Ling����stica general y teor��as de la complejidad ecol��gica: algunas ideas desde una transdisciplinariedad sugerente

Se exploran las importantes aportaciones que las teor��as hologram��ticas de la nueva f��sica y de la perspectiva de complejidad pueden aportar a una renovaci��n transdisciplinaria e integradora de la Ling����stica general.

Ling����stica general y teor��as de la complejidad ecol��gica: algunas ideas desde una transdisciplinariedad sugerente

Se exploran las importantes aportaciones que las teor��as hologram��ticas de la nueva f��sica y de la perspectiva de complejidad pueden aportar a una renovaci��n transdisciplinaria e integradora de la Ling����stica general.

'No country for old men?' Analyzing older people s attitudes toward mobile communication

Mobile technology plays an increasing role in interpersonal communication,representing a useful resource for different age cohorts. While the usage ofmobile communication by younger people has received a wide attention fromcommunication scholars, its usage by older people is less explored. Thegoal of our research project is to analyse the usage of mobile phones by theelderly in Italy. We conducted 51 semi-structured interviews in Rome and in amid-range town located in Umbria, between October 2013 and February 2014.Our study explores older users�� motivations and usage practices, their perceptions of mobile phones, theiradoption and domestication of mobile phones, their usage skills. More specifically,our analysis focuses on: - personal characteristics - personal networks (personalnetwork composition, self-perceived social life, communication channels) -adoption of mobile telephone - consumption patterns of mobile devices - usedmobile services - location and mobility of mobile telephone - current mobilecharacteristics - attitude and opinions towards mobile technology Our preliminaryresults show major differences in users�� behaviours and perceptions, that canbe related to age cohorts (younger olds vs older olds); socio-cultural levels;vital trajectories (in terms of professional and familiar status); and gender.

Pensamiento geogr��fico versus teor��a de la comunicaci��n. Hacia un modelo de an��lisis comunicativo del paisaje

El estudio de las implicaciones comunicativas presentes en el paisaje abre un amplio abanico de posibilidades para el tratamiento de la dualidad entre comunicaci��n y paisaje. Aspectos como los efectos que el paisaje genera en los procesos de comunicaci��n humana (comunicaci��n intrapersonal e interpersonal), el seguimiento de los procesos comunicativos mediante los cuales se mercadea con el paisaje (comunicaci��n de masas), la construcci��n de imaginarios individuales y colectivos a partir de la interacci��n entre ciudadan��a y paisaje y, m��s recientemente, la construcci��n de identidades territoriales a partir de la elaboraci��n de una imagen de marca de ciudad o de pa��s ���l��ase promoci��n tur��stica, citymarketing y/o branding��� tienen, todos ellos, unas enormes implicaciones en las sociedades contempor��neas. Es por todo ello por lo que se hace imprescindible avanzar hacia un modelo de an��lisis comunicativo del paisaje, objetivo posible interrelacionando la geograf��a y los estudios de comunicaci��n, dos disciplinas aparentemente alejadas una de la otra en cuanto a sus or��genes y su praxis y, sin embargo, muy cercanas en lo que respecta a la evoluci��n reciente de sus paradigmas y en lo referente al tratamiento de determinados conceptos, como los de espacio y paisaje.

Elders and the ITCs use to communicate with children and grandchildren

Past research in using ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies) in interpersonal communication showed that age plays an important role. There is a general assumption that the elderly are left behind regarding the adoption and the use of ICTs. Furthermore, elders tend to use ICTs mainly for instrumental purposes and the use is rather non-sophisticated. When elders are using ICTs to maintain their social network, similar patterns could be found: They start using internet, or intensify its use, when their children move abroad while they might decrease using the tool if the motivation ends. In this research we explore elders' incentives to go online and use internet services to communicate; the type of agencies they use to communicate with children and grandchildren abroad; and the situations that make them stop using the ICTs or even reject internet mediated communications. We base our discussion on the empirical evidence the two authors gathered in different cities and countries: Barcelona, Romania, Toronto, Los Angeles, Montevideo and Lima, through semi-structured interviews and observation, with people aged 60 years old and over. The results show that the ability for using ICT tools in an autonomous way is a better explanation than age. In this, we distinguish between assisted users and autonomous users. We found that oldest seniors and those seniors who are less socially active are more likely to be assisted users than those who are socially or professionally active. For them communication with their children and grandchildren abroad follows no agency or it is mediated by significant others from their local social network, who are able to use ICTs and select specific information to share, in the second step, with the elder. For some younger participants the use of ICTs is rather situational and imposed by their children or grandchildren, who installed the tool in the first place and assisted them in using it. Finally, other elders describe a proficient and independent use of ICTs so they use the devices and services the way they want to.We discuss the implications of the patterns in using ICTs, for elders' social life and their relationships with children and grandchildren. First, we emphasis the fact that those elders rejecting the ICTs or being unskilled in using them to communicate might be left out from their family circle, particularly when children are abroad -they would experience more isolation. Second, we underline the fact that when children and grandchildren are the ones that control the ICTs used by their parents and grandparents, they are controlling also the information flow and this will redefine the power relations between elders and their younger relatives.

