Analisi de compostos orgànics persistents i estudi de la procedència d'hidrocarburs en sediments del mar Mediterrani català

Els sediments del fons marí són molt importants en els ecosistemes aquàtics. Aquests sediments són considerats absorbents naturals, ja que s’hi acumulen moltes substàncies nocives, com ara metalls pesants i contaminants orgànics persistents (COPs). En aquest estudi s’han analitzat mostres de sediments del mar Mediterrani amb la finalitat d’examinar els COPs i la possible procedència d’hidrocarburs derivats del petroli. Les mostres han estat extretes davant de la desembocadura del riu Besòs (se n’ha fet una extracció a 8 km i una altra a 54 km de distància respecte la costa) i davant del municipi català anomenat Vilanova i la Geltrú (se n’ha fet, també, una extracció a 8-10 km i una altra a 30-40 km de distància respecte la costa). D’aquestes mostres, obtingudes per perforació, se n’han analitzat el primer i segon centímetres. S’han quantificat els hidrocarburs aromàtics policíclics (PAHs), els bifenils policlorats (PCBs) i els compostos organoclorats (OCPs) utilitzats antigament com a pesticides. S’ha posat de manifest que en les zones més properes a la costa, les concertacions COPs són més elevades a la regió més meridional, tot i estar davant de la desembocadura del riu Besòs. Segurament això és degut a la influència de la deriva litoral (corrent costaner marí en direcció NE-SW). Finalment, l’índex Phytane/Pristane, l’índex de preferència de carboni o, en anglès Carbon Preference Index (CPI) i la barreja complexa sense resoldre o, en anglès, Unresolved Complex Mixture (UCM) apunten a la conclusió que l’origen dels hidrocarburs analitzats (n-alcans) podria ser petrogènic.

Despliegue desatendido de GNU/Linux

Instal·lació i configuració de Fully Automatic Installation per automatitzar instal·lacions repetitives en els nodes d'un clúster. S'explica com modificar els paquets oficials d'Ubuntu 8.10 per a què els paquets de Fully Automatic Installation puguin servir als nodes del clúster la distribució Ubuntu 8.10 sense problemes.

Genetic studies of the Roma (Gypsies): a review

Background: Data provided by the social sciences as well as genetic research suggest that the 8-10 million Roma (Gypsies) who live in Europe today are best described as a conglomerate of genetically isolated founder populations. The relationship between the traditional social structure observed by the Roma, where the Group is the primary unit, and the boundaries, demographic history and biological relatedness of the diverse founder populations appears complex and has not been addressed by population genetic studies. Results: Recent medical genetic research has identified a number of novel, or previously known but rare conditions, caused by private founder mutations. A summary of the findings, provided in this review, should assist diagnosis and counselling in affected families, and promote future collaborative research. The available incomplete epidemiological data suggest a non-random distribution of disease-causing mutations among Romani groups.Conclusion: Although far from systematic, the published information indicates that medical genetics has an important role to play in improving the health of this underprivileged and forgotten people of Europe. Reported carrier rates for some Mendelian disorders are in the range of 5 -15%, sufficient to justify newborn screening and early treatment, or community-based education and carrier testing programs for disorders where no therapy is currently available. To be most productive, future studies of the epidemiology of single gene disorders should take social organisation and cultural anthropology into consideration, thus allowing the targeting of public health programs and contributing to the understanding of population structure and demographic history of the Roma.

