9 resultados para LINKING BIOLOGY

em Iowa Publications Online (IPO) - State Library, State of Iowa (Iowa), United States


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The role of rural demand-responsive transit is changing, and with that change is coming an increasing need for technology. As long as rural transit was limited to a type of social service transportation for a specific set of clients who primarily traveled in groups to common meal sites, work centers for the disabled, or clinics in larger communities, a preset calendar augmented by notes on a yellow legal pad was sufficient to develop schedules. Any individual trips were arranged at least 24 to 48 hours ahead of time and were carefully scheduled the night before in half-hour or twenty-minute windows by a dispatcher who knew every lane in the service area. Since it took hours to build the schedule, any last-minute changes could wreak havoc with the plans and raise the stress level in the dispatch office. Nevertheless, given these parameters, a manual scheduling system worked for a small demand-responsive operation.

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The purpose of this review and analysis is to provide a basic understanding of the issues related to worldwide hypoxic zones and the range of economic questions sorely in need of answers. We begin by describing the causes and extent of hypoxic zones worldwide, followed by a review of the evidence concerning ecological effects of the condition and impacts on ecosystem services. We describe what is known about abatement options and cost effective policy design before turning to an analysis of the large, seasonally recurring hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico. We advance the understanding of this major ecological issue by estimating the relationship between pollutants (nutrients) and the areal extent of the hypoxic zone. This “production function” relationship suggests that both instantaneous and legacy contributions of nutrients contribute to annual predictions of the size of the zone, highlighting concerns that ecologists have raised about lags in the recovery of the system and affirms the importance of multiple nutrients as target pollutants. We conclude with a discussion of critical research needs to provide input to policy formation.

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The University of Iowa Department of Biology is devoted to providing students with an education that prepares them for a multitude of careers that depend on a solid understanding of biology. Students will gain valuable experience through our programs.

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The University of Iowa Department of Biology is devoted to providing students with an education that prepares them for a multitude of careers that depend on a solid understanding of biology. Students will gain valuable experience through our programs.

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The University of Iowa Department of Biology is devoted to providing students with an education that prepares them for a multitude of careers that depend on a solid understanding of biology. Students will gain valuable experience through our programs.

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The University of Iowa Department of Biology is devoted to providing students with an education that prepares them for a multitude of careers that depend on a solid understanding of biology. Students will gain valuable experience through our programs.

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The University of Iowa Department of Biology is devoted to providing students with an education that prepares them for a multitude of careers that depend on a solid understanding of biology. Students will gain valuable experience through our programs.

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The University of Iowa Department of Biology is devoted to providing students with an education that prepares them for a multitude of careers that depend on a solid understanding of biology. Students will gain valuable experience through our programs.

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The University of Iowa Department of Biology is devoted to providing students with an education that prepares them for a multitude of careers that depend on a solid understanding of biology. Students will gain valuable experience through our programs.