Päivystyshoitotyön osaaminen valmistuvien sairaanhoitajaopiskelijoiden arvioimana

Potilaan hoitamisessa korostuvat mm. triagen tekeminen, potilaan voinnin seuranta ja hoitoa koskevien päätösten tekeminen nopeasti potilaan voinnin mukaan sekä potilaan jatkohoidon turvaaminen. Tämä kaksivaiheinen koulutustutkimus kohdistui päivystyshoitotyön osaamiseen. Tutkimuksen ensimmäisessä vaiheessa määriteltiin päivystyshoitotyön osaaminen ja toisessa vaiheessa arvioitiin valmistuvien sairaanhoitajaopiskelijoiden päivystyshoitotyön osaamista ja osaamiseen yhteydessä olevia tekijöitä. Osaamisen arvioinnin suorittivat opiskelijat itse ja vertailuperustana opiskelijoiden päivystyshoitotyön osaamiselle käytettiin ammatissa toimivien sairaanhoitajien päivystyshoitotyön osaamista. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli arvioinnin perusteella määrittää päivystyshoitotyön osaamisen nykytaso ja tehdä tarvittavat ehdotukset päivystyshoitotyön osaamisen kehittämiseen. Tutkimuksen ensimmäisessä vaiheessa (2006–2012) tiedonkeruumenetelminä oli kirjallisuuskatsaus ja asiantuntija-arviointi hyödyntäen delphi-menetelmää. Kirjallisuuskatsauksen perusteella muodostettiin päivystyshoitotyön osaamista kuvaavat pääkategoriat, yläkategoriat ja alakategoriat.Alakategoriat (n=61) annettiin asiantuntijoille (sairaanhoitajat, opettajat, ylihoitajat) arvioitavaksi.Kaksivaiheisen asiantuntija-arvioinnin perusteella muodostui 92 päivystyshoitotyön osaamista kuvaavaa alakategoriaa. Tutkimuksen toisessa vaiheessa (2007–2012) valmistuvien suomalaisten sairaanhoitaja-opiskelijoiden (N=382, n=208, vastausprosentti 55 %) päivystyshoitotyön osaamista arvioitiin tätä tutkimusta varten kehitetyllä mittarilla (Päivystyshoitotyön osaaminen -mittari). Mittari perustui tutkimuksen ensimmäisessä vaiheessa muodostettuun määrittelyyn päivystyshoitotyön osaamisesta. Osaamista mitattiin VAS-janalla (asteikko 0–100) arvon 100 ollessa optimaalinen taso, johon pyrittiin. Sairaanhoitajaopiskelijoiden tavoiteltavaksi osaamisen tasoksi asetettiin 80 olettaen opiskelijoiden osaamisen vielä kehittyvän työkokemuksen myötä. Ammatissa toimivien sairaanhoitajien (N=586, n=280, vastausprosentti 48 %) itsearvioitua osaamista käytettiin vertailuperustana opiskelijoiden osaamiselle. Aineisto analysoitiin tilastollisin menetelmin. Valmistuvien sairaanhoitajaopiskelijoiden itsearvioitu päivystyshoitotyön osaaminen oli alle tavoiteltavan osaamisen tason. Opiskelijoilla oli mielestään eniten eettistä osaamista sekä vuorovaikutus- ja yhteistyöosaamista ja vähiten päätöksenteko-osaamista ja kliinistä osaamista. Myös ammatissa toimivilla sairaanhoitajilla oli mielestään eniten vuorovaikutus- ja yhteistyöosaamista. Vähiten heillä oli ohjausosaamista ja päätöksenteko-osaamista. Sairaanhoitajilla oli tilastollisesti merkitsevästi enemmän päivystyshoitotyön osaamista kuin opiskelijoilla. Opiskelijoiden päivystyshoitotyön osaamista selitti eniten aikaisempi terveysalan tutkinto. Päivystyshoitotyön osaamisen kehittämisehdotukset kohdistuvat ammatillisen peruskoulutuksen ja täydennyskoulutuksen opetuksen sisältöihin ja määrään, opetus- ja opiskelumenetelmiin, osaamisen arviointiin sekä urasuunnitteluun. Jatkotutkimusehdotukset kohdistuvat päivystyshoitotyön osaamisen määrittelyn ja osaamista arvioivan mittarin edelleen kehittämiseen, erilaisten arviointimenetelmien kehittämiseen sekä osaamiseen yhteydessä olevien tekijöiden edelleen tutkimiseen.