Changes in the enterocyte cytoskeleton in newborn rats exposed to ethanol in utero

BACKGROUND: Cytoskeletal changes after longterm exposure to ethanol have been described in a number of cell types in adult rat and humans. These changes can play a key part in the impairment of nutrient assimilation and postnatal growth retardation after prenatal damage of the intestinal epithelium produced by ethanol intake. AIMS: To determine, in the newborn rat, which cytoskeletal proteins are affected by longterm ethanol exposure in utero and to what extent. ANIMALS: The offspring of two experimental groups of female Wistar rats: ethanol treated group receiving up to 25% (w/v) of ethanol in the drinking fluid and control group receiving water as drinking fluid. METHODS: Single and double electron microscopy immunolocalisation and label density estimation of cytoskeletal proteins on sections of proximal small intestine incubated with monoclonal antibodies against actin, alpha-tubulin, cytokeratin (polypeptides 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 18), and with a polyclonal antibody anti-beta 1,4-galactosyl transferase as trans golgi (TG) or trans golgi network (TGN) marker, or both. SDS-PAGE technique was also performed on cytoskeletal enriched fractions from small intestine. Western blotting analysis was carried out by incubation with the same antibodies used for immunolocalisation. RESULTS: Intestinal epithelium of newborn rats from the ethanol treated group showed an overexpression of cytoskeletal polypeptides ranging from 39 to 54 kDa, affecting actin and some cytokeratins, but not tubulin. Furthermore, a cytokeratin related polypeptide of 28-29 kDa was identified together with an increase in free ubiquitin in the same group. It was noteworthy that actin and cytokeratin were abnormally located in the TG or the TGN, or both. CONCLUSIONS: Longterm exposure to ethanol in utero causes severe dysfunction in the cytoskeleton of the developing intestinal epithelium. Actin and cytokeratins, which are involved in cytoskeleton anchoring to plasma membrane and cell adhesion, are particularly affected, showing overexpression, impaired proteolysis, and mislocalisation.

Changes in the enterocyte cytoskeleton in newborn rats exposed to ethanol in utero

BACKGROUND: Cytoskeletal changes after longterm exposure to ethanol have been described in a number of cell types in adult rat and humans. These changes can play a key part in the impairment of nutrient assimilation and postnatal growth retardation after prenatal damage of the intestinal epithelium produced by ethanol intake. AIMS: To determine, in the newborn rat, which cytoskeletal proteins are affected by longterm ethanol exposure in utero and to what extent. ANIMALS: The offspring of two experimental groups of female Wistar rats: ethanol treated group receiving up to 25% (w/v) of ethanol in the drinking fluid and control group receiving water as drinking fluid. METHODS: Single and double electron microscopy immunolocalisation and label density estimation of cytoskeletal proteins on sections of proximal small intestine incubated with monoclonal antibodies against actin, alpha-tubulin, cytokeratin (polypeptides 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 18), and with a polyclonal antibody anti-beta 1,4-galactosyl transferase as trans golgi (TG) or trans golgi network (TGN) marker, or both. SDS-PAGE technique was also performed on cytoskeletal enriched fractions from small intestine. Western blotting analysis was carried out by incubation with the same antibodies used for immunolocalisation. RESULTS: Intestinal epithelium of newborn rats from the ethanol treated group showed an overexpression of cytoskeletal polypeptides ranging from 39 to 54 kDa, affecting actin and some cytokeratins, but not tubulin. Furthermore, a cytokeratin related polypeptide of 28-29 kDa was identified together with an increase in free ubiquitin in the same group. It was noteworthy that actin and cytokeratin were abnormally located in the TG or the TGN, or both. CONCLUSIONS: Longterm exposure to ethanol in utero causes severe dysfunction in the cytoskeleton of the developing intestinal epithelium. Actin and cytokeratins, which are involved in cytoskeleton anchoring to plasma membrane and cell adhesion, are particularly affected, showing overexpression, impaired proteolysis, and mislocalisation.

