Práctica educativa y adquisición de la lengua de la escuela

El trabajo que presentamos pretende establecer e implamentar criterios respecto la organización escolar y la práctica educativa para mejorar las competencias básicas del alumnado extranjero que participa en las aulas de Cataluña con una gran diversidad respecto el conocimiento de la lengua de la escuela. En concreto, buscamos profundizar y localizar los factores y elementos relevantes para la organización escolar y la práctica educativa en escuelas plurilingües con estas características

Present and future methodology for the implementation of decision support systems for traffic management

Real-time predictions are an indispensable requirement for traffic management in order to be able to evaluate the effects of different available strategies or policies. The combination of predicting the state of the network and the evaluation of different traffic management strategies in the short term future allows system managers to anticipate the effects of traffic control strategies ahead of time in order to mitigate the effect of congestion. This paper presents the current framework of decision support systems for traffic management based on short and medium-term predictions and includes some reflections on their likely evolution, based on current scientific research and the evolution of the availability of new types of data and their associated methodologies.

Planimetria arqueològica de Tarraco

Aquesta obra és fruit d’un treball de documentació i digitalització de les fonts bibliogràfiques i administratives de les excavacions i troballes arqueològiques dutes a terme a la ciutat de Tarragona des del segle XIX fins al desembre del 2004. La informació arqueològica recollida prové dels treballs que han efectuat 61 arqueòlegs i s’ha comptat amb la col·laboració de les empreses d’arqueologia que treballen a la ciutat i el suport de la Reial Societat Arqueològica Tarraconense. La important activitat arqueològica duta a terme a Tarragona, especialment en les darreres dècades del segle XX, feia necessària una compilació en una planimetria arqueològica dels nombrosos vestigis conservats o documentats. Calia recollir tota la informació per posar-la a l’abast de tots els agents que intervenen en el tractament del patrimoni arqueològic, tant des del camp de la recerca estricta com des del de la gestió arqueològica pròpiament, de l’urbanisme i de la difusió i projecció d’aquest passat.

Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA: an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.

Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA: an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.

Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA: an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.

Efectos de la aplicación de biosólidos en plantaciones de especies leñosas para restauración de canteras de caliza mediterráneas

Los programas de restauración de las canteras de caliza situadas en el macizo del Garraf (sudoeste de la cordillera Litoral catalana) contemplan la plantación de especies leñosas autóctonas como medida para mitigar el impacto visual y para optimizar la restauración ecológica tras la explotación del recurso mineral. Las condiciones ambientales de partida poco favorables (elevadas pendientes y substratos poco fértiles) pueden ser limitantes para la instalación y evolución de leñosas, de forma que la adición de compost puede ser una vía para mejorar su rendimiento. En este trabajo evaluamos el efecto de la aplicación extensiva de compost en plantaciones de cuatro especies de árboles y arbustos de un año de edad en parcelas sembradas con distintas mezclas de herbáceas. Como resultado principal se observó que en las parcelas con compost la supervivencia de Pinus halepensis y Rhamnus alaternus fue menor, aunque el crecimiento de las cuatro especies ensayadas fue superior. Las leñosas presentaron una supervivencia superior en las parcelas sembradas con herbáceas autóctonas, que habían desarrollado menor cobertura, respecto a las siembras con herbáceas comerciales, con mayor cubierta.

Another Look at the Null of Stationary Real Exchange Rates: Panel Data with Structural Breaks and Cross-section Dependence

This paper re-examines the null of stationary of real exchange rate for a panel of seventeen OECD developed countries during the post-Bretton Woods era. Our analysis simultaneously considers both the presence of cross-section dependence and multiple structural breaks that have not received much attention in previous panel methods of long-run PPP. Empirical results indicate that there is little evidence in favor of PPP hypothesis when the analysis does not account for structural breaks. This conclusion is reversed when structural breaks are considered in computation of the panel statistics. We also compute point estimates of half-life separately for idiosyncratic and common factor components and find that it is always below one year.

Panel Data Stochastic Convergence Analysis of the Mexican Regions

The stochastic convergence amongst Mexican Federal entities is analyzed in panel data framework. The joint consideration of cross-section dependence and multiple structural breaks is required to ensure that the statistical inference is based on statistics with good statistical properties. Once these features are accounted for, evidence in favour of stochastic convergence is found. Since stochastic convergence is a necessary, yet insufficient condition for convergence as predicted by economic growth models, the paper also investigates whether-convergence process has taken place. We found that the Mexican states have followed either heterogeneous convergence patterns or divergence process throughout the analyzed period.