Methods of genetic diversity creation and functional display for directed evolution experiments

Protein engineering aims to improve the properties of enzymes and affinity reagents by genetic changes. Typical engineered properties are affinity, specificity, stability, expression, and solubility. Because proteins are complex biomolecules, the effects of specific genetic changes are seldom predictable. Consequently, a popular strategy in protein engineering is to create a library of genetic variants of the target molecule, and render the population in a selection process to sort the variants by the desired property. This technique, called directed evolution, is a central tool for trimming protein-based products used in a wide range of applications from laundry detergents to anti-cancer drugs. New methods are continuously needed to generate larger gene repertoires and compatible selection platforms to shorten the development timeline for new biochemicals. In the first study of this thesis, primer extension mutagenesis was revisited to establish higher quality gene variant libraries in Escherichia coli cells. In the second study, recombination was explored as a method to expand the number of screenable enzyme variants. A selection platform was developed to improve antigen binding fragment (Fab) display on filamentous phages in the third article and, in the fourth study, novel design concepts were tested by two differentially randomized recombinant antibody libraries. Finally, in the last study, the performance of the same antibody repertoire was compared in phage display selections as a genetic fusion to different phage capsid proteins and in different antibody formats, Fab vs. single chain variable fragment (ScFv), in order to find out the most suitable display platform for the library at hand. As a result of the studies, a novel gene library construction method, termed selective rolling circle amplification (sRCA), was developed. The method increases mutagenesis frequency close to 100% in the final library and the number of transformants over 100-fold compared to traditional primer extension mutagenesis. In the second study, Cre/loxP recombination was found to be an appropriate tool to resolve the DNA concatemer resulting from error-prone RCA (epRCA) mutagenesis into monomeric circular DNA units for higher efficiency transformation into E. coli. Library selections against antigens of various size in the fourth study demonstrated that diversity placed closer to the antigen binding site of antibodies supports generation of antibodies against haptens and peptides, whereas diversity at more peripheral locations is better suited for targeting proteins. The conclusion from a comparison of the display formats was that truncated capsid protein three (p3Δ) of filamentous phage was superior to the full-length p3 and protein nine (p9) in obtaining a high number of uniquely specific clones. Especially for digoxigenin, a difficult hapten target, the antibody repertoire as ScFv-p3Δ provided the clones with the highest affinity for binding. This thesis on the construction, design, and selection of gene variant libraries contributes to the practical know-how in directed evolution and contains useful information for scientists in the field to support their undertakings.

Scalable algorithms for height field illumination

Global illumination algorithms are at the center of realistic image synthesis and account for non-trivial light transport and occlusion within scenes, such as indirect illumination, ambient occlusion, and environment lighting. Their computationally most difficult part is determining light source visibility at each visible scene point. Height fields, on the other hand, constitute an important special case of geometry and are mainly used to describe certain types of objects such as terrains and to map detailed geometry onto object surfaces. The geometry of an entire scene can also be approximated by treating the distance values of its camera projection as a screen-space height field. In order to shadow height fields from environment lights a horizon map is usually used to occlude incident light. We reduce the per-receiver time complexity of generating the horizon map on N N height fields from O(N) of the previous work to O(1) by using an algorithm that incrementally traverses the height field and reuses the information already gathered along the path of traversal. We also propose an accurate method to integrate the incident light within the limits given by the horizon map. Indirect illumination in height fields requires information about which other points are visible to each height field point. We present an algorithm to determine this intervisibility in a time complexity that matches the space complexity of the produced visibility information, which is in contrast to previous methods which scale in the height field size. As a result the amount of computation is reduced by two orders of magnitude in common use cases. Screen-space ambient obscurance methods approximate ambient obscurance from the depth bu er geometry and have been widely adopted by contemporary real-time applications. They work by sampling the screen-space geometry around each receiver point but have been previously limited to near- field effects because sampling a large radius quickly exceeds the render time budget. We present an algorithm that reduces the quadratic per-pixel complexity of previous methods to a linear complexity by line sweeping over the depth bu er and maintaining an internal representation of the processed geometry from which occluders can be efficiently queried. Another algorithm is presented to determine ambient obscurance from the entire depth bu er at each screen pixel. The algorithm scans the depth bu er in a quick pre-pass and locates important features in it, which are then used to evaluate the ambient obscurance integral accurately. We also propose an evaluation of the integral such that results within a few percent of the ray traced screen-space reference are obtained at real-time render times.

