Característiques bàsiques de l’organització d’espais, d’ambients i dels tipus de materials que hauria d’estar present en les escoles d’educació infantil (3-6) per garantir pràctiques educatives de qualitat

Amb el present treball es vol aprofundir en la manera que influeix l’organització d’espais, d’ambients i les característiques dels materials en el procés educatiu. A partir d’una recerca teòrica en base les necessitats educatives de la societat actual, les necessitats evolutives dels infants, i en base a l’observació i anàlisi d’escoles reggianes i catalanes referents que tenen en compte com a agent educador l’espai, els ambients i els materials, es volen reunir quines són les característiques bàsiques de l’organització dels espais, ambients i materials per garantir una educació de qualitat a l’etapa infantil (3-6).

Determining shoal membership: A comparison between momentary and trajectory-based methods

Miller and Gerlai proposed two methods for determining shoal membership in Danio rerio, one based on momentary mean inter-individual distances and the other on post hoc analysis of the trajectories of nearest-neighbor distances. We propose a method based on momentary nearest-neighbor distances and compare the three methods using simulation. In general, our method yielded results that were more similar to their second method than their first one, and is computationally simpler.

Convivencia y participación de jóvenes en Sant Boi de Llobregat (Barcelona)

El presente trabajo constituye un proceso de elaboración, aplicación y análisis de resultados de un estudio por encuesta realizado con la juventud del municipio de Sant Boi del Llobregat1 ubicado en la provincia de Barcelona. El objetivo del trabajo inicial fue hacer un diagnóstico del grado de convivencia y participación de la juventud de 14 a 16 años de edad, con la finalidad de poder fundamentar propuestas educativas de mejora en dichas áreas, tan necesarias para el desarrollo de una ciudadanía más activa y comprometida con la realidad. Para el desarrollo de este diagnóstico contamos con un instrumento de recogida de información de carácter cuantitativo: el cuestionario de convivencia y participación. El marco teórico de partida se basa en la idea de que para desarrollar una ciudadanía activa y comprometida con la realidad es necesario que la juventud desarrolle procesos de participación y que se dé una auténtica convivencia basada en la cohesión social. Los actuales cambios sociales y culturales nos brindan el reto y la oportunidad de crear nuevos escenarios de diálogo entre personas y pueblos de diferentes orígenes; y a su vez, también es cierto que los sistemas de relaciones sociales se hacen más complejos ante la diversidad. Entre los resultados destacamos cómo las relaciones de amistad entre los jóvenes vienen condicionadas por su origen étnico cultural, configurando más un clima de coexistencia que de auténtica convivencia intercultural. Al mismo tiempo, comprobamos que para el desarrollo de la participación de este colectivo tanto en el barrio como en el centro educativo, toman una especial importancia las experiencias previas de la juventud en participación; y que la falta de ella, limita la necesaria proyección comunitaria del centro educativo.

Emergent patterns of social organization in captive Cercocebus torquatus: Testing the GrooFiWorld agent-based model

We empirically applied the GrooFiWorld agent-based model (Puga-González et al. 2009) in a group of captive mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus). We analysed several measurements related to aggression and affiliative patterns. The group adopted a combination of despotic and egalitarian behaviours resulting from the behavioural flexibility observed in the Cercopithecinae subfamily. Our study also demonstrates that the GrooFiWorld agent-based model can be extended to other members of the Cercopithecinae subfamily generating parsimonious hypotheses related to the social organization.

La traducció del Càntic dels Càntics de Carles Riba

Carles Riba’s activity as a translator of Greek classics (Xenophon, Plutarch, Homer, Sophocles, Euripides, Aeschylus) and works of important authors who wrote in Latin (Virgil), English (Edgar A. Poe) and German (Rilke, Hölderlin) is well known and has been widely studied. In contrast, the great humanist’s translations of books of the Bible -Song of Songs and the Book of Ruth- from Hebrew to Catalan have never been the subject of a monographic study. This piece of work is an edition and a detailed analysis of his version of the Song of Solomon. The notes in the text point out the translator’s contributions and uncertainties in a work published at a pivotal time in the Catalan language’s history

Agonistic strategies and spatial distribution in captive sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys lunulatus)

The aim of this article is to study the relationship between the dominance hierarchy and the spatial distribution of a group of captive sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys). The analysis of the spatial distribution of individuals in relation to their rank in the dominance hierarchy showed a clear linear hierarchy in which the dominant individual was located in central positions with regard to the rest of the group members. The large open enclosure where the group was living allowed them to adopt a high-risk agonistic strategy in which individuals attacked other individuals whose rank was significantly different from their own. The comparison of the results with a previous study of mangabeys showed that, although the dominance ranks of both groups were similar, the fact that they lived in facilities with different layouts caused different agonistic strategies to emerge and allowed the dominant individual to assume different spatial locations.