Pensamiento geogr��fico versus teor��a de la comunicaci��n. Hacia un modelo de an��lisis comunicativo del paisaje

The study of the communicative implications related to landscapes opens a wide range of possibilities concerning the treatment of the communication and landscape relationship. Issues such as the effects of the landscape on the processes of human communication (intrapersonal and interpersonal communication), the follow-up of the communicative processes by means of which the landscape becomes an object of trade (mass communication), the construction of individual and collective imaginaries arising from the citizenship and landscape exchange and, recently, the construction of territorial identities through the production of a brand image of a city or country (i. e., tourist promotion, city marketing and branding). All of them have important implications in the contemporary societies. For that reason, it appears almost essential to progress towards a communicative landscape model, a target which becomes possible if we interrelate geography and communication studies, two fields apparently unrelated one another concerning their origins and practice, although they are very close if we look at the recent evolution of their paradigms and the approach to certain concepts, such as space and landscape.

An��lisis multisist��mico de la comunicaci��n humana

En aquest article es presenta el m��tode multisist��mic per a l'an��lisi de la comunicaci�� humana. En primer lloc, es fa una revisi�� del concepte comunicaci�� humana multisist��mica que s'ent��n com l'intercanvi de missatges complexos que es transmeten mitjan��ant una modalitat combinat��ria de canals f��sics i som��tics. Aquests missatges s��n codificats i descodificats per sistemes semi��tics semblants, per�� alhora distints, que es coestructuren internament i s'interrelacionen els uns amb els altres amb l'��nic objectiu de comunicar. Aix�� doncs, la comunicaci�� humana multisist��mica no nom��s ��s possible a trav��s del sistema ling����stic que ens caracteritza y diferencia com a esp��cie, sin�� que, a m��s a m��s, hi intervenen altres sistemes semi��tics que es coestructuren internament, s'interrelacionen els uns amb els altres i s��n coexpressius amb el llenguatge verbal. En segon lloc, es descriuen les investigacions m��s rellevants en aquest camp que examinen la correlaci�� que es produeix entre els diferents sistemes semi��tics de la comunicaci�� humana -principalment, llenguatge, parallenguatge i kin��sica-. Per tant, l'an��lisi de la comunicaci�� humana multisist��mica estudia no nom��s la diversitat de sistemes semi��tics que interactuen i s'interrelacionen, sin�� tamb�� els mecanismes que regulen la relaci�� que s'hi estableix. ��s per aix�� que es considera el concepte de 'sistema' fonamentat en la Teoria General de Sistemes, i es justifica la selecci�� del mot 'multisist��mic' com l'alternativa m��s clara i inequ��voca. Finalment, s'exposa el proc��s d'an��lisi multisist��mic, la descripci�� de les fases anal��tiques i els m��todes emprats, aix�� com tamb�� la selecci�� dels instruments d'an��lisi que s'hi fan servir.

Mediation incomplete information bargaining with filtered communication

We analyze a continuous-time bilateral double auction in the presence of two-sided incomplete information and a smallest money unit. A distinguishing feature of our model is that intermediate concessions are not observable by the adversary: they are only communicated to a passive auctioneer. An alternative interpretation is that of mediated bargaining. We show that an equilibrium using only the extreme agreements always exists and display the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of (perfect Bayesian) equilibra which yield intermediate agreements. For the symmetric case with uniform type distribution we numerically calculate the equilibria. We find that the equilibrium which does not use compromise agreements is the least efficient, however, the rest of the equilibria yield the lower social welfare the higher number of compromise agreements are used.

Organisational structure, communication and group ethics

This paper investigates experimentally how organisational decision processes affect the moral motivations of actors inside a firm that must forego profits to reduce harming a third party. In a "vertical" treatment, one insider unilaterally sets the harm-reduction strategy; the other can only accept or quit. In a "horizontal" treatment, the insiders decide by consensus. Our 2-by-2 design also controls for communication effects. In our data, communication makes vertical firms more ethical; voice appears to mitigate "responsibility-alleviation" in that subordinates with voice feel responsible for what their firms do. Vertical firms are then more ethical than the horizontal firms for which our bargaining data reveal a dynamic form of responsibility-alleviation and our chat data indicate a strong "insider-outsider" effect.

Communication, cultural identities and the Olympic Games: the Barcelona���92 experience

This document includes the results of the research undertaken by the author on the media planning and coverage of the Barcelona'92 and its cultural implications.

Olympic cities and communication

Article published in Greek in the special issue "The Olympic Games: the mega sports and media event" of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens journal Communication Issues (2004, no.1), discussing the need for establishing a communication model for city-games relations.

