8 resultados para Festphasensynthese, Diamino-D-Galactose-Scaffolds, RNA-Liganden

em Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya (CSUC), Spain


Relevância:

40.00% 40.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Grup de Recerca en Enginyeria de Producte, Procés i Producció de la Universitat de Girona té en les seves instalâ¢lacions una RepRap model Prusa Mendel. Un dels seus àmbits dâinvestigació és el sector mèdic. Una de les aplicacions més innovadores de les tecnologies additives, emmarcada dins del camp mèdic, és la fabricació de scaffolds. En la medicina regenerativa, els scaffolds sâutilitzen com estructures biodegradables implantables que serveixen de base per a la correcte reproducció de teixit a partir de cèlâ¢lules no diferenciades. Lâobjecte del projecte és aconseguir fabricar scaffolds amb la Reprap. Per taldâassolir aquest objectiu final caldran molts passos previs. En el moment que sâinicia elpresent projecte la RepRap té tots els seus components muntats, el cablejat instalâ¢lat i el firmware inicial a la placa. Així, en primer lloc cal obtenir una correcta comunicació entre la màquina i lâordinador a través del qual es podrà accedir a la placa per tal de realizar ajustaments. Una vegada la màquina obeeixi les ordres de moviment en la magnitud i la direcció desitjada serà el moment dâajustar els paràmetres propis de la impressió. Aquests varien en funció de lâextrusor i el material a utilitzar. En aquest punt es passarà a dissenyar i fabricar diferents tipus de scaffolds variant les estratègies i les geometries. Aquests dissenys seran testats mecànicament a compressió. També seran analitzats geomètricament i seân determinarà la porositat. Finalment, a partir de lâanàlisi dels resultats sâintentarà trobar una relació entre les diferents formes geomètriques, les porositats i la resistència

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Els dominis dâactivació (ADs) de les procarboxipeptidases de la subfamília A/B sempre han sorprès ja que representen una quarta part del proenzim. Sâhan realitzat alguns estudis per intentar descobrir-ne alguna possible funció alternativa, però no han estat fructífers. El descobriment de lâelevada velocitat de plegament del domini dâactivació de la procarboxipeptidasa A2 humana, (ADA2h), emperò, va portar a proposar la possibilitat de que realitzessin una funció dâassistència al plegament del domini enzimàtic. Posteriorment, lâanàlisi del plegament dâADA2h a pH baix va revelar la capacitat dâaquest domini per formar fibres amiloides, a més de demostrar que un increment de lâestabilitat proteica podia prevenir la formació dâaquests agregats. La profunda caracterització del plegament dâADA2h va fer que aquesta proteïna fos un bon model amiloidogènic, de manera que es van proposar un seguit dâexperiments que sâhan desenvolupat en el present treball per tal de conèixer millor aquest procés. Sâhan dut a terme estudis cinètics dâagregació per tal de valorar la contribució dels diferents aminoàcids de la seqüència polipeptídica, utilitzant 29 variants puntuals dâADA2h. Es va eliminar la contribució de lâestabilitat mitjançant la utilització dâurea, i per dicroïsme circular conjuntament amb un aparell de flux detingut, es van obtenir dues velocitats diferents, v1 i v2, que corresponen a la formació dâun intermediari i a la seva reorganització, respectivament. Experiments complementaris utilitzant espectroscòpia dâinfraroig (IR) revelaren la reorganització de lâestat natiu (en aquest cas) per a donar la forma agregada. Les cinètiques dâIR van mostrar que ADA2h forma lâestructura _ típica de les fibres amiloides, previ desplegament les seves hèlixs-_. Finalment, sâhan realitzat estudis de biocomputació per tal dâesbrinar possibles funcions alternatives dels ADs. Les superposicions estructurals semblen mostrar similaritat dels ADs amb dominis de reconeixement dâRNA (RRM). Aquesta hipòtesi sâha comprovat experimentalment amb ADA4h, mostrant una dèbil, però existent, unió a RNA.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Report for the scientific sojourn carried out at the Max Planck Institut of Molecular Phisiology, Germany, from 2006 to 2008.The work carried out during this postdoctoral stage was focused on two different projects. Firstly, identification of D-Ala D-Ala Inhibitors and the development of new synthethic approaches to obtain lipidated peptides and proteins and the use of these lipidated proteins in biological and biophysical studies. In the first project, new D-Ala D-Ala inhibitors were identified by using structural alignments of the ATP binding sites of the bacterial ligase DDl and protein and lipid kinases in complex with ATP analogs. We tested a series of commercially available kinase inhibitors and found LFM-A13 and Tyrphostine derivatives to inhibit DDl enzyme activity. Based on the initial screening results we synthesized a series of malononitrilamide and salicylamide derivatives and were able to confirm the validity of these scaffolds as inhibitors of DDl. From this investigation we gained a better understanding of the structural requirements and limitations necessary for the preparation of ATP competitive DDl inhibitors. The compounds in this study may serve as starting points for the development of bi-substrate inhibitors that incorporate both, an ATP competitive and a substrate competitive moiety. Bisubstrate inhibitors that block the ATP and D-Ala binding sites should exhibit enhanced selectivity and potency profiles by preferentially inhibiting DDl over kinases. In the second project, an optimized synthesis for tha alkylation of cysteins using the thiol ene reaction was establisehd. This new protocol allowed us to obtain large amounts of hexadecylated cysteine that was required for the synthesis of differently lipidated peptides. Afterwards the synthesis of various N-ras peptides bearing different lipid anchors was performed and the peptides were ligated to a truncated N-ras protein. The influence of this differently lipidated N-ras proteins on the partioning and association of N-Ras in model membrane subdomains was studied using Atomic Force Microscopy.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

En aquest treball es pretén obtenir material porós de PDLLA, amb ús potencial com a bastida en enginyeria tissular, mitjançant lâús de freó R-134a com a fluid escumant. Per aquest motiu, sâha realitzat un estudi on es valoren diferents variables com la temperatura de procés, la pressió de treball i lâús de N2 en la despressurització que poden modificar la microestructura final de la bastida.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

In order to search for novel genes involved in cell proliferation, the hypothesis was that by infecting primary cells with a cDNA library of immortal cells would render immortalizing genes. Consequently it has been discovered CIRP (Cold inducible RNA-binding protein). Mammalian cells exposed to mild hypothermia show a general inhibition of protein synthesis and a concomitant increase in the expression of a small number of cold-shock mRNAs and proteins. Rbm3, another RNA binding protein belonging to the same family, has been postulated to facilitate protein synthesis at mild cold shock. To investigate if the same occurs for CIRP, CIRP was overexpressed in primary cells and protein sintesis was measured. Interestingly, CIRP increased protein synthesis, however, such increase did not involve an increase in the polysome fraction or affected the ribosome profile. In addition, the effect caused by CIRP inhibition or knockdown was also analyzed. Different siRNAs against CIRP were tested. Once checked their efficiency by decreasing CIRP at mRNA and protein levels, proliferation was tested by BrdU, cell number (DAPI) and proliferation curves were performed. Interestingly, CIRP provoke a decreased proliferation in primary cells: MEFs, HMEC; and cancer cells: TERA2 and HeLa. In conclusion, we describe for the first time that CIRP bypasses replicative senescence when over-expressed at physiological temperature (37ºC) by increasing a general protein synthesis. This effect is achieved through ERK1/2 activation in MEFs.The decrease in growth rate found in mammalian cells treated with mild cold stress is not entirely attributable to arrested metabolism. This decrease may also involve an active process in which CIRP and other stress-responsive proteins play a fundamental role in stimulating proliferation. Although most cell proteins are down-regulated or inhibited with cold stress, CIRP is activated to maintain cells in an active proliferative status and its overexpression at 37°C might be potentially oncogenic.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

In many species, the introduction of double-stranded RNA induces potent and specific gene silencing, referred to as RNA interference. This phenomenon, which is based on targeted degradation of mRNAs and occurs in almost any eukaryote, from trypanosomes to mice including plants and fungi, has sparked general interest from both applied and fundamental standpoints. RNA interference, which is currently used to investigate gene function in a variety of systems, is linked to natural resistance to viruses and transposon silencing, as if it were a primitive immune system involved in genome surveillance. Here, we review the mechanism of RNA interference in post-transcriptional gene silencing, its function in nature, its value for functional genomic analysis, and the modifications and improvements that may make it more efficient and inheritable. We also discuss the future directions of this versatile technique in both fundamental and applied science.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This article explores how to enrich scaffolding processes among university students using specific Computer Supported Collaborative Learning âCSCL- software. A longitudinal case study was designed, in which eighteen students participated in a twelve-month learning project. During this period the students followed an instructional process, using the CSCL software to support and improve the studentsâ interaction processes, in particular the processes of giving and receiving assistance. Our research analyzed the evolution of the quality of the studentsâ interaction processes and the studentsâ learning results. The effects of the studentsâ participation in the CSCL environment have been described in terms of their development of affective, cognitive and metacognitive learning processes. Our results showed that the specific activities that students performed while working with the CSCL system triggered specific learning processes, which had a positive incidence on their learning results.

Relevância:

30.00% 30.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Els RNA (o ARN, àcids ribonucleics) són biomolècules lineals de cadena senzilla, com un fil, formades per la unió seqüencial d'altres molècules més senzilles, els nucleòtids. Abans de la descoberta del fenòmen de RNAi es creia que el RNA era només un intermediari silenciós de la maquinària genètica, que transportava cegament les instruccions dels gens, en descodificava el missatge i el convertia en proteïnes, procés que es coneix amb el nom de flux d'informació genètica (del gen, que emmagatzema la informació i és format per ADN, a les proteïnes, que fan la feina especificada pel gen) [...].