14 resultados para 8-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN

em Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya (CSUC), Spain


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In the last few years, many researchers have studied the presence of common dimensions of temperament in subjects with symptoms of anxiety. The aim of this study is to examine the association between temperamental dimensions (high negative affect and activity level) and anxiety problems in clinicalpreschool children. A total of 38 children, ages 3 to 6 years, from the Infant and Adolescent Mental Health Center of Girona and the Center of Diagnosis and Early Attention of Sabadell and Olot were evaluated by parents and psychologists. Their parents completed several screening scales and, subsequently, clinical child psychopathology professionals carried out diagnostic interviews with children from the sample who presented signs of anxiety. Findings showed that children with high levels of negative affect and low activity level have pronounced symptoms of anxiety. However, children with anxiety disorders do not present different temperament styles from their peers without these pathologies

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En esta investigación se ha estudiado la relación entre dos subsistemas de la memoria de trabajo (buclefonológico y agenda viso-espacial) y el rendimiento en cálculo con una muestra de 94 niños españolesde 7-8 años. Hemos administrado dos pruebas de cálculo diseñadas para este estudio y seis medidassimples de memoria de trabajo (de contenido verbal, numérico y espacial) de la «Batería de Testsde Memoria de Treball» de Pickering, Baqués y Gathercole (1999), y dos pruebas visuales complementarias.Los resultados muestran una correlación importante entre las medidas de contenido verbaly numérico y el rendimiento en cálculo. En cambio, no hemos encontrado ninguna relación con las medidasespaciales. Se concluye, por lo tanto, que en escolares españoles existe una relación importanteentre el bucle fonológico y el rendimiento en tareas de cálculo. En cambio, el rol de la agenda viso-espaciales nulo

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En esta investigación se ha estudiado la relación entre dos subsistemas de la memoria de trabajo (bucle fonológico y agenda viso-espacial) y el rendimiento en cálculo con una muestra de 94 niños españoles de 7-8 años. Hemos administrado dos pruebas de cálculo diseñadas para este estudio y seis medidas simples de memoria de trabajo (de contenido verbal, numérico y espacial) de la «Batería de Tests de Memoria de Treball» de Pickering, Baqués y Gathercole (1999), y dos pruebas visuales complementarias. Los resultados muestran una correlación importante entre las medidas de contenido verbal y numérico y el rendimiento en cálculo. En cambio, no hemos encontrado ninguna relación con las medidas espaciales. Se concluye, por lo tanto, que en escolares españoles existe una relación importante entre el bucle fonológico y el rendimiento en tareas de cálculo. En cambio, el rol de la agenda viso-espacial es nulo.

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Este estudio analiza si es posible entrenar la memoria de trabajo en niños, puesto que tendría importantesaplicaciones en el rendimiento escolar. En la primera fase se administraron nueve pruebas de memoria de trabajoa una muestra de 50 niños de 7-8 años. En la segunda fase la muestra se dividió en dos subgrupos de 25niños: el grupo experimental recibió un programa de entrenamiento, y el resto formaron el grupo control. Alfinalizar se administraron de nuevo las nueve pruebas a todos los niños. Los resultados indican que aunquetodos mejoran su memoria de trabajo, los niños del grupo experimental presentan incrementos estadísticamentesignificativos. Estos resultados permiten concluir que es posible entrenar este sistema de memoria en niños

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El objetivo principal de este estudio es conocer el grado de concordancia entre los informes proporcionados por padres y maestros acerca de la sintomatología negativista desafiante en niños en edad escolar (6-8 años). Además, se pretende analizar si la edad y el sexo del niño afectan el nivel de acuerdo entre informantes. Padres y maestros evaluaron a 702 niños y niñas de 25 escuelas de la Comarca de Osona, Barcelona (España), mediante el Child Sympton Inventory-4 (versión padres y maestros). Los resultados indican una concordancia muy baja, casi nula, entre las valoraciones de ambos informantes; además, las variables edad y sexo de los niños no representan una diferencia significativa en dichas valoraciones. Los padres tienden a evaluar más síntomas del Trastorno Negativista Desafiante como presentes, y a percibir con mayor intensidad su severidad

