1231-014 Twelve Mile Lake Watershed Final Report

Twelve Mile Creek Lake is a 660 acre, Significant Publicly Owned Lake with a watershed of 14,820 acres for a ratio of 21:3. The watershed is predominately privately owned agricultural land that originates in Adair County and drains into the lake which serves as the primary source water for the City of Creston, Union County and the seven counties served by the Southern Iowa Rural Water Association. In recent years, frequent algae blooms and recurrent spikes in suspended solid concentrations have been inflating water treatment expenses for the Creston Municipal Utilities (CMU). Declining trends in water quality spurred CMU to enlist the Union Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD) to assist in evaluating watershed conditions for potential upland improvements. Significant gully erosion issues that had been previously underestimated were discovered during this watershed assessment process. Newly acquired LiDAR elevation data readily revealed this concern which was previously obscured from view by the dense tree canopy. A Watershed Development and Planning Assistance Grant Application was approved and funded by the Iowa Department of Ag and Land Stewardship- Division of Soil Conservation. Throughout the planning process, project partners innovatively evaluated and prioritized a number of resource concerns throughout the watershed. The implementation plan presented will thwart these threats which left unaided will continue to diminish the overall health of the system, reduce the appeal of the lake to recreational users, and contribute to higher water treatment costs.

GIS Mapping: Creating Solutions for Rock Creek Lake, 2004

Rock Creek Lake is at risk. The centerpiece of Rock Creek State Park in Jasper County, Rock Creek Lake offers visitors a range of recreational opportunities, including the second busiest campground in Iowa and great fishing. However, many different factors are threatening the lake. Action is being taken to improve the lake for today’s visitors and to preserve the lake for future generations. GIS mapping is helping to make those improvements possible.

Brushy Creek Lake: Improving Our Lake for the Future, 2006

While the quality of water in Brushy Creek Lake is currently adequate, a number of factors in the watershed (the surrounding area that drains into the lake) could put that water quality at risk. Sediment from the large watershed could fill in the lake and affect water clarity. Nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorus, could cause algae blooms and other problems. Without preventative measures, potential manure and chemical spills could harm aquatic life in the lake. Using conservation farming practices and building structures like wetlands will work to maintain and even improve the lake’s water quality. Taking steps now to implement these critical practices will help prevent water quality problems, preserving water quality for future generations.

Restoring Our Pride in Badger Creek Lake, 2006

For years, Badger Creek Lake has been a source of pride for people living and farming nearby. Today, as the quality of water in the lake declines and new residents move to the area, the people of Badger Creek Lake need to maintain and renew that pride by improving their lake.

1102-001 Twelve Mile Lake Final Report

Twelve-Mile Lake is an 800-acre man-made lake in central Union County. The watershed has 13,964 land acres that are used by farmers for row crops and pasture. This lake is used as a water supply source for the City of Creston and the Southern Iowa Rural Water Association. In total approximately 40,000 people are affected by this project. Developed over 20 years ago, the lake and fishery was renovated and restocked and much of the shoreline was riprapped about six years ago. During its history, extensive watershed efforts have been ongoing. However, as farmland for cropland has become more valuable and demand has increased, hilly land once used for dairy farming, grazing, and CRP has been put into row crop production. Consequently, sediment loss has become an increasing issue for farmers, conservation professionals, and the Creston Waterworks Department, which owns the water treatment facility at the lake. In 2011, the Creston Water Board received a WIRB grant to implement a sedimentation structure at the north end of the main channel flowing into the lake. The WIRB funds were used for land acquisition, with the IDNR actually constructing the facility. This report depicts work performed as part of the WIRB project.

07020-007 Hurley Creek Watershed/McKinley Lake Final Report

The Hurley Creek Watershed is a micro-watershed of approximately 2,211 acres (3.5 square miles), which drains into the Platte River southwest of Creston. The watershed is 64% urban and 36% rural. The urban area includes the bulk of the town of Creston (population 7,597) and the rural area is just north of Creston, which includes the origin of Hurley Creek. Hurley Creek Watershed was examined for improvements following a citizens group in 2004 determined a need and desire to make McKinley Lake, a 65-acre city-owned lake, a quality fishery and viable swimming lake, as it once was. As part of a major park improvement project over ten-plus years, the watershed improvement project is undertaken to reduce pollution entering the lake. In 2006, IOWATER volunteers, under guidance of the town’s consultants, sampled the stream in 8 locations throughout the year, a total of 92 samples. The samples, along with visual inspections of the creek, found three major impairments: 1) high E. Coli levels, 2) severe erosion, and 3) storm water management. Using the Watershed Project Planning Protocol, the consultant and a volunteer committee of interested citizens determined that five physical and three administrative actions should be undertaken. The request will help: identify sources of E. Coli and reduce its delivery into the watershed, control animal access, manage storm water, implement stream-bank stabilization, educate the public, and develop miscellaneous small projects on specific properties.