The effect on prices of the attributes of holiday hotels: a hedonic prices approach

This article examines the effect on price of different characteristics of holiday hotels in the sun-and-beach segment. The effect on price is estimated under the hedonic function perspective by means of random effect models, known also as mixed or panel models. Some 82,000 prices were gathered between 1991 and 1998 from tour operator catalogues. The study reveals huge price differences between 4-star hotels and the rest, coupled with practically no difference between 1-star and 2-star hotels. Other attributes with a significant effect on price are town, hotel size, distance to the beach and availability of parking place. The results can assist hotel managers in shaping pricing and investment strategies

El modelo de la Atención Centrada en la Persona: Análisis descriptivo de una muestra de personas mayores con demencia en centros residenciales

Este análisis descriptivo tiene el objetivo de evaluar la calidad asistencial de una muestra de personas con demencia institucionalizadas usando el Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) como metodología de observación sistemática y de examinar la presencia de pautas asociadas a la psicología social maligna en las residencias observadas. Participaron en el estudio 73 personas con demencia ingresadas en residencias a largo plazo. Los resultados más relevantes apuntan a la presencia de una cultura de cuidados donde predomina la psicología social maligna y el DCM como un instrumento que permite analizar el comportamiento de las personas con demencia, aportando nuevas variables como el bienestar emocional, la diversidad ocupacional y la calidad de la interacción social. Se concluye que la implementación de un modelo de atención centrado en la persona puede incidir postivamente en el bienestar de las personas con demencia.

Synthetic approaches towards the Lycopodium alkaloids

The Lycopodium alkaloids are a structurally diverse group of natural products isolated from Lycopodium with important biological effects for the potential treatment of cancer and severe neurodegenerative diseases. To date, full biological studies have been hampered by lack of material from natural sources. Total synthesis represents a possible solution to meet this demand as well as the most effective way to design new compounds to determine structural activity relationships and obtain more potent compounds. The aim of this chapter is to summarise the work carried out in this field so far by presenting an overview of the synthetic strategies used to access each of the four key Lycopodium alkaloid types. Particular emphasis has been placed on methods that rapidly construct each nucleus utilizing tandem reactions.

Synthetic approaches towards the Lycopodium alkaloids

The Lycopodium alkaloids are a structurally diverse group of natural products isolated from Lycopodium with important biological effects for the potential treatment of cancer and severe neurodegenerative diseases. To date, full biological studies have been hampered by lack of material from natural sources. Total synthesis represents a possible solution to meet this demand as well as the most effective way to design new compounds to determine structural activity relationships and obtain more potent compounds. The aim of this chapter is to summarise the work carried out in this field so far by presenting an overview of the synthetic strategies used to access each of the four key Lycopodium alkaloid types. Particular emphasis has been placed on methods that rapidly construct each nucleus utilizing tandem reactions.

A broadband leptonic model for gamma-ray emitting microquasars

Observational and theoretical studies point to microquasars (MQs) as possible counterparts of a significant fraction of the unidentified gamma-ray sources detected so far. At present, a proper scenario to explain the emission beyond soft X-rays from these objects is not known, nor what the precise connection is between the radio and the high-energy radiation. We develop a new model where the MQ jet is dynamically dominated by cold protons and radiatively dominated by relativistic leptons. The matter content and power of the jet are both related with the accretion process. The magnetic field is assumed to be close to equipartition, although it is attached to and dominated by the jet matter. For the relativistic particles in the jet, their maximum energy depends on both the acceleration efficiency and the energy losses. The model takes into account the interaction of the relativistic jet particles with the magnetic field and all the photon and matter fields. Such interaction produces significant amounts of radiation from radio to very high energies through synchrotron, relativistic Bremsstrahlung, and inverse Compton (IC) processes. Variability of the emission produced by changes in the accretion process (e.g. via orbital eccentricity) is also expected. The effects of the gamma-ray absorption by the external photon fields on the gamma-ray spectrum have been taken into account, revealing clear spectral features that might be observed. This model is consistent to the accretion scenario, energy conservation laws, and current observational knowledge, and can provide deeper physical information of the source when tested against multiwavelength data.