Viol��ncia contra les dones: an��lisi de la situaci�� psicol��gica personal i interpersonal d'un grup de dones maltractades

Aquest projecte ��s la continuaci�� d'un estudi pilot finan��at per l'Institut Catal�� de les Dones (U/01-6). Es va anar incrementant la grand��ria de la mostra -avaluant les caracter��stiques del maltractament, la simptomatologia, la personalitat i la seva percepci�� de la relaci�� de parella-, fins que el 2003 -i gr��cies a l'ajut del Departament de Benestar i Fam��lia-, dins la Fundaci�� Vidal i Barraquer es va crear un servei d'assist��ncia p��blica especialitzat en atendre dones maltractades (UNADOM); lloc on durant el 2006 hem desenvolupat el treball que ara presentem. L'objectiu general d'aquest estudi transversal consistia en analitzar la situaci�� psicosocial d'un grup de dones maltractades que acudien a la UNADOM, afegint com a element noved��s l'avaluaci�� dels estils d'enfrontament que les dones fan servir despr��s de l'experi��ncia abusiva viscuda. Els instruments utilitzats s��n l'MCMI-II (Millon, 1999), la DAS (Spanier, 1976), el COPE (Carver et al., 1989) i una adaptaci�� de l���Entrevista Semiestructurada sobre Maltractament Dom��stic (Echebur��a et al., 1994). Es recull informaci�� d'un total de 50 dones, 17 de les quals han completat la mesura sobre l'enfrontament. Els resultats indiquen que les escales de personalitat que apareixen m��s alterades s��n l'esquizoide, la dependent i l'evitativa, i que aquestes s��n coherents amb les actituds defensives i les estrat��gies d'enfrontament predominants de les dones de la mostra. A nivell cl��nic, i segons l���experi��ncia assistencial, es conclou amb la import��ncia de realitzar entrevistes explorat��ries acurades ja que aix�� facilita la indicaci�� terap��utica m��s adient i la focalitzaci�� de l'ajuda.

A right to a national space of communication? : on Stateless nations, their right to a space of communication of their own

Hem establert les bases metodol��giques i te��riques per investigar la pregunta ���Tenen les nacions sense estat el dret de controlar el seu propi espai de comunicaci��?���. La investigaci�� ajusta el concepte d���espai de comunicaci�� a la teoria pol��tica, cercant els seus l��mits en els drets individuals i, des de la perspectiva del liberalisme 2, aportant la justificaci�� del seu control en quant que plataforma que incideix en la conservaci�� i superviv��ncia d���una cultura nacional. El primer article i fase de la tesi ��s l���adaptaci�� i definici�� del concepte espai de comunicaci��. Fins ara, la recerca ha proposat diferents models d���espai de comunicaci�� entenent si es tracta d���una visi�� emfatitzant la distribuci�� i la producci�� de material marcat amb els s��mbols de la identitat nacional de la societat emissora, o b�� si emfatitza la idea d���un espai de circulaci�� de fluxos comunicatiu ajustat a un territori tradicionalment vinculat a una identitat nacional o naci�� sense estat. Igualment, es distingeix la dimensi�� d���emissi�� ���sortir del territori al m��n- i la de recepci�� ���fluxos informatius rebuts des del m��n al territori, concretament, al ciutad��; el paper d���intervenci�� de les institucions democr��tiques ��s diferent en una dimensi�� o una altra i, per tant, tamb�� s��n diferents els drets afectats i les teories o principis que neguen o justifiquen el control de l���espai de comunicaci��. Tamb�� s���ha indagat en les teories sobre els efectes cognitius dels mitjans de comunicaci�� per relacionar-los amb la construcci�� nacional com a cohesi�� simb��lica i cultural. Si b�� els mitjans no poden fer canviar de pensament immediatament, s�� que poden conformar a llarg termini una percepci�� nacional general. Una comunitat ��s imaginada, donada la dist��ncia f��sica dels seus components, i la comunicaci�� social ��s, juntament amb l���educaci��, el principal factor de construcci�� nacional, avui en dia.

Incomunicabilidad de la Persona y Comunicaci��n interpersonal

Aquest treball de final de carrera tracta del concepte de la persona. Es contempla el concepte de la persona al llarg de la hist��ria i en l���actualitat. Se explica la metaf��sica de la persona des de un pl��nol antropol��gic, sobretot la incomunicabilitat que defineix la persona i el concepte de la dignitat que va lligat a ella. Es demostra la paradoxa del ser personal que ��s alhora incomunicable i interrelacionat amb altres persones pel mitj�� de la comunicaci��, ��s a dir, que posse��x una bipolaritat entre l���autonomia i la depend��ncia. Es conclou que la comunicaci�� ��s el producte de l���amor, de les relacions amistoses, de la fam��lia i de l���educaci��. Finalment, se explicita el cas de la incomunicaci�� que es basa en els conceptes moderns sobre la persona, sobretot des de un pl��nol psicol��gic.