A Neanderthal Lower Incisor from Cova del Gegant (Sitges, Barcelona, Spain)

Cova del Gegant is located near the city of Sitges (Barcelona, Spain). The cave is a small karst system which contains Upper Pleistocene archaeological and paleontological material (DauRa et al., 2005). The site was first excavated in 1954 and then in 1972 and 1974- (Viñas, 1972; Viñas & Villalta, 1975) and in 1985 and 1989 (maRtínez et al., 1985; moRa, 1988; maRtínez et al., 1990). Finally, in 2007, Grup de Recerca del Quaternari has restarted the archaeological research at Cova del Gegant (DauRa, 2008; DauRa et al., 2010). A human mandible was recovered during the first field season in 1954 and was recently published by DauRa et al. (2005). In the present study, we describe a new human tooth (left I2) that appeared, like the mandible, in a revision of the faunal material recovered from the site in 1974-1975. The specimen preserves the entire crown and the cervical two thirds of the root (Figure 1). The lack of the root apex makes it difficult to determine if the tooth was fully developed at the time of death. However, CT analysis reveals a pulp cavity that could be still open, suggesting root formation was incomplete. The specimen shows only slight dental wear corresponding to stage 2 of Molnar (1971 en Hillson, 1996). Morphologically, the crown shows slight shovelling and a lingual tubercle and appears similar to Neandertal incisors. Standard crown measurements (buccolingual diameter=7.7 mm; mesiodistal diameter= 7.3 mm) (Figure 2) suggest a fairly large tooth, particularly in the BL dimension, again resembling Neandertals in this regard. Discriminant analysis classified the Gegant incisor as Neandertal with a 99.8% posterior probability (Table 2). Association of this tooth with the previously described mandible is considered unlikely given the different ages at death estimated for each. Thus, there appear to be two individuals preserved in the sediments of the Gegant cave, one adult and one subadult (around 8-10 years old).

Estudi sobre la utilitat d'una intervenció de pacient expert en pacients amb lesions per cremades

Les lesions per cremades comporten conseqüències a nivell físic, psicològic i social. Les intervencions psicosocials per aquests pacients estan valorades de forma positiva però manquen estudis fets a l’Estat Espanyol. Les intervencions de pacient expert estan donant resultats positius en moltes patologies cròniques però no n’existeix cap per aquest tipus de lesions cròniques. L’objectiu d’aquest estudi és comprendre la utilitat d’una intervenció de pacient expert a pacients d’entre 18 i 30 anys que han patit lesions per cremades recentment. Es realitzaran 9 sessions de pacient expert des de la perspectiva bio-psicosocial. El grup focal serà un grup de 8-10 pacients de 18 a 30 anys amb un mínim del 15% de superfície corporal cremada de grau 2n profund o 3r, residents a Barcelona o rodalies. Les dades s’analitzaran per mètode mixt amb enfocament dominant qualitatiu. La recollida de dades s’obtindrà d’entrevistes, testos i anotacions realitzades prèvia a la primera sessió, al finalitzar les 9 sessions i als 6 mesos de la última sessió. Les limitacions de l’estudi són: el risc de pèrdua dels membres del grup focal a causa del retorn a la vida laboral i l’heterogeneïtat del grup en la fase d’acceptació, principis i valors personals que podrien desviar els resultats.

Estructura espacial de un ecotono bosque subalpino-pastos alpinos en los Estanys de la Pera (Pirineos orientales) formado por manchas de árboles

Se describe la estructura y el patrón espacial de un ecotono bosque subalpino-pastos alpinos dominado por Pinus uncinata Ram. (Pirineos Orientales, Cerdanya, Estanys de la Pera). La historia de perturbaciones de la zona sugiere que el patrón espacial del ecotono puede haber sido afectado recientemente por el pastoreo. Se situó una parcela rectangular (30 x 100 m) cruzando el ecotono con su lado mayor paralelo a la pendiente. Para cada individuo de P. uncinata dentro de la parcela se midió: su localización (coordenadas x, y), y diversas variables estructurales (diámetros basal y a 1,3 m de altura, altura, radios de las copas, número de cohortes de acículas, edad estimada -número de internodos del tronco). Los individuos vivos de P. uncinata se clasificaron según su tamaño (adultos, jóvenes, vástagos y plántulas) y forma de crecimiento (krummholz -individuos arbustivos policórmicos-). Se describieron cuantitativamente el tipo de sustrato (roca, materia orgánica, suelo) y la cobertura de herbáceas, arbustos y P. uncinata usando transectos paralelos a la pendiente. La estructura del ecotono se describió mediante: (i) los análisis del patrón de puntos (K de Ripley, casos uni- y bivariante) y (ii) del patrón de superficies (correlogramas omni- y unidireccionales de Moran). El ecotono estudiado mostró una distribución de individuos de P. uncinata en agregados, predominando los vástagos. Los análisis espaciales mostraron la existencia y el tamaño de agregados con valores similares para ciertas variables de los árboles situados dentro del bosque (p. ej. 8-10 m para la edad estimada). La edad estimada de los individuos jóvenes (60 años <) estaba positivamente correlacionada con la altura y el diámetro basal. La regeneración reciente presentó dos máximos (1965-67, 1973-77). Apareció una posible cohorte de individuos más viejos (1941-57). A partir de 1975, la regeneración declinó de forma exponencial. El establecimiento...