Pulsed electric field assisted sol-gel preparation of TiO2 particles and their photocatalytic properties

The objective of this thesis was to study the effect of pulsed electric field on the preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles via sol-gel method. The literature part deals with properties of different TiO2 crystal forms, principles of photocatalysis, sol-gel method and pulsed electric field processing. It was expected that the pulsed electric field would have an influence on crystallite size, specific surface area, polymorphism and photocatalytic activity of produced particles. TiO2 samples were prepared by using different frequencies and treatment times of pulsed electric field. The properties of produced TiO2 particles were examined X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and BET surface area analysis. The photocatalytic activities of produced TiO2 particles were determined by using them as photocatalysts for the degradation of formic acid under UVA-light. The photocatalytic activities of samples produced with sol-gel method were also compared with the commercial TiO2 powder Aeroxide® (Evonic Degussa GmbH). Pulsed electric field did not have an effect on the morphology of particles. Results from XRD and Raman analysis showed that all produced TiO2 samples were pure anatase. However, pulsed electric field did have an effect on crystallite size, specific surface area and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. Generally, the crystallite sizes were smaller, specific surface areas larger and initial formic acid degradation rates higher for samples that were produced by applying the pulsed electric field. The higher photocatalytic activities were attributed to larger surface areas and smaller crystallite sizes. Though, with all of the TiO2 samples produced by the sol-gel method the initial formic acid degradation rates were significantly slower than with the commercial TiO2 powder.

Spatial modeling techniques for mapping and characterization of acid sulfate soils

Acid sulfate (a.s.) soils constitute a major environmental issue. Severe ecological damage results from the considerable amounts of acidity and metals leached by these soils in the recipient watercourses. As even small hot spots may affect large areas of coastal waters, mapping represents a fundamental step in the management and mitigation of a.s. soil environmental risks (i.e. to target strategic areas). Traditional mapping in the field is time-consuming and therefore expensive. Additional more cost-effective techniques have, thus, to be developed in order to narrow down and define in detail the areas of interest. The primary aim of this thesis was to assess different spatial modeling techniques for a.s. soil mapping, and the characterization of soil properties relevant for a.s. soil environmental risk management, using all available data: soil and water samples, as well as datalayers (e.g. geological and geophysical). Different spatial modeling techniques were applied at catchment or regional scale. Two artificial neural networks were assessed on the Sirppujoki River catchment (c. 440 km2) located in southwestern Finland, while fuzzy logic was assessed on several areas along the Finnish coast. Quaternary geology, aerogeophysics and slope data (derived from a digital elevation model) were utilized as evidential datalayers. The methods also required the use of point datasets (i.e. soil profiles corresponding to known a.s. or non-a.s. soil occurrences) for training and/or validation within the modeling processes. Applying these methods, various maps were generated: probability maps for a.s. soil occurrence, as well as predictive maps for different soil properties (sulfur content, organic matter content and critical sulfide depth). The two assessed artificial neural networks (ANNs) demonstrated good classification abilities for a.s. soil probability mapping at catchment scale. Slightly better results were achieved using a Radial Basis Function (RBF) -based ANN than a Radial Basis Functional Link Net (RBFLN) method, narrowing down more accurately the most probable areas for a.s. soil occurrence and defining more properly the least probable areas. The RBF-based ANN also demonstrated promising results for the characterization of different soil properties in the most probable a.s. soil areas at catchment scale. Since a.s. soil areas constitute highly productive lands for agricultural purpose, the combination of a probability map with more specific soil property predictive maps offers a valuable toolset to more precisely target strategic areas for subsequent environmental risk management. Notably, the use of laser scanning (i.e. Light Detection And Ranging, LiDAR) data enabled a more precise definition of a.s. soil probability areas, as well as the soil property modeling classes for sulfur content and the critical sulfide depth. Given suitable training/validation points, ANNs can be trained to yield a more precise modeling of the occurrence of a.s. soils and their properties. By contrast, fuzzy logic represents a simple, fast and objective alternative to carry out preliminary surveys, at catchment or regional scale, in areas offering a limited amount of data. This method enables delimiting and prioritizing the most probable areas for a.s soil occurrence, which can be particularly useful in the field. Being easily transferable from area to area, fuzzy logic modeling can be carried out at regional scale. Mapping at this scale would be extremely time-consuming through manual assessment. The use of spatial modeling techniques enables the creation of valid and comparable maps, which represents an important development within the a.s. soil mapping process. The a.s. soil mapping was also assessed using water chemistry data for 24 different catchments along the Finnish coast (in all, covering c. 21,300 km2) which were mapped with different methods (i.e. conventional mapping, fuzzy logic and an artificial neural network). Two a.s. soil related indicators measured in the river water (sulfate content and sulfate/chloride ratio) were compared to the extent of the most probable areas for a.s. soils in the surveyed catchments. High sulfate contents and sulfate/chloride ratios measured in most of the rivers demonstrated the presence of a.s. soils in the corresponding catchments. The calculated extent of the most probable a.s. soil areas is supported by independent data on water chemistry, suggesting that the a.s. soil probability maps created with different methods are reliable and comparable.