06034-016 Lake Colchester/Middle Creek Watershed Final Report

In-lake management can be a critical need for water quality improvement for impaired recreation lakes. Biomanipulation practices to achieve the proper balance of predatory fish, zooplankton grazing of algae, and native aquatic vegetation can sometimes restore water clarity of turbid, nutrient enriched lakes. Lakewood leaders have a renovation plan for Lake Colchester, involving several common and three innovative practices. Lakewood is prepared to pay for proven practices, but seeks WIRB grant support to test innovations in collaboration with Iowa DNR biologists, and ISU limnologists, serving as advisors and monitors for the entire project.

09011-008 Walnut Creek Final Report

Walnut Creek is a Class B warm water stream located in northern Poweshiek County. The creek is sixteen miles in length with 26,223 acres of watershed area. Walnut Creek is listed on the 2008 impaired waters list as biologically impaired. Based on results of biological monitoring, no specific causes of the impairment have been identified. This watershed is of particular significance to the Poweshiek SWCD and the state of Iowa because water quality protection efforts can be implemented that will address the impairment. The Poweshiek SWCD received a watershed development grant in 2005, to complete a watershed assessment for the Walnut Creek Watershed. The results of the assessments showed an estimated 23,224 tons of sediment are delivered annually to Walnut Creek, and, about 34% of land in the watershed is delivering nearly 66% of the sediment. Therefore, the acres with more than 1 ton/ac/yr sediment delivery have been prioritized. In Jan. 2008, an implementation grant began. The 1st year’s EQIP matching funds were obligated by July 2008. Specific objectives are to: 1) Reduce sediment delivery by 3,205 tons, by installing conservation practices on the sediment delivery areas of more that 1 ton/ac/yr, and, 2) Develop an information and education program for landowners. The District has prioritized the Walnut Creek watershed for 50% EQIP funding to be combined with 25% WSPF funds. This application is for additional practice funds, utilized as 50% cost-share, to be used with 25% WSPF funds, for eligible soil loss projects (>1 ton/ac), when EQIP funds are not available.

Pilot Project for a Hybrid Road-Flooding Forecasting System on Squaw Creek, TR-642

A network of 25 sonic stage sensors were deployed in the Squaw Creek basin upstream from Ames Iowa to determine if the state-of-the-art distributed hydrological model CUENCAS can produce reliable information for all road crossings including those that cross small creeks draining basins as small as 1 sq. mile. A hydraulic model was implemented for the major tributaries of the Squaw Creek where IFC sonic instruments were deployed and it was coupled to CUENCAS to validate the predictions made at small tributaries in the basin. This study demonstrates that the predictions made by the hydrological model at internal locations in the basins are as accurate as the predictions made at the outlet of the basin. Final rating curves based on surveyed cross sections were developed for the 22 IFC-bridge sites that are currently operating, and routine forecast is provided at those locations (see IFIS). Rating curves were developed for 60 additional bridge locations in the basin, however, we do not use those rating curves for routine forecast because the lack of accuracy of LiDAR derived cross sections is not optimal. The results of our work form the basis for two papers that have been submitted for publication to the Journal of Hydrological Engineering. Peer review of our work will gives a strong footing to our ability to expand our results from the pilot Squaw Creek basin to all basins in Iowa.

08023-013 DMACC Lake Final Report

The DMACC Lake Watershed Improvement project will focus on water quality and quantity as well as channel and lake restoration. Roadway, parking lot, and roof drainage from the west and northwest portions of the campus add significant amounts of pollutants and silt to the lake. Severe channel erosion exists along the northern creek channel with exposed cut banks ranging from 2-10 feet in height devoid of vegetation. Heavy lake sedimentation and algae blooms are a result of accumulated sediment being conveyed to the lake. Most sections of the north channel have grades of between 0.5% and 1%. This channel receives large scouring flow velocities. There are no natural riffle or pool systems. There are five areas where these riffle and pool systems may need to be created in order to slow overall channel velocities. This will create a series of rock riffles and a still pool that will mimic the conditions that natural channels tend to create, protecting the channel from undercutting. Multiple practices will need to be implemented to address the pollutant, silt, and channel erosion. Improvements will be specifically tailored to address problems observed within the north channel, on-site drainage from the west and northwest, as well as off-site drainage to the north of the campus and east of Ankeny Blvd (Hwy 69). The result will be improved quality and quantity of site drainage and a channel with a more natural appearance and reduced scour velocities. Sections of the north channel will require grading to establish slopes that can support deep rooted vegetation and to improve maintenance access. Areas with eroded banks will require slope pull back and may also require toe armor protection to stabilize. A constructed wetland will collect and treat runoff from the west on site parking lot, before being discharged into the lake. This project will create educational opportunities to both students and the general public as well as interested parties outside of the local area for how an existing system can be retro fitted for improved watershed quality.

1022-013 Dry Run Creek Watershed Final Report

The Dry Run Creek Watershed received a biological impairment in 2002 after sampling conducted by the Department of Natural Resources revealed a lack in the diversity and abundance of aquatic life along a 2.8 mile reach of stream along the Southwest Branch. Among the primary stressors identified were hydrologic change, increased stormsewer inputs, lack of available habitat, and sedimentation. Goals put forth by the Watershed Management Plan and the preliminary Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) study center around the reduction in storm sewer inputs. The goal set forth by the TMDL is the reduction of connected impervious surface (CIS) to 10% in each of the creek’s subwatersheds as a surrogate for other stressors. Grant funding is being sought for the construction of two bioretention cells and a green roof to treat the first flush of runoff from a new 400 unit student housing structure and connected parking surfaces totaling 5.16 acres. In addition, a monitoring program will continue to be coordinated through a partnership with the Department of Natural Resources IOWATER program and locally led volunteer efforts which will allow us to track the progress of the watershed. Funding for administration, outreach, and assessment will be provided through existing 319 grants. Implementation of these practices will occur in phases over the course of a two year period.

08009-005 Storm Lake Watershed Final Report

Storm Lake, the state's fourth largest natural lake, has been the centerpiece of significant economic development, including a resort, water park, and state marina. While there have been considerable improvements to the lake's water quality through a major on-going lake restoration program and watershed project, the Little Storm Lake area still needs to be addressed. Little Storm Lake is a 190 acre area on the nmihwest side of Storm Lake. The water level in both areas is based on the dam height located on the southeast corner of Storm Lake. Approximately 70% of the water from the watershed flows through Little Storm Lake. Little Storm Lake originally had the ability to remove much of the sediment and nutrients from incoming waters. However, due to degradation, proper wetland function has been compromised. Under normal hydrologic conditions Little Storm Lake has the potential to function as a sediment trap for Storm Lake, but tllis capacity is overwhelmed during high flows. Little Storm Lake is at or near its sediment trapping capacity, which results in higher sediment transport into Storm Lake. Resuspension of sediments due to wind and other in-lake dynamics, such as rough fish, further exacerbate the total turbidity from suspended sediment and results in movement of sediment from Little Storm Lake into Storm Lake. This project includes a fish barrier and water retention structure between Little Storm Lake and Storm Lake and the construction of a pumping station and associated equipment. The project involves periodic dewatering of Little Storm Lake during years of favorable climatological conditions to consolidate the sediments and revegetate the area. Construction of the fish banier would aid restoration efforts by preventing rough fish from destroying the vegetation and would decrease recruitment of rough fish by limiting their spawning area. In the future, if the diminished trapping capacity of Little Storm Lake still results in sediment moving into Storm Lake, a dredging project would be initiated to deepen Little Storm Lake.

07021-008 Sand Creek Watershed Final Report

Sand Creek is the most significant recreational fishery in Delaware County because of its location to Manchester and Lake Delhi. It is a feeder stream for game fish to the main stem of the Maquoketa River which is limited by the dams at Manchester and Lake Delhi. Sand Creek encompasses 16,045 acres and is dominated by row crop agriculture. It is being impacted by sediment, nutrients and E coli bacteria. Sand Creek will be a good example for habitat impaired watershed. The purpose of this project is to decrease the amount of sediment and nutrients reaching Sand Creek and to increase the habitat in Sand Creek to make it a better spawning and growing area for the fish and the food chain for the fish. The objectives of this project are to reduce sediment delivery by 40%, to improve in-stream habitat on 40% of identified critical areas and implement an information/education program. The project will install 3,800 acres of new no-till planting, 6 water and sediment control basins, 4,000 feet of terraces, 20,000 feet of improved or new waterways, 3,200 feet of streambank/ habitat enhancement, 4,500 feet of livestock exclusion fencing and 6 acres of wetlands.

08027-016 Competine Creek Watershed Final Report

Competine Creek is an 8,653 acre subwatershed of Whitebreast Creek which drains directly to Lake Red Rock. The Marion Soil and Water Conservation District has prioritized water quality protection efforts within Competine Creek subwatershed because 1) this watershed has been identified as a significant contributor of sediment, nutrients, and bacteria to Competine Creek and Lake Red Rock, 2) the watershed provides unique outreach opportunities due to its unique rural and urban interface, and 3) by using a targeted approach to address water quality, the likelihood of successfully demonstrating water quality improvements is high due to its manageable size. The specific goals of this proposal to WIRB (Phase I) are to: 1) reduce sediment and nutrient delivery by 1787 tons and 2144 lbs by installing conservation practices on high priority agricultural land; and 2) install urban conservation practices that reduce the volume of peak flow, improve streambank stability, and promote infiltration of stormwater runoff before it enters Competine Creek. The Marion SWCD has assembled a unique group of partners and secured funding from multiple sources to implement this project.

06027-013 Leisure Lake Watershed Final Report

Leisure Lake is approximately a 67 acre water body located in northwest Jackson County with a 2,681 acre drainage area. The watershed including the lake is a tributary to Lytle Creek which drains into the North Fork of the Maquoketa River. Portions of the Lytle Creek and North Fork Maquoketa River are on the 303(d) impaired waterbodies list. The project area includes a community of 370 residential properties and one business that currently has no central wastewater collection and treatment system. The purpose of this project is to construct a wastewater collection and treatment facility to improve water quality in the creek and river. The project will eliminate the non-permitted septic systems and construct a new wastewater system to properly treat wastewater prior to its discharge into the waterways.