196 resultados para adolescence, Internet


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Les nombreuses demandes de consultation pour troubles du comportement alimentaire atypiques au sein d'une consultation de santé des adolescents ont incité une réflexion sur cette psychopathologie « nouvelle », ainsi qu'une proposition de prise en charge dans un groupe thérapeutique d'inspiration analytique. La question de la dépendance et de l'auto-renforcement de ces difficultés est aussi abordée, ainsi que l'aménagement nécessaire du cadre thérapeutique tant aux adolescents qu'au symptôme.

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Background: Screening of elevated blood pressure (BP) in children has been advocated to early identify hypertension. However, identification of children with sustained elevated BP is challenging due to the high BP variability. The value of an elevated BP measure during childhood and adolescence for the prediction of future elevated BP is not well described. Objectives: We assessed the positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive value of high BP for sustained elevated BP in cohorts of children of the Seychelles, a rapidly developing island state in the African region. Methods: Serial school-based surveys of weight, height, and BP were conducted yearly between 1998-2006 among all students of the country in four school grades (kindergarten [G0, mean age (SD): 5.5 (0.4) yr], G4 [9.2 (0.4) yr], G7 [12.5 (0.4) yr] and G10 (15.6 (0.5) yr]. We constituted three cohorts of children examined twice at 3-4 years interval: 4,557 children examined at G0 and G4, 6,198 at G4 and G7, and 6,094 at G7 and G10. The same automated BP measurement devices were used throughout the study. BP was measured twice at each exam and averaged. Obesity and elevated BP were defined using the CDC (BMI_95th sex-, and age-specific percentile) and the NHBPEP criteria (BP_95th sex-, age-, and height specific percentile), respectively. Results: Prevalence of obesity was 6.1% at G0, 7.1% at G4, 7.5% at G7, and 6.5% at G10. Prevalence of elevated BP was 10.2% at G0, 9.9% at G4, 7.1% at G7, and 8.7% at G10. Among children with elevated BP at initial exam, the PPV of keeping elevated BP was low but increased with age: 13% between G0 and G4, 19% between G4 and G7, and 27% between G7 and G10. Among obese children with elevated BP, the PPV was higher: 33%, 35% and 39% respectively. Overall, the probability for children with normal BP to remain in that category 3-4 years later (NPV) was 92%, 95%, and 93%, respectively. By comparison, the PPV for children initially obese to remain obese was much higher at 71%, 71%, and 62% (G7-G10), respectively. The NPV (i.e. the probability of remaining at normal weight) was 94%, 96%, and 98%, respectively. Conclusion: During childhood and adolescence, having an elevated BP at one occasion is a weak predictor of sustained elevated BP 3-4 years later. In obese children, it is a better predictor.

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Young people (mostly females) suffering from eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS) are more and more numerous and their difficulties pose serious problems to health care providers as well as the society. These situations correspond to eating disorders which do not totally meet the DSM-IV criteria for either anorexia or bulimia nervosa. The duration of the symptoms, the extent of suffering as well as the impact on daily life should be taken into account to set-up the treatment. The therapeutic approach to these disorders should ideally include both cognitive/dietary and psychodynamic approaches. The Multidisciplinary Unit for Adolescent Health in Lausanne has set-up a group treatment for these patients.

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Little is known about Internet use among adolescents with chronic conditions (CCs). Our results indicate that CC females, but not males, are more likely to be heavy Internet users than their peers. CC youths are also more likely to visit health-related web sites, but less frequently than other sites.

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Selon un rapport du Conseil fédéral publié en novembre 2011, le droit d'auteur actuel serait adapté à l'ère numérique. Un examen critique de cette conclusion montre qu'il n'en est rien. En effet, le droit positif ne peut pas être mis en oeuvre, pour des raisons qui dépassent de loin la problématique de la protection des données ayant fait l'objet de l'arrêt Logistep. D'une part, il est difficile de prouver les atteintes au droit d'auteur sur internet. D'autre part, les sanctions civiles pécuniaires d'infractions au droit d'auteur sont peu adaptées lorsque des oeuvres sont mises en ligne à titre gratuit.

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Recent progress in neuroscience has yielded major findings regarding brain maturation during adolescence. Unlike the body, which reaches adult size and morphology during this period, the adolescent brain is still maturing. The prefrontal cortex appears to be an important locus of maturational change subserving executive functions that may regulate emotional and motivational issues. The recent expansion of the adolescent period has increased the lag between the onset of emotional and motivational changes activated by puberty and the completion of cognitive development-the maturation of self-regulatory capacities and skills that are continuing to develop long after puberty has occurred. This "disconnect" predicts risk for a broad set of behavioral and emotional problems. Adolescence is a critical period for high-level cognitive functions such as socialization that rely on maturation of the prefrontal cortex. Intervention during the period of adolescent brain development provides opportunities and requires an interdisciplinary approach.

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De la naissance à la mort, les existences individuelles suivent des cheminements qui, loin d'être déterminés par la seule volonté ou le hasard, s'inscrivent dans des causalités sociales et psychologiques fortes. Les auteurs, psychologues et sociologues, se fondant sur de vastes enquêtes réalisées en Suisse, aux États-Unis et en Allemagne, apportent un éclairage original sur les «parcours de vie». De l'adolescence au grand âge, cet ouvrage analyse les étapes et les transitions marquant ces trajectoires, en soulignant les défis propres à chacune et les stratégies d'adaptation déployées par les individus. Si ces trajectoires sont marquées par des contraintes biologiques et le contexte historique, elles le sont tout autant par l'horloge sociale qui, tant du point de vue familial que professionnel, rappelle à chacun son heure. De cette combinaison d'influences se dégagent, dans toute leur complexité, les «parcours de vie» caractéristiques du temps présent.

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cette étude présente une méthodologie de détection et d'analyse de sites de vente en ligne de GBL (gamma-butyrolactone, un précurseur du GHB : gamma-hydroxybutyrate). La veille de ces sites nécessite de définir des stratégies de collecte efficientes. Elle implique, de surcroît, la conception de systèmes capables d'accueillir et structurer les données collectées dans une mémoire de travail adaptée pour mettre en évidence des relations entre les sites et ainsi mieux comprendre le marché de distribution. Trente-neuf sites vendant de la GBL ont été détectés. Il a été observé que le marché en ligne de la GBL semble plutôt stable entre 2010 et 2011. De plus, quatre-vingt pourcent des sites sont hébergés aux Pays-Bas où la substance n'est pas prohibée. Six groupes, reliant au total dix-sept sites, ont été identifiés sur la base d'informations directement collectées à partir des sites.