Numerical simulation of two-chamber plasma sources using finite element method

Numerical simulation of plasma sources is very important. Such models allows to vary different plasma parameters with high degree of accuracy. Moreover, they allow to conduct measurements not disturbing system balance.Recently, the scientific and practical interest increased in so-called two-chamber plasma sources. In one of them (small or discharge chamber) an external power source is embedded. In that chamber plasma forms. In another (large or diffusion chamber) plasma exists due to the transport of particles and energy through the boundary between chambers.In this particular work two-chamber plasma sources with argon and oxygen as active mediums were onstructed. This models give interesting results in electric field profiles and, as a consequence, in density profiles of charged particles.

Cost Reduction of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

Electrical machine drives are the most electrical energy-consuming systems worldwide. The largest proportion of drives is found in industrial applications. There are, however many other applications that are also based on the use of electrical machines, because they have a relatively high efficiency, a low noise level, and do not produce local pollution. Electrical machines can be classified into several categories. One of the most commonly used electrical machine types (especially in the industry) is induction motors, also known as asynchronous machines. They have a mature production process and a robust rotor construction. However, in the world pursuing higher energy efficiency with reasonable investments not every application receives the advantage of using this type of motor drives. The main drawback of induction motors is the fact that they need slipcaused and thus loss-generating current in the rotor, and additional stator current for magnetic field production along with the torque-producing current. This can reduce the electric motor drive efficiency, especially in low-speed, low-power applications. Often, when high torque density is required together with low losses, it is desirable to apply permanent magnet technology, because in this case there is no need to use current to produce the basic excitation of the machine. This promotes the effectiveness of copper use in the stator, and further, there is no rotor current in these machines. Again, if permanent magnets with a high remanent flux density are used, the air gap flux density can be higher than in conventional induction motors. These advantages have raised the popularity of PMSMs in some challenging applications, such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), wind turbines, and home appliances. Usually, a correctly designed PMSM has a higher efficiency and consequently lower losses than its induction machine counterparts. Therefore, the use of these electrical machines reduces the energy consumption of the whole system to some extent, which can provide good motivation to apply permanent magnet technology to electrical machines. However, the cost of high performance rare earth permanent magnets in these machines may not be affordable in many industrial applications, because the tight competition between the manufacturers dictates the rules of low-cost and highly robust solutions, where asynchronous machines seem to be more feasible at the moment. Two main electromagnetic components of an electrical machine are the stator and the rotor. In the case of a conventional radial flux PMSM, the stator contains magnetic circuit lamination and stator winding, and the rotor consists of rotor steel (laminated or solid) and permanent magnets. The lamination itself does not significantly influence the total cost of the machine, even though it can considerably increase the construction complexity, as it requires a special assembly arrangement. However, thin metal sheet processing methods are very effective and economically feasible. Therefore, the cost of the machine is mainly affected by the stator winding and the permanent magnets. The work proposed in this doctoral dissertation comprises a description and analysis of two approaches of PMSM cost reduction: one on the rotor side and the other on the stator side. The first approach on the rotor side includes the use of low-cost and abundant ferrite magnets together with a tooth-coil winding topology and an outer rotor construction. The second approach on the stator side exploits the use of a modular stator structure instead of a monolithic one. PMSMs with the proposed structures were thoroughly analysed by finite element method based tools (FEM). It was found out that by implementing the described principles, some favourable characteristics of the machine (mainly concerning the machine size) will inevitable be compromised. However, the main target of the proposed approaches is not to compete with conventional rare earth PMSMs, but to reduce the price at which they can be implemented in industrial applications, keeping their dimensions at the same level or lower than those of a typical electrical machine used in the industry at the moment. The measurement results of the prototypes show that the main performance characteristics of these machines are at an acceptable level. It is shown that with certain specific actions it is possible to achieve a desirable efficiency level of the machine with the proposed cost reduction methods.