Activation of p53 by nutlin-3a induces apoptosis and cellular senescence in human glioblastoma multiforme

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Despite concerted efforts to improve current therapies and develop novel clinical approaches, patient survival remains poor. As such, increasing attention has focused on developing new therapeutic strategies that specifically target the apoptotic pathway in order to improve treatment responses. Recently, nutlins, small-molecule antagonists of MDM2, have been developed to inhibit p53-MDM2 interaction and activate p53 signaling in cancer cells. Glioma cell lines and primary cultured glioblastoma cells were treated with nutlin-3a. Nutlin-3a induced p53-dependent G1- and G2-M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in glioma cell lines with normal TP53 status. In addition, nutlin-arrested glioma cells show morphological features of senescence and persistent induction of p21 protein. Furthermore, senescence induced by nutlin-3a might be depending on mTOR pathway activity. In wild-type TP53 primary cultured cells, exposure to nutlin-3a resulted in variable degrees of apoptosis as well as cellular features of senescence. Nutlin-3a-induced apoptosis and senescence were firmly dependent on the presence of functional p53, as revealed by the fact that glioblastoma cells with knockdown p53 with specific siRNA, or cells with mutated or functionally impaired p53 pathway, were completely insensitive to the drug. Finally, we also found that nutlin-3a increased response of glioma cells to radiation therapy. The results provide a basis for the rational use of MDM2 antagonists as a novel treatment option for glioblastoma patients.

Activation of p53 by nutlin-3a induces apoptosis and cellular senescence in human glioblastoma multiforme

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Despite concerted efforts to improve current therapies and develop novel clinical approaches, patient survival remains poor. As such, increasing attention has focused on developing new therapeutic strategies that specifically target the apoptotic pathway in order to improve treatment responses. Recently, nutlins, small-molecule antagonists of MDM2, have been developed to inhibit p53-MDM2 interaction and activate p53 signaling in cancer cells. Glioma cell lines and primary cultured glioblastoma cells were treated with nutlin-3a. Nutlin-3a induced p53-dependent G1- and G2-M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in glioma cell lines with normal TP53 status. In addition, nutlin-arrested glioma cells show morphological features of senescence and persistent induction of p21 protein. Furthermore, senescence induced by nutlin-3a might be depending on mTOR pathway activity. In wild-type TP53 primary cultured cells, exposure to nutlin-3a resulted in variable degrees of apoptosis as well as cellular features of senescence. Nutlin-3a-induced apoptosis and senescence were firmly dependent on the presence of functional p53, as revealed by the fact that glioblastoma cells with knockdown p53 with specific siRNA, or cells with mutated or functionally impaired p53 pathway, were completely insensitive to the drug. Finally, we also found that nutlin-3a increased response of glioma cells to radiation therapy. The results provide a basis for the rational use of MDM2 antagonists as a novel treatment option for glioblastoma patients.

TP53 induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) knockdown results in radiosensitization of glioma cells

Background and purpose: The TP53 induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) functions to lower fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2) levels in cells, consequently decreasing glycolysis and leading to the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which correlate with a higher resistance to cell death. The decrease in intracellular ROS levels in response to TIGAR may also play a role in the ability of p53 to protect from the accumulation of genomic lesions. Given these good prospects of TIGAR for metabolic regulation and p53-response modulation, we analyzed the effects of TIGAR knockdown in U87MG and T98G glioblastoma-derived cell lines. Methods/results: After TIGAR-knockdown in glioblastoma cell lines, different metabolic parameters were assayed, showing an increase in Fru-2,6-P2, lactate and ROS levels, with a concomitant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. In addition, cell growth was inhibited without evidence of apoptotic or autophagic cell death. In contrast, a clear senescent phenotype was observed. We also found that TIGAR protein levels were increased shortly after irradiation. In addition, avoiding radiotherapy-triggered TIGAR induction by gene silencing resulted in the loss of capacity of glioblastoma cells to form colonies in culture and the delay of DNA repair mechanisms, based in c-H2AX foci, leading cells to undergo morphological changes compatible with a senescent phenotype. Thus, the results obtained raised the possibility to consider TIGAR as a therapeutic target to increase radiotherapy effects. Conclusion: TIGAR abrogation provides a novel adjunctive therapeutic strategy against glial tumors by increasing radiation-induced cell impairment, thus allowing the use of lower radiotherapeutic doses.

Cómo aplicar árboles de decisión en SPSS

Un árbol de decisión es una forma gráfica y analítica de representar todos los eventos (sucesos) que pueden surgir a partir de una decisión asumida en cierto momento. Nos ayudan a tomar la decisión más"acertada", desde un punto de vista probabilístico, ante un abanico de posibles decisiones. Estos árboles permiten examinar los resultados y determinar visualmente cómo fluye el modelo. Los resultados visuales ayudan a buscar subgrupos específicos y relaciones que tal vez no encontraríamos con estadísticos más tradicionales. Los árboles de decisión son una técnica estadística para la segmentación, la estratificación, la predicción, la reducción de datos y el filtrado de variables, la identificación de interacciones, la fusión de categorías y la discretización de variables continuas. La función árboles de decisión (Tree) en SPSS crea árboles de clasificación y de decisión para identificar grupos, descubrir las relaciones entre grupos y predecir eventos futuros. Existen diferentes tipos de árbol: CHAID, CHAID exhaustivo, CRT y QUEST, según el que mejor se ajuste a nuestros datos.

Busco información sobre... : estándares para un servicio de búsqueda de información

El servicio de búsqueda de información tiene como finalidad proporcionar respuesta a las preguntas especializadas formuladas por los usuarios de la biblioteca. Los bibliotecarios temáticos consultas fuentes de información y elaboran una respuesta en función de las necesidades del usuario. La Biblioteca Rector Gabriel Ferraté ha elaborado unos estándares de calidad del servicio basados en: A) el análisis de la evolución de diversos indicadores. B) Los atributos de caliudad del servicio des del punto de vista del usuario. C) El análisis de los procesos que lo conforman.