The death receptor antagonist FAIM promotes neurite outgrowth by a mechanism that depends on ERK and NF-κB signaling

Fas apoptosis inhibitory molecule (FAIM) is a protein identified as an antagonist of Fas-induced cell death. We show that FAIM overexpression fails to rescue neurons from trophic factor deprivation, but exerts a marked neurite growth–promoting action in different neuronal systems. Whereas FAIM overexpression greatly enhanced neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells and sympathetic neurons grown with nerve growth factor (NGF), reduction of endogenous FAIM levels by RNAi decreased neurite outgrowth in these cells. FAIM overexpression promoted NF-κB activation, and blocking this activation by using a super-repressor IκBα or by carrying out experiments using cortical neurons from mice that lack the p65 NF-κB subunit prevented FAIM-induced neurite outgrowth. The effect of FAIM on neurite outgrowth was also blocked by inhibition of the Ras–ERK pathway. Finally, we show that FAIM interacts with both Trk and p75 neurotrophin receptor NGF receptors in a ligand-dependent manner. These results reveal a new function of FAIM in promoting neurite outgrowth by a mechanism involving activation of the Ras–ERK pathway and NF-κB.

Aportacion al conocimiento de la flora liquenica silicicola de la parte culminal de Sierra Nevada

Aportación al conocimiento de la flora liquénica silicícola de la parte culminal de Sierra Nevada comprendida entre los Peñones de San Francisco (2.500 m) y el Mulhacén (3.482 m). Se da cuenta de 104 especies, en su mayoría nuevas citas para Sierra Nevada, entre las cuales, son táxones nuevos para España los que se citan en el resumen en inglés.

Estado actual del conocimiento de la pteridoflora de la provincia de Murcia

Se sintetizan los datos publicados sobre la pteridoflora de la provincia de Murcia y se aporta un gran número de nuevas citas cuyos pliegos-testigo están depositados en el herbario de la Universidad de Murcia. Para cada especie se realiza un mapa de distribución en Murcia, utilizando por vez primera el mapa matriz de la provincia con cuadrículas UTM de 10 Km de lado. Son citas a destacar como nuevas para la provincia: Asplenium obovatum V i v ., Cheilanthes maderensis Lowe, Equisetum arvense L. y Selagineila denticulata (L.) Link; y, por ser especie poco citada: Asplenium onopteris L.

Relationship between oral cancer and implants: clinical cases and systematic literature review

The use of implants for oral rehabilitation of edentulous spaces has recently been on the increase, which has also led to an increase in complications such as peri-implant inflammation or peri-implantitis. Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for developing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Objectives: To review the literature of cases that associate implant placement with the development of oral cancer. Study design: We present two clinical cases and a systematic review of literature published on the relationship between oral cancer and implants. Results: We found 13 articles published between the years 1996 and 2009, referencing 18 cases in which the osseointegrated implants are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Of those, 6 articles were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Of the 18 cases reported, only 7 cases did not present a previous history of oral cancer or cancer in other parts of the body. Conclusions: Based on the review of these cases, a clear cause-effect relationship cannot be established, although it can be deduced that there is a possibility that implant treatment may constitute an irritant and/or inflammatory cofactor which contributes to the formation and/or development of OSCC.

Censura de l’amoralitat femenina de Senyora ambaixadora. Teatre de bulevard de postguerra de Xavier Regàs

La repressió franquista té efectes devastadors des del 1939 sobre la cultura catalana. El 1946, però, es comença a autoritzar traduccions, sempre literàries. Però no és fins a mitjan anys cinquanta que s’autoritza la traducció d’actualitat i la representació de teatre traduït. En aquest context, Xavier Regàs Castells pot traduir, adaptar, escriure o representar teatre de bulevard amb un èxit notable. Senyora ambaixadora n’és un exemple. Escrita en espanyol el 1949, es presenta a la censura el 1955 en traducció catalana d’ell mateix. La censura n’autoritza una representació mutilada al Romea, però no s’arriba a escenificar. Al cap de cinc anys torna a passar per censura, ara en una nova versió en espanyol. Aquesta Señora embajadora del 1960 s’estrena al petit Teatre Guimerà no sense una retallada dràstica del text. Els censors de l’obra consideren que ofereix una visió del matrimoni, de les relacions extramatrimonials i, en general, del paper de la dona, allunyada dels cànons del nacionalcatolicismo, i per tant, «frívola i immoral».

Estimating the Ontogenetic Status of an Enantiornithine Bird from the Lower Barremian of El Montsec, Central Pyrenees, Spain.

