Gènere i sexoafectivitat segons els adolescents dels usuaris dels centres oberts de la ciutat de Girona

L’objectiu d’aquest treball és conèixer la percepció que tenen els adolescents usuaris dels centres oberts de la ciutat de Girona sobre la sexualitat, l’afectivitat, quins rols de gènere se’n deriven i quines creences els sustenten. El disseny del treball ha estat qualitatiu, observacional, grups de discussió. Pel que fa als subjectes i al mètode, la població seleccionada ha estat de 33 adolescents i joves d’edats compreses entre els 12 i els 22 anys, usuaris de quatre centres oberts de Girona: el centre obert de Taialà, el Centre Obert de Font de la Pólvora (Onyar), el Centre Obert de Santa Eugènia i el Centre Obert del Barri Vell. Es van dur a terme grups de discussió d’una hora de duració sense descans amb d’entre 6 i 8 persones a partir d’un guió format per diversos mites i frases en relació a diversos temes (El festeig, la virginitat, la curiositat pel cos i per la sexualitat, els anticonceptius i les principals fonts d’informació) sobre les que havien de dir si estaven d’acord o no i qui creien que les deia (si un noi o una noia). Sobre els resultats del treball cal dir que s’ha observat la persistència d’algunes creences del model del amor romàntic en relació al rols de gènere com la definició de la dona vinculada a papers de cura i prevenció, una dona que té accés a la sexualitat però segueix estan catalogada per la vivència d’aquesta essent una persona “respectable” o una “puta”, que pren un rol més actiu en la iniciativa però no el l’assertivitat en les relacions; i un home, més impulsiu i sexual. En relació als comportaments sexuals destacar l’embaràs no desitjat com la principal preocupació de les relacions i el desconeixement/confusió entre els mètodes anticonceptius i de barrera disponibles a la xarxa de salut. Apareix la pornografia com a model emergent de relacions sexuals i models de relació entre homes i dones, en contraposició a altres fonts de informació i consulta tradicionals com els amics que segueixen essent la més significativa, la família, els serveis socials i educatius, i Internet. Com a conclusió cal dir que queda palesa la necessitat de incorporar una perspectiva de gènere en la formació curricular dels joves i el fet de seguir replantejant les millors estratègies d’intervenció per una concepció integradora de la sexualitat

Uso del casco en adolescentes usuarios de ciclomotores en la ciudad de Gerona, 2006

Las lesiones cerebrales por traumatismos craneocerebrales son la causa más frecuente de defunción en colisiones de tráfico con la implicación de vehículos de dos ruedas. A pesar de la probada eficacia del uso del casco como dispositivo de protección de la cabeza para atenuar las lesiones en caso de colisión, algunos adolescentes y jóvenes no lo utilizan. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar las variables que mejor predicen el uso del casco entre adolescentes usuarios de ciclomotores

Lepromatous leprosy: a review and case report

Leprosy is a contagious and chronic systemic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (Hansen"s bacillus). It is transmitted from person to person and has a long incubation period (between two and six years). The disease presents polar clinical forms (the"multibacillary" lepromatous leprosy and the"paucibacillary" tuberculoid leprosy), as well as other intermediate forms with hybrid characteristics. Oral manifestations usually appear in lepromatous leprosy and occur in 20-60% of cases. They may take the form of multiple nodules (lepromas) that progress to necrosis and ulceration. The ulcers are slow to heal, and produce atrophic scarring or even tissue destruction. The lesions are usually located on the hard and soft palate, in the uvula, on the underside of the tongue, and on the lips and gums. There may also be destruction of the anterior maxilla and loss of teeth. The diagnosis, based on clinical suspicion, is confirmed through bacteriological and histopathological analyses, as well as by means of the lepromin test (intradermal reaction that is usually negative in lepromatous leprosy form and positive in the tuberculoid form). The differential diagnosis includes systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, cutaneous leishmaniasis and other skin diseases, tertiary syphilis, lymphomas, systemic mycosis, traumatic lesions and malignant neoplasias, among other disorders. Treatment is difficult as it must be continued for long periods, requires several drugs with adverse effects and proves very expensive, particularly for less developed countries. The most commonly used drugs are dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine. Quinolones, such as ofloxacin and pefloxacin, as well as some macrolides, such as clarithromycin and minocyclin, are also effective. The present case report describes a patient with lepromatous leprosy acquired within a contagious family setting during childhood and adolescence

Què s'ha fet en el pla d'igualtat de gènere?

Podeu consultar la Setena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/43352

Què s'ha fet en el pla d'igualtat de gènere?

Podeu consultar la Setena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/43352

Què s'ha fet en el pla d'igualtat de gènere?

Podeu consultar la Setena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/43352

Ampliación de funcionalidades para la red KPAX

Creación de un plugin con nuevas funcionalidades para la aplicación KPAX.