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El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la comorbilidad entre los factores de ansiedad del SCARED y síntomas depresivos en niños de 8-12 años. 792 niñas y 715 niños completaron el Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorder (SCARED), el Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) y un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos. El 47% de la muestra presentó síntomas ansiosos y el 11,5% presentó síntomas depresivos. La comorbilidad heterotípica fue del 82% en niños con riesgo de depresión y del 20% en niños con riesgo de ansiedad. La comorbilidad homotípica entre los factores de ansiedad fue del 87%. La comorbilidad homotípica y heterotípica fueron elevadas, su detección hará posible prevenir la continuidad de un trastorno de ansiedad y el desarrollo de depresión

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We report about a 37 year old male patient with a pectus excavatum. The patient was in NYHA functional class III. After performed computed tomography the symptoms were thought to be related to the severity of chest deformation. A Ravitch-procedure had been accomplished in a district hospital in 2009. The crack of a metal bar led to a reevaluation 2010, in which surprisingly the presence of an annuloaortic ectasia (root 73 × 74 mm) in direct neighborhood of the formerly implanted metal-bars was diagnosed. Echocardiography revealed a severe aortic valve regurgitation, the left ventricle was massively dilated presenting a reduced ejection fraction of 45%. A marfan syndrome was suspected and the patient underwent a valve sparing aortic root replacement (David procedure) in our institution with an uneventful postoperative course. A review of the literature in combination with discussion of our case suggests the application of stronger recommendations towards preoperative cardiovascular assessment in patients with pectus excavatum.

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Justificación: este trabajo muestra una mirada más profunda acerca de cómo viven los niños y niñasla experiencia de vivir con el Cáncer, enfermedad que representa la primera causa de mortalidadentre los 5-14 años, en Cataluña.El profesional de Enfermería es clave en indagar y reflexionar acerca de la experiencia, y endesarrollar el papel que juega la intervención enfermera denominada Musicoterapia comoherramienta de expresión y comunicación, para descubrir que hay detrás de su realidad.Indagar en este contexto puede contribuir a mejorar la calidad de vida del colectivo infantil inmersoen la patología.Objetivo: conocer cómo viven la experiencia oncológica los niños y niñas, utilizando comoherramienta de trabajo la Musicoterapia en el escenario del Hospital Materno-Infantil Vall d´Hebrónde Barcelona.Diseño: proyecto de Investigación Acción-Participativa (IAP), enmarcado en el paradigma cualitativo.Metodología: se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en bases de datos: Pubmed, CINAHL, Cuiden, Cuidatge,entre otras y diferentes fuentes de información. Los sujetos de estudio fueron 14 niños y niñas entre8 y 12 años de edad ingresados en la planta de Oncología durante al menos 8 semanas. Para larecogida de datos se utilizaron las siguientes estrategias: entrevistas semiestructuradas, notas decampo y grupos de discusión.En cuanto al análisis mencionar que se siguió un riguroso trabajo para asignar unidades de significadoa la información obtenida.Consideraciones finales: Este proyecto ha permitido avanzar hacia el conocimiento enfermero yprofundizar en el cuidado holístico de los niños.

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Ewing sarcoma or primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of bone is the second most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. The median age at diagnosis is 15 years and there is a male predilection of 1.5/1. The authors present the case of a 14-year-old boy with Ewing sarcoma situated on the left ninth rib which was being investigated for respiratory tract infection. Pleurisy is the most common misdiagnosis. Our case illustrates the importance of recognizing exceptional features when interpreting FDG PET or scintigraphy to prevent the misinterpretation of metastases as other etiologies, such as infection.

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The literature on local services has focused on the effects of privatization and, if anything, has compared the effects of private and mixed public-private systems versus public provision. However, alternative forms of provision such as cooperatives, which can be very prevalent in many developing countries, have been completely ignored. In this paper, we investigate the effects of communal water provison (Comités Vecinales and Juntas Administrativas de Servicios de Saneamiento) on child health in Peru. Using detailed survey data at the household- and child-level for the years 2006-2010, we exploit the cross-section variability to assess the differential impact of this form of provision. Despite controlling for a wide range of household and local characteristics, the municipalities served by communal organizations are more likely to have poorer health indicators, what would result in a downward bias on the absolute magnitude of the effect of cooperatives. We rely on an instrumental variable strategy to deal with this potential endogeneity problem, and use the personnel resources and the administrative urban/rural classi fication of the municipalities as instruments for the provision type. The results show a negative and signi cant effect of comunal water provision on diarrhea among under- five year old children. Keywords: water utilities, cooperatives, child health, regulation, Peru. JEL Classi fication Numbers: L33; L50; L95

