other work. It follows from this that the investigation on the role is not intended as inclusive one. The role of the mediator is also used to highlight some of the ethical issues related to personal health information management, and to mediating health and well-being related issues on behalf of another individual, such as an elderly relative or a fellow member of a small unit in the armed forces. The dissertation concludes in a summary about the use and functions of the mediator, describing some potential avenues for implementing such support mechanisms to the changing field of ICT-mediated health and well-being services. The conclusions also describe some of the limitations of this dissertation, including remarks on methodology and content.

Obligatorisk lektyr för medeltids- och reformationsforskare

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

The Effects of the Breast Cancer Mammography Screening Programme in Women aged 40 to 84 years in Turku, Finland (1987-2009)

The objective of this thesis was to evaluate whether a more extensive mammography screening programme (TurkuMSP) conducted by the city of Turku, had an effect on breast cancer (BC) incidence, survival, or mortality in years 1987 to 2009. Despite the fact that some studies have suggested a 20 percent reduction in BC mortality due to mammography screening, there are findings of harm to subjects, which are claimed to negate the benefits of screening. Thus, the aims of this study are most pertinent. A total of 176 908 screening examinations were performed in 36 000 women aged 40−74 during the years 1987−1997. In all, 685 primary BCs were found in the screened women, either screen-detected (n=531) or during screening intervals (n=154). Survival and BC recurrence rate of women with screen-detected BC was compared to 184 women with clinical BCs detected among individuals who did not take part in the screening. The invitation interval, which may influence the outcome, was studied in the age group 40 to 49 by inviting those born in even calendar years annually for mammography screening and those born in odd years, triennially. In addition, BC incidence and mortality in the total female population of Turku aged 40 to 84 years was compared with the respective figures of Helsinki and the rest of Finland, both during the pre-screening era (1976-1986) and the screening era (1987-2009). The study was designed to compare women by age groups, because women aged 50 to 59 were generally screened in all of Finland, whereas only in Turku women aged 40 to 49 and 60 to 74 were screened in addition. Data regarding cancer recurrence were derived from the Finnish Cancer Registry and data on deaths were collected from Statistics Finland. In survival analyses, screened women with invasive BC had a significantly higher survival rate than the women with clinical BC. The survival benefit started to appear already during the first follow-up years and was evident in all age groups. A marginal survival extension was also seen in screened women when BC had spread to ipsilateral axillary nodes already at diagnosis. Recurrence-free survival rate after BC treatment was significantly more favorable among the screened women compared with women with BC found clinically. The screening invitation interval did not significantly influence BC mortality in the subset of women aged 40 to 49 years. There were no consistent differences in the changes of BC incidence between Turku and the comparison areas during the screening era. In Turku, the BC mortality incidence in women aged 55−69 years was significantly lower during the screening era (from 1987 to 1997) compared with the pre-screening era, whereas no such change was found in the city of Helsinki or Tampere. When comparing the changes in incidence-based BC mortality during years 1987 to 2009 in Turku to those of Helsinki and the rest of Finland, there was a suggestion of more than 20 percent lower mortality in Turku among oldest age group (75-84 years) compared with the reference residential areas, but the differences were not consistently significant. Interpretation of the study results should be made with caution because there were no random control groups, and on the other hand, the number of cases in subgroups was fairly low to yield definite conclusions. Also due to the many statistical analyses, some of the findings may be due to chance. The results are, however, suggestive for a decrease of BC mortality in the elderly age groups due to wide mammography screening. This finding needs confirmation in further studies before recommending an expansion of mammography screening to women up to the age of 74 years