A programming environment having three levels of complexity for mobile robotics = Entorno de programación con tres niveles de complejidad para robótica móvil

This paper presents a programming environment for supporting learning in STEM, particularly mobile robotic learning. It was designed to maintain progressive learning for people with and without previous knowledge of programming and/or robotics. The environment was multi platform and built with open source tools. Perception, mobility, communication, navigation and collaborative behaviour functionalities can be programmed for different mobile robots. A learner is able to programme robots using different programming languages and editor interfaces: graphic programming interface (basic level), XML-based meta language (intermediate level) or ANSI C language (advanced level). The environment supports programme translation transparently into different languages for learners or explicitly on learners’ demand. Learners can access proposed challenges and learning interfaces by examples. The environment was designed to allow characteristics such as extensibility, adaptive interfaces, persistence and low software/hardware coupling. Functionality tests were performed to prove programming environment specifications. UV BOT mobile robots were used in these tests

Response to topical clonazepam in patients with burning mouth syndrome: a clinical study

Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a difficult disease for patients and clinicians. Moreover, there is not a general consensus on how to treat the disease. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate BMS patients' response to topical clonazepam treatment. A double blind study was performed. Among a total of 66 patients, 33 were treated with tablets of clonazepam and another 33 were treated with a placebo. Symptoms were evaluated after 1 month and 6 months of treatment and scored on an analogical scale from 0 to 10. Among the 33 patients treated with clonazepam, 23 showed at least a 50% reduction in symptoms after 1 month of treatment. On the contrary, only 4 in the placebo group exhibited significant improvement. After 6 months, significant differences were observed again, as 23 of the 33 patients treated with the drug reported at least a 50% reduction in symptoms, whereas only 2 among those treated with the placebo significantly improved. However, when measured in terms of a complete cure (lack of symptoms), the differences were not significant: 5 drug-treated patients and one belonging to the placebo group were asymptomatic after one month of treatment. In summary, it seems that clonazepam applied topically was effective in treating BMS in a large proportion of patients

From symmetric glycerol derivatives to dissymmetric chlorohydrins

The anticipated worldwide increase in biodiesel production will result in an accumulation of glycerol for which there are insufficient conventional uses. The surplus of this by-product has increased rapidly during the last decade, prompting a search for new glycerol applications. We describe here the synthesis of dissymmetric chlorohydrin esters from symmetric 1,3-dichloro-2-propyl esters obtained from glycerol. We studied the influence of two solvents: 1,4-dioxane and 1-butanol and two bases: sodium carbonate and 1-butylimidazole, on the synthesis of dissymmetric chlorohydrin esters. In addition, we studied the influence of other bases (potassium and lithium carbonates) in the reaction using 1,4-dioxane as the solvent. The highest yield was obtained using 1,4-dioxane and sodium carbonate.

Tuberous sclerosis: literature review and case report

Tuberous sclerosis (TS) or Bourneville"s disease is a rare, multisystemic genetic disorder. It involves alterations to ectodermal and mesodermal cell differentiation and proliferation, causing benign hamartomatous tumors, neurofibromas and angiofibromas in the brain and other vital organs including the kidney, heart, eyes, lungs, skin and mucosa. It also affects the central nervous system and produces neurological dysfunctions such as seizures, mental retardation and behavior disorders. Tuberous (rootshaped) growths develop in the brain, and calcify over time, becoming hard and sclerotic, hence the name given to the disease. Although inheritance is autosomal dominant, 60-70% of cases occur through spontaneous mutations. The disease is related to some mutations or alterations in two genes, named TSC1 and TSC2. Discovered in 1997, TSC1 is located on chromosome 9q34 and produces a protein called hamartin. TSC2, discovered in 1993, is located on chromosome 16p13 and produces a protein called tuberin. The prevalence of the disease is 1/6000-10,000 live newborns, and it is estimated that there are 1-2 million sufferers worldwide. This paper presents a literature review and a family case report of a mother and two of her daughters with oral features of TS

Trombosis venosas cerebrales en la edad pediátrica: presentación clínica, factores de riesgo, diagnóstico y tratamiento

Introducción: Desde su primera descripción a mediados del siglo xix, mucho se ha avanzado en el conocimiento de esta entidad, que constituye una reconocida, aunque desestimada, causa de ictus en la infancia. Objetivo: Analizar la presentación clínica, factores de riesgo, evolución y tratamiento de una población de niños con trombosis venosa cerebral. Pacientes y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y longitudinal, de niños entre 0 y 17 años con trombosis venosa cerebral, en un período de cinco años. Resultados: Se identificaron 31 casos, de los cuales 18 fueron varones. Dieciocho pacientes comenzaron con convulsiones y 13 con síndrome de hipertensión endocraneal. Se identificaron 23 pacientes con procesos infecciosos, cuatro con patología de base previa, cinco con factores protrombóticos, tres neonatos con traumatismo obstétrico, cinco con más de un factor de riesgo y uno sin marcadores de riesgo. Se realizó diagnóstico por resonancia magnética en 18 pacientes, por tomografía computarizada con contraste en 11 y por angiorresonancia en los dos restantes. Dieciséis presentaron trombosis del seno transverso, cuatro del longitudinal superior, cuatro del sigmoides, cinco afectación de más de un seno y dos del seno cavernoso. Se inició anticoagulación en 21 niños y no se trataron los 10 restantes. Doce pacientes manifestaron déficit neurológico a largo plazo, mientras que 18 se mantuvieron asintomáticos. No hubo fallecimientos o complicaciones graves por la trombosis ni la anticoagulación, así como tampoco recurrencias sintomáticas en el seguimiento. Conclusiones: Las trombosis venosas cerebrales son una causa importante de ictus en la infancia. La sospecha clínica debe ser elevada ante todo paciente con clínica de hipertensión endocraneal o convulsiones en presencia de factores de riesgo conocidos.

Buccodental health and oral mucositis. Clinical study in patients with hematological diseases

Objectives: The objective of the present study is to assess whether a good buccodental status (evaluated by means of dentogingival indices), is associated with a lower incidence and severity of oral mucositis in patients with hematological diseases who receive treatment with chemotherapy or bone marrow transplant. Study design: The study was carried out on 97 patients admitted to the Hematology Service of the Hospital Duran y Reynals in Barcelona during 2002-2003. These patients received treatment with chemotherapy or conditioning prior to bone marrow transplant. A descriptive study was made, analyzing oral hygiene, one dental index, and two gingivales indices, and evaluating their relationship with the appearance of mucositis. Results: The patients with high plaque (PI) and gingival (GI) indices during chemotherapy presented a higher percentage of mucositis (77.4% and 65.7% respectively) against those who had little or no visible plaque. In the case of the PI, the differences were statistically significant (p=0.015). Likewise, patients who brushed their teeth 3 times/day presented mucositis in only 26.7% of cases, against those who did not brush, or brushed only once a day (65.9% and 68.4%), these differences also being statistically significant (p=0.013). The CAO showed similar results in patients with or without mucositis (7.59 and 7.03 respectively). Conclusions: In our study, a good gingival status as well as good oral hygiene during chemoradiotherapy is associated with a lower incidence and severity of mucositis.

Lepromatous leprosy: a review and case report

Leprosy is a contagious and chronic systemic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (Hansen"s bacillus). It is transmitted from person to person and has a long incubation period (between two and six years). The disease presents polar clinical forms (the"multibacillary" lepromatous leprosy and the"paucibacillary" tuberculoid leprosy), as well as other intermediate forms with hybrid characteristics. Oral manifestations usually appear in lepromatous leprosy and occur in 20-60% of cases. They may take the form of multiple nodules (lepromas) that progress to necrosis and ulceration. The ulcers are slow to heal, and produce atrophic scarring or even tissue destruction. The lesions are usually located on the hard and soft palate, in the uvula, on the underside of the tongue, and on the lips and gums. There may also be destruction of the anterior maxilla and loss of teeth. The diagnosis, based on clinical suspicion, is confirmed through bacteriological and histopathological analyses, as well as by means of the lepromin test (intradermal reaction that is usually negative in lepromatous leprosy form and positive in the tuberculoid form). The differential diagnosis includes systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, cutaneous leishmaniasis and other skin diseases, tertiary syphilis, lymphomas, systemic mycosis, traumatic lesions and malignant neoplasias, among other disorders. Treatment is difficult as it must be continued for long periods, requires several drugs with adverse effects and proves very expensive, particularly for less developed countries. The most commonly used drugs are dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine. Quinolones, such as ofloxacin and pefloxacin, as well as some macrolides, such as clarithromycin and minocyclin, are also effective. The present case report describes a patient with lepromatous leprosy acquired within a contagious family setting during childhood and adolescence

Asociación de síndrome de boca ardiente con xerostomía y medicamentos

Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo para el síndrome de boca ardiente (SBA) a través de estudio de casos y controles. Material y métodos: Se realizó análisis cuantitativo del flujo salival total en reposo y estimulado; se registraron la xerostomía subjetiva, el consumo de medicamentos y los estados psicológicos de ansiedad y depresión en 40 pacientes con SBA y 40 controles. Resultados: El análisis ANOVA mostró diferencias significativas en las medias del número de medicamentos/día, número de medicamentos xerostomizantes/día, xerostomía subjetiva, ansiedad y depresión, entre los grupos estudiados. No se observaron diferencias significativas en las tasas de flujo salival en reposo y estimulado. El análisis de asociación Odds ratio determinó asociación del SBA con xerostomía y con el consumo de hipotensores y diuréticos. Conclusiones: Según los resultados de este estudio, se puede afirmar que el consumo de hipotensores y diuréticos fue un factor de riesgo para el padecimiento del SBA. La función de las glándulas salivales en los pacientes con SBA no está deteriorada.