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There is nothing as amazing and fascinating as children learning process. Between 0 and 6 years old, a child brain develops in a waythat will never be repeated. At this age, children are eager to discover and they have great potential of active and affective life.Because of this, their learning capacity in this period is incalculable. (Jordan-Decarbo y Nelson, 2002; Wild, 1999).Pre-school Education is a unique and special stage, with self identity, which aims are:attending children as a whole,motivate them to learn,give them an affective and stable environment in which they can grow up and get to be balanced and confident people and inwhich they can relate to others, learn, enjoy and be happy.Arts, Music, Visual Arts and Drama (Gardner, 1994) can provide a framework of special, even unique, personal expression.With the aim of introducing qualitative improvements in the education of children and to ensure their emotional wellbeing, and havingnoticed that teachers had important needs and concerns as regards to diversity in their student groups, we developed a programbased on the detection of needs and concerns explained by professionals in education.This program of Grupo edebé, object of our research, is a multicultural, interdisciplinary and globalizing project the aims of which are:developing children's talent and personality,keeping their imagination and creativity and using these as a learning resource,promoting reasoning, favouring expression and communication,providing children with the tools to manage their emotions,and especially, introducing Arts as a procedure to increase learning.We wanted to start the research by studying the impact (Brice, 2003) that this last point had on the learning of five-year-old childrenschooled in multicultural environments.Therefore, the main goal of the research was the assessment of the implementation of a child education programme attending todiversity in a population of five-year-old children, specifically in the practice of procedures based on the use of Arts (music, arts andcrafts and theatre) as a vehicle or procedure for learning contents in Pre-school stage.Because children emotional welfare was a subject of our concern, and bearing in mind that the affective aspects are of vitalimportance for learning and child development (Parke and Gauvain, 2009), Grupo Edebé has also evaluated the starting, evolving andfinal impact in five-year-old children given that they finish Pre-school education at that age.

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Este trabajo se centra en estudiar la adquisición de la morfología verbal en una lengua con un paradigma verbal morfológicamente rico. Se predice que los niños de dos años no mostrarán productividad morfológica ante verbos desconocidos. La muestra se compone de 12 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre los 22 y los 31 meses. El procedimiento, de tipo experimental, se caracteriza por entrenar a los niños con verbos inventados. Los resultados muestran que los sujetos solamente utilizan los nuevos verbos con la forma morfológica con la que se han presentado. También se observa la omisión de determinados constituyentes de la oración. Estos resultados se discuten en relación con la asunción de discontinuidad de las competencias lingüísticas infantiles

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This study aimed to test subjective indicators designed to analyze the role food plays in children’s lives, explore children’s personal well-being, and evaluate the relationship between these two phenomena. It was conducted on 371 children aged 10 to 12 by means of a selfadministered questionnaire. Results showed a marked interest in food on the part of children, who consider taste and health the most important indicators when it comes to eating. They demonstrated a high level of personal well-being, measured using Cummins & Lau’s adapted version of the Personal Well- Being Index–School Children (PWI-SC) (2005), overall life satisfaction (OLS) and satisfaction with various life domains (friends, family, sports, food and body). Regression models were conducted to explain satisfaction with food, taking as independent variables the interest children have in food, the importance they give to different reasons for eating, scores from the PWI-SC, OLS and satisfaction with various life domains. In the final model, it was found that OLS, health indicators, satisfaction with health from the PWI-SC and satisfaction with your body contribute to explaining satisfaction with food. The results obtained suggest that satisfaction with food is a relevant indicator in the exploration of children’s subjective well-being, calling into question the widespread belief that these aspects are of exclusive interest to adults. They also seem to reinforce the importance of including food indicators in any study aimed at exploring the well-being of the 10 to 12 year-old population.

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Most research on the underlying causes of social and communicative impairment in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been devoted to pragmatic aspects of language. The present research is exploring the syntactic knowledge as a probable underlying mechanism of language deficit in ASD. Three groups comprising high-functioning ASD, low-functioning ASD, and typically developing 5-year-old Persian-speaking children were tested on comprehension of passive sentences. Results suggest that while low-functioning children with ASD might be impaired in the area of grammar, high-functioning children with ASD are not. The new results are compared to those of two recent studies on comprehension of passives in Greek-speaking and English-speaking subjects with ASD (Perovic et al., 2007; Terzi, et al., to appear).