Study and modeling of the desintegration kinetics of coated paper

The disintegration of recovered paper is the first operation in the preparation of recycled pulp. It is known that the defibering process follows a first order kinetics from which it is possible to obtain the disintegration kinetic constant (KD) by means of different ways. The disintegration constant can be obtained from the Somerville index results (%lsv and from the dissipated energy per volume unit (Ss). The %slv is related to the quantity of non-defibrated paper, as a measure of the non-disintegrated fiber residual (percentage of flakes), which is expressed in disintegration time units. In this work, disintegration kinetics from recycled coated paper has been evaluated, working at 20 revise rotor speed and for different fiber consistency (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14%). The results showed that the values of experimental disintegration kinetic constant, Ko, through the analysis of Somerville index, as function of time. Increased, the disintegration time was drastically reduced. The calculation of the disintegration kinetic constant (modelled Ko), extracted from the Rayleigh’s dissipation function, showed a good correlation with the experimental values using the evolution of the Somerville index or with the dissipated energy

Study and modeling of the desintegration kinetics of coated paper

The disintegration of recovered paper is the first operation in the preparation of recycled pulp. It is known that the defibering process follows a first order kinetics from which it is possible to obtain the disintegration kinetic constant (KD) by means of different ways. The disintegration constant can be obtained from the Somerville index results (%lsv and from the dissipated energy per volume unit (Ss). The %slv is related to the quantity of non-defibrated paper, as a measure of the non-disintegrated fiber residual (percentage of flakes), which is expressed in disintegration time units. In this work, disintegration kinetics from recycled coated paper has been evaluated, working at 20 revise rotor speed and for different fiber consistency (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14%). The results showed that the values of experimental disintegration kinetic constant, Ko, through the analysis of Somerville index, as function of time. Increased, the disintegration time was drastically reduced. The calculation of the disintegration kinetic constant (modelled Ko), extracted from the Rayleigh’s dissipation function, showed a good correlation with the experimental values using the evolution of the Somerville index or with the dissipated energy

Study and modeling of the desintegration kinetics of coated paper

The disintegration of recovered paper is the first operation in the preparation of recycled pulp. It is known that the defibering process follows a first order kinetics from which it is possible to obtain the disintegration kinetic constant (KD) by means of different ways. The disintegration constant can be obtained from the Somerville index results (%lsv and from the dissipated energy per volume unit (Ss). The %slv is related to the quantity of non-defibrated paper, as a measure of the non-disintegrated fiber residual (percentage of flakes), which is expressed in disintegration time units. In this work, disintegration kinetics from recycled coated paper has been evaluated, working at 20 revise rotor speed and for different fiber consistency (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14%). The results showed that the values of experimental disintegration kinetic constant, Ko, through the analysis of Somerville index, as function of time. Increased, the disintegration time was drastically reduced. The calculation of the disintegration kinetic constant (modelled Ko), extracted from the Rayleigh’s dissipation function, showed a good correlation with the experimental values using the evolution of the Somerville index or with the dissipated energy