Siirtohinnoittelun kehitys ja tulevaisuus vuosien 1994–2014 ammattilehtikirjoitusten perusteella

Pro gradu-tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää, miten siirtohinnoittelun kehitys näkyy ammattikirjoituksissa 20 vuoden aikana sekä mihin suuntaan siirtohinnoittelu on kehittymässä tulevaisuudessa. Mitkä ovat siirtohinnoittelun riskit ja edut tutkimusaineiston perusteella ja minkälaisista näkökulmista siirtohinnoittelusta on 20 vuoden aikana kirjoitettu. Artikkeleista pyritään löytämään, minkälaisia eroja on suomalaisen ja kansainvälisen kirjoittelun väliltä. Tämä on laadullinen tutkimus, jossa käytetään tutkimusmenetelmänä sisällönanalyysia. Tutkimuksessa on sisällönanalyysin mukaisesti luokittelua, teemoittelua sekä vertailua. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu kolmesta lehdestä Verotus, Tilintarkastus-lehti, nykyään Balanssi ja The Accounting Review. Lehdistä on kerätty siirtohinnoittelua käsittelevät artikkelit 20 vuoden ajalta. Tutkimustulosten perusteella näkyy siirtohinnoittelun kehitys sekä kuinka aiheesta on tullut entistä keskeisempi. Siirtohinnoittelu on nyt merkittävässä roolissa kansainvälisessä verotuksessa. Haasteena nähdään markkinaehtoisen hinnan asettaminen oikeaan arvoon. Tärkeänä luokkana nousi siirtohinnoittelun kehittäminen. Myös valtioiden uhka siitä, että siirtohinnoittelun kautta verovaroja siirtyy toisiin valtioihin, oli yksi esiin noussut teema. Johtopäätöksenä voidaan todeta, että siirtohinnoittelu on problemaattinen verotuksen aihe, koska selkeää suoraa siirtohintaa ei aina pystytä antamaan tuotteelle, palvelulle tai rahoitukselle, vaan hinta on veteen piirretty viiva. Siirtohinnoittelua pidetään uhkana valtioiden veropohjan rappeutumiselle, jos sen avulla siirretään varoja alemman verotuksen valtioihin. Konsernit toimivat entistä laajemmin eri valtioissa, joten niiden tavoitteena on suunnitella eri konsernin osien tulosta. Tulevaisuudessa on paljon kehityskohtia ja tarpeita siirtohinnoittelun alueella. Kehitykseen vaikuttavat valtioiden yhteisöveropoliittiset päätökset sekä valtioiden omat lainsäädännöt sekä valtioiden sitoutuminen OECD:n säännöksiin, joiden avulla pyritään yhtenäisiin toimintamalleihin. Jatkossa tutkimusta voisi laajentaa kansainvälisemmäksi sekä vielä syvemmin voisi miettiä myös kehityksen suuntia ja niiden vaikutuksia.