An Enantiornithes specimen from El Montsec was initially described as an immature individual based upon qualitative traits such as its relatively large orbit and overall proportions of the skull and the postcranium. In this study we re-evaluate the precise determination of the ontogenetic stage of this individual, establishing a cross-talk among taphonomic, anatomic, and morphometric data. The exceptional preservation of the specimen has allowed pondering ontogenetic influence versus preservational bias in features like the external patterns of bone surfaces, instead of being aprioristically considered due to taphonomic alterations only. The rough texture of the periosteal bone associated with pores in the distal, proximal and mid-shaft areas of the humeral shaft, indicates a subadult stage when compared with long bones of modern birds. Forelimb proportions of embryo and juvenile Enanthiornithes are equivalent to those of adult individuals of other taxa within this clade, though this is not a reliable criterion for establishing a precise ontogenetic stage. The El Montsec specimen may be attributed a close adulthood, yet only if growth regimes in Enantiornithes are considered equivalent to those in Neornithes birds.

Contribucion al conocimiento de la flora briofitica del sureste de EspaÑa

Este trabajo da cuenta del hallazgo de briôfitos obtenidos en diversas exploraciones por las provincias de Murcia, Albacete, Almeria y Jaén, singularmente en las Sierras de Los Filabres, Calar del Mundo, El Carche y La Pila. Existían muy pocos datos previos referentes a la zona estudiada. Destacan como especies nuevas para la zona o poco citadas en ella, las que figuran en el resumen en inglés.

El Jardín de Falerina, Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla, Antonio Coello Ochoa y Pedro Calderón de la Barca. Edición, introducción y notas de Felipe B. Pedraza Jiménez y Rafael González Cañal, (Barcelona: Octaedro, 2010)

Parece mentira que una pieza teatral firmada por Calderón de la Barca haya tardado más de tres cientos años en aparecer impresa y que sea ahora,en el 2010, cuando lo haga por primera vez. ¿A qué se debe esta falta de interés por la obra?La respuestanos la ofrecen Felipe B. Pedza Jiménez y Rafael González Cañal en el capítulo que abre el estudio preliminar de su edicion tulado«Razones de una sin razón»

The seasonal evolution of high vertical–mode internal waves in a deep reservoir

The causal mechanism and seasonal evolution of the internal wave field in a deep, warm, monomictic reservoirare examined through the analysis of field observations and numerical techniques. The study period extends fromthe onset of thermal stratification in the spring until midsummer in 2005. During this time, wind forcing wasperiodic, with a period of 24 h (typical of land–sea breezes), and the thermal structure in the lake wascharacterized by the presence of a shallow surface layer overlying a thick metalimnion, typical of small to mediumsized reservoirs with deep outtakes. Basin-scale internal seiches of high vertical mode (ranging from mode V3 toV5) were observed in the metalimnion. The structure of the dominant modes of oscillation changed asstratification evolved on seasonal timescales, but in all cases, their periods were close to that of the local windforcing (i.e., 24 h), suggesting a resonant response. Nonresonant oscillatory modes of type V1 and V2 becamedominant after large frontal events, which disrupted the diurnal periodicity of the wind forcing

De Francisco a Marco Antonio Aldana pasando por Gaspar

It is traditionally considered that the «Aldana», whom Gaspar Gil Polo praises at the end of his «Canto de Turia» (1564), was Francisco de Aldana, the «divino». It is nonetheless more probable that it was in fact rather the Valencian poet, Marco Antonio Aldana, almost forgotten today, but very much in the public eye within the cultivated circles of the end of the sixteenth century Valencia

Modelo de comportamiento en sevicio para estructuras reticulares de hormigón. Parte I: Descripción del modelo y ejemplos de aplicación

A general method for instantaneous and time-dependent serviceability analysis of plane concrete frames is presented. The methodology is based in an extension of the classic matrix formulation for bars. The main aspects influencing the behaviour of the structural concrete are considered: cracking, creep, shrinkage or prestress losses. To simulate the effect of cracking a smeared model (developed in Part II) based on the modification of the tensile branch of the concrete stress-strain relationship is adopted. The general approach considered permits the application to different materials and constitutive laws. Sequential construction (sectional and structural), incorporation of reinforcement, consideration of the loads history; placing and removing shores, and restraining or releasing in boundary conditions are considered. Some examples are included to highlight the capabilities of the model

Modelo de comportamiento en sevicio para estructuras reticulares de hormigón. Parte II: Diagrama tensión- deformación para elementos fisurados a flexión

This paper presents a general methodology to adjust the coefficients defining a constitutive law for tensioned concrete to simulate, under serviceability conditions, the behaviour of cracked concrete members subjected to simple and combined bending (with axial compressive forces). Although experimental results could be used to obtain the mentioned objective, in this work the models proposed by the CEB are utilized, in order to obtain more general conclusions not subjected to specific experiments. A numerical parametrical analysis is performed to determine the more significant variables influencing the Tension-Stiffening effect and simplified closed-form solution is derived for rectangular sections. A systematic study has been to verify the ability of the method to simulate long-term effects. The methodology can be implemented as an initial process in a general model of analysis like the one presented in Part I