Plan de cuidados para el paciente con Parkinson en tratamiento con L-Dopa intraduodenal

En 1817, James Parkinson describió por primera vez la enfermedad de Parkinson, quien la denominó"parálisis agitante" en alusión a los síntomas que provoca. Esta afección tiene una incidencia anual de 8-18 casos por cada 100.000 habitantes y afecta a personas mayores de 60 años, sin distinción sexual. Actualmente, no se dispone de ningún tratamiento médico ni quirúrgico que retrase su progresión. Por ello, el principal objetivo es intentar disminuir los síntomas y conseguir la independencia funcional del paciente. Los pacientes con Parkinson suelen recibir tratamiento a través de atención primaria y sólo recurren al hospital cuando presentan complicaciones de la enfermedad o para iniciar nuevas opciones de tratamiento. Uno de los tratamientos que se está utilizando actualmente es la administración de L-dopa intraduodenal a través de gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea. Esta opción de tratamiento se utiliza como alternativa al tratamiento con L-dopa en comprimidos cuando el paciente, tras una buena respuesta al tratamiento por vía oral (8-10 años), presenta un empeoramiento de la sintomatología que cursa con fluctuaciones motoras, en las que se alternan episodios de buena situación motora con incapacidad grave. En este artículo desarrollamos un plan de cuidados de un paciente con Parkinson en el que se ha decidido iniciar tratamiento con L-dopa intraduodenal. Entendemos que es importante conocer desde una óptica enfermera cuáles son los cuidados especiales que precisan este tipo de pacientes.

Searches for TeX and B + → J/ψ p TeX π + decays

The results of searches for B0(s)→J/ψ pp¯ and B + → J/ψ p p¯ π+ decays are reported. The analysis is based on a data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 of pp collisions, collected with the LHCb detector. An excess with 2.8 σ significance is seen for the decay B0s→J/ψ pp¯ and an upper limit on the branching fraction is set at the 90 % confidence level: B(B0s→J/ψ pp¯) < 4.8 × 10−6, which is the first such limit. No significant signals are seen for B 0 → J/ψ p p¯ and B + → J/ψ p p¯ π + decays, for which the corresponding limits are set: B(B0→J/ψ pp¯) < 5.2 × 10−7, which significantly improves the existing limit; and B(B+→J/ψ pp¯π+) < 5.0 × 10−7, which is the first limit on this branching fraction.

Picnodisóstosis

Lactante varón de seis meses de edad que consulta por retraso de crecimiento manifiesto desde los cuatro meses. Antecedentes familiares. Primera gestación de padres jóvenes no consanguíneos. Antecedentes personales.Embarazo y parto sin incidencias. Apgar 8-10-10. Somatometría neonatal: peso 3200 g, longitud 48 cm, perímetro craneal 34,5 cm. No patología perinatal. Desarrollo psicomotor: sonrisa social a los 20 días. Sostén cefálico al mes de vida....

Study and modeling of the desintegration kinetics of coated paper

The disintegration of recovered paper is the first operation in the preparation of recycled pulp. It is known that the defibering process follows a first order kinetics from which it is possible to obtain the disintegration kinetic constant (KD) by means of different ways. The disintegration constant can be obtained from the Somerville index results (%lsv and from the dissipated energy per volume unit (Ss). The %slv is related to the quantity of non-defibrated paper, as a measure of the non-disintegrated fiber residual (percentage of flakes), which is expressed in disintegration time units. In this work, disintegration kinetics from recycled coated paper has been evaluated, working at 20 revise rotor speed and for different fiber consistency (6, 8, 10, 12 and 14%). The results showed that the values of experimental disintegration kinetic constant, Ko, through the analysis of Somerville index, as function of time. Increased, the disintegration time was drastically reduced. The calculation of the disintegration kinetic constant (modelled Ko), extracted from the Rayleigh’s dissipation function, showed a good correlation with the experimental values using the evolution of the Somerville index or with the dissipated energy