Synthesis of Short Oligonucleotides on a Soluble Support by the Phosphoramidite Method

In the last decades, the chemical synthesis of short oligonucleotides has become an important aspect of study due to the discovery of new functions for nucleic acids such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), aptamers, DNAzymes, microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA). The applications in modern therapies and fundamental medicine on the treatment of different cancer diseases, viral infections and genetic disorders has established the necessity to develop scalable methods for their cheaper and easier industrial manufacture. While small scale solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis is the method of choice in the field, various challenges still remain associated with the production of short DNA and RNA-oligomers in very large quantities. On the other hand, solution phase synthesis of oligonucleotides offers a more predictable scaling-up of the synthesis and is amenable to standard industrial manufacture techniques. In the present thesis, various protocols for the synthesis of short DNA and RNA oligomers have been studied on a peracetylated and methylated β-cyclodextrin, and also on a pentaerythritol-derived support. On using the peracetylated and methylated β-cyclodextrin soluble supports, the coupling cycle was simplified by replacement of the typical 5′-O-(4,4′-dimethoxytrityl) protecting group with an acid-labile acetal-protected 5′-O-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl) group, which upon acid-catalyzed methanolysis released easily removable volatile products. For this reason monomeric building blocks 5′-O-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl) 3′-(2-cyano-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidite) were synthesized. Alternatively, on using the precipitative pentaerythritol support, novel 2´-O-(2-cyanoethyl)-5´-O-(1-methoxy-1-methylethyl) protected phosphoramidite building blocks for RNA synthesis have been prepared and their applicability by the synthesis of a pentamer was demonstrated. Similarly, a method for the preparation of short RNAs from commercially available 5´-O-(4,4´-dimethoxytrityl)-2´-O-(tert-butyldimethyl-silyl)ribonucleoside 3´-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidite) building blocks has been developed

The Role of Structural Imperfections in Sr2FeMoO6 Thin Films

In this work, Sr2FeMoO6 (SFMO) thin films were studied with the main focus on their magnetic and magneto-transport properties. The fabrication process of pulsed laser deposited SFMO films was first optimized. Then the effects of strain, film thickness and substrate were thoroughly investigated. In addition to these external factors, the effect of intrinsic defects on the magnetic properties of SFMO were also clarified. Secondly, the magnetoresistivity mechanims of SFMO films were studied and a semiempirical model of the temperature dependence of resistivity was introduced. The films were grown on single crystal substrates using a ceramic target made with sol-gel method. The structural characterization of the films were carried out with X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy. The magnetic properties were measured with SQUID magnetometer and the magneto-transport properties by magnetometer with a resistivity option. SFMO films with the best combination of structural and magnetic properties were grown in Ar atmosphere at 1050 °C . Their magnetic properties could not be improved by the ex situ post-annealing treatments aside from the treatments in ultra-high vacuum conditions. The optimal film thickness was found to be around 150 nm and only small improvement in the magnetic properties with decreasing strain was observed. Instead, the magnetic properties were observed to be highly dependent on the choice of the substrate due to the lattice mismatch induced defects, which are best avoided by using the SrTiO3 substrate. The large difference in the Curie temperature and the saturation magnetization between the SFMO thin film and polycrystalline bulk samples was connected to the antisite disorder and oxygen vacancies. Thus, the Curie temperature of SFMO thin films could be improved by increasing the amount of oxygen vacancies for example with ultra-high vacuum treatments or improving the B-site ordering by further optimization of the deposition parameters. The magneto-transport properties of SFMO thin films do not follow any conventional models, but the temperature dependence of resistivity was succesfully described with a model of two spin channel system. Also, evidences that the resistivity-temperature behaviour of SFMO thin films is dominated by the structural defects, which reduce the band gap in the majority spin band were found. Moreover, the magnetic field response of the resistivity in SFMO thin films were found to be superposition of different mechanisms that seems to be related to the structural changes in the film.

Solving large sparse linear systems over the field GF(2)

Nowadays problem of solving sparse linear systems over the field GF(2) remain as a challenge. The popular approach is to improve existing methods such as the block Lanczos method (the Montgomery method) and the Wiedemann-Coppersmith method. Both these methods are considered in the thesis in details: there are their modifications and computational estimation for each process. It demonstrates the most complicated parts of these methods and gives the idea how to improve computations in software point of view. The research provides the implementation of accelerated binary matrix operations computer library which helps to make the progress steps in the Montgomery and in the Wiedemann-Coppersmith methods faster.