The participation of women in peace processes: the other tables

This paper argues that women’s absence in peace processes cannot be explained by their alleged lack of experience in dialogue and negotiation, but by a serious lack of will to include them in such important initiatives of change. Women have wide ranging experience in dialogue processes including many war and post-war contexts, but there has been a deliberate lack of effort to integrate them in formal peace processes. After introducing the research framework, the paper addresses women’s involvement in peace, and analyzes the role played by women in peace processes, through the cases of Sri Lanka and Northern Ireland. The paper concludes that peace processes are as gendered as wars, and for that reason gender has to be a guiding line for including women in peace processes.

La participació de les dones en els processos de pau: les altres taules

Aquest text manté que l’absència de les dones en els processos de pau no pot ser justificada al·ludint a la seva suposada manca d’experiència en el diàleg i la negociació, sinó que obeeix a la manca de voluntat per a incloure-les-hi. Les dones tenen una àmplia experiència en processos de diàleg. Han estat capaces de liderar experiències de diàleg en molts contextos de conflicte armat i postbèl·lics, però hi ha hagut una manca d’esforços deliberada per a integrar-les en els processos de pau formals. Després de presentar el marc de la investigació, el text aborda la implicació de les dones en la construcció de la pau i analitza el paper jugat per elles en els processos de pau, especialment en els casos de Sri Lanka i Irlanda del Nord. El text conclou afirmant que com que els processos de pau estan tan imbuïts pel gènere com els conflictes armats, les dones hi han de ser incloses i la perspectiva de gènere ha de guiar-les.

La participación de las mujeres en los procesos de paz: las otras mesas

Este texto sostiene que la ausencia de las mujeres en los procesos de paz no puede ser justificada aludiendo a su supuesta falta de experiencia en el diálogo y la negociación, sino que obedece a la falta de voluntad para incluirlas en ellos. Las mujeres tienen una amplia experiencia en procesos de diálogo. Han sido capaces de liderar experiencias de diálogo en muchos contextos de conflicto armado, así como posbélicos, pero ha habido una falta de esfuerzos deliberada para integrarlas en los procesos de paz formales. Tras exponer el marco de la investigación, el texto aborda la implicación de las mujeres en la construcción de paz y analiza el papel jugado por las mujeres en los procesos de paz, tomando los casos de Sri Lanka e Irlanda del Norte. El texto concluye afirmando que, como los procesos de paz están tan imbuidos por el género como los conflictos armados, las mujeres deben ser incluidas en ellos y la perspectiva de género debe guiarlos.

Mitochondrial DNA damage and animal longevity: insights from comparative studies

Chemical reactions in living cells are under strict enzyme control and conform to a tightly regulated metabolic program. However, uncontrolled and potentially deleterious endogenous reactions occur, even under physiological conditions. Aging, in this chemical context, could be viewed as an entropic process, the result of chemical side reactions that chronically and cumulatively degrade the function of biological systems. Mitochondria are a main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and chemical sidereactions in healthy aerobic tissues and are the only known extranuclear cellular organelles in animal cells that contain their own DNA (mtDNA). ROS can modify mtDNA directly at the sugar-phosphate backbone or at the bases, producing many different oxidatively modified purines and pyrimidines, as well as single and double strand breaks and DNA mutations. In this scenario, natural selection tends to decrease the mitochondrial ROS generation, the oxidative damage to mtDNA, and the mitochondrial mutation rate in long-lived species, in agreement with the mitochondrial oxidative stress theory of aging.

No androcentric perspective in studies of one parent families. Relections and methodological implications

This paper presents a discussion on the process that led us to a progressively developing of a specific methodological approach for research on one parent families. This process has been systematized and built from the contributions of feminist epistemologies to the methodological design and participatory forms of work. From it derives a scientific and technical contribution, internationally unpublisheduntil now: Single Parenthood and family diversity Survey (EMODIF), which we propose as a not androcentric measuring tool of single parenthood, their profiles,experiences, expectations and realities. With this article we want to offer a systematization of the implications that has had our implementation of the feminist perspective in